The role of urbanization in the flooding and surface water chemistry of Puerto Rico's mangroves

In this study, water level models are constructed to characterize mangrove flooding across urban gradients in Puerto Rico. The most urban sites exhibited 95% longer hydroperiods, 23% lower flood frequencies, and 110% lower depths than the least urban sites. Rainfall importance was explained more by...

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Published inHydrological sciences journal Vol. 65; no. 8; pp. 1326 - 1343
Main Author Branoff, Benjamin L.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Abingdon Taylor & Francis 10.06.2020
Taylor & Francis Ltd
Subjects
Anthropocene
Biochemical oxygen demand
Flood frequency
Flooding
Floods
Geomorphology
Hydrology
Land cover
Mangroves
novel ecosystems
Nutrients
Outliers (statistics)
Oxygen
Rain
Rainfall
storm water
Surface water
Tidal amplitude
tidal harmonics
Total oxygen demand
urban mangroves
Urbanization
Water chemistry
Water levels
Water quality
United States > US
Puerto Rico
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Abstract In this study, water level models are constructed to characterize mangrove flooding across urban gradients in Puerto Rico. The most urban sites exhibited 95% longer hydroperiods, 23% lower flood frequencies, and 110% lower depths than the least urban sites. Rainfall importance was explained more by geomorphology and tidal connectivity than by urbanization, but there was evidence for changes in tidal amplitudes along the urban gradient. Relationships between surface water chemical metrics and land cover contradicted previous studies by suggesting lower nutrients and biochemical oxygen demand with increasing urbanization. However, much of this changed with the exclusion of potential outlier sites, as well as under different statistical comparisons. These results reinforce the understanding that the most important drivers of urban mangrove hydrology and water quality in Puerto Rico are likely geomorphology and tidal connectivity, with some influence from surrounding land cover. Results should be considered alongside the reported errors stemming from digital elevation and rainfall response models.
AbstractList In this study, water level models are constructed to characterize mangrove flooding across urban gradients in Puerto Rico. The most urban sites exhibited 95% longer hydroperiods, 23% lower flood frequencies, and 110% lower depths than the least urban sites. Rainfall importance was explained more by geomorphology and tidal connectivity than by urbanization, but there was evidence for changes in tidal amplitudes along the urban gradient. Relationships between surface water chemical metrics and land cover contradicted previous studies by suggesting lower nutrients and biochemical oxygen demand with increasing urbanization. However, much of this changed with the exclusion of potential outlier sites, as well as under different statistical comparisons. These results reinforce the understanding that the most important drivers of urban mangrove hydrology and water quality in Puerto Rico are likely geomorphology and tidal connectivity, with some influence from surrounding land cover. Results should be considered alongside the reported errors stemming from digital elevation and rainfall response models.
Author Branoff, Benjamin L.
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  organization: Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency
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Copyright 2020 This work was authored as part of the Contributor's official duties as an Employee of the United States Government and is therefore a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law. 2020
2020 This work was authored as part of the Contributor's official duties as an Employee of the United States Government and is therefore a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law.
Copyright_xml – notice: 2020 This work was authored as part of the Contributor's official duties as an Employee of the United States Government and is therefore a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law. 2020
– notice: 2020 This work was authored as part of the Contributor's official duties as an Employee of the United States Government and is therefore a work of the United States Government. In accordance with 17 U.S.C. 105, no copyright protection is available for such works under U.S. Law.
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Snippet In this study, water level models are constructed to characterize mangrove flooding across urban gradients in Puerto Rico. The most urban sites exhibited 95%...
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SubjectTerms Anthropocene
Biochemical oxygen demand
Flood frequency
Flooding
Floods
Geomorphology
Hydrology
Land cover
Mangroves
novel ecosystems
Nutrients
Outliers (statistics)
Oxygen
Rain
Rainfall
storm water
Surface water
Tidal amplitude
tidal harmonics
Total oxygen demand
urban mangroves
Urbanization
Water chemistry
Water levels
Water quality
Title The role of urbanization in the flooding and surface water chemistry of Puerto Rico's mangroves
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