The non-linear influence of trade, foreign direct investment, financial development, energy supply and human capital on carbon emissions in the BRICS

This research investigates the relationship between foreign direct investment, domestic credit to the private sector, energy supply and human capital on carbon emissions subject to the level of trade. In the interest of capturing this non-linear association, this paper utilises the fixed effect pane...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inEnvironmental science and pollution research international Vol. 28; no. 41; pp. 57825 - 57841
Main Author Ganda, Fortune
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.11.2021
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Aquatic Pollution
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Carbon
credit
data collection
Earth and Environmental Science
economic development
Ecotoxicology
Emissions
Emissions trading
Energy
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Health
Environmental quality
Environmental science
foreign direct investment
Foreign investment
Human capital
pollution
Private sector
Research Article
threshold models
trade
Waste Water Technology
Water Management
Water Pollution Control
United States > US
Foreign direct investment
Trade
Energy supply
Human capital
Carbon emissions
Financial development
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Summary:This research investigates the relationship between foreign direct investment, domestic credit to the private sector, energy supply and human capital on carbon emissions subject to the level of trade. In the interest of capturing this non-linear association, this paper utilises the fixed effect panel threshold model. Thus, deploying a panel dataset of BRICS economies from 2000 to 2018, the study produces important findings that trade exerts a considerable non-linear influence on environmental quality. In this context, the paper determines specific threshold levels upon which environmental quality either increase or decrease for the BRICS economies when either energy supply (1.5962, approximately $US 4.934 million), domestic credit to the private sector (1.6375, about $US 5.142 million), foreign direct investment (1.6375, about $US5.142 million) or human capital (1.6375, about $US5.142 million) increases. To ascertain the causation of included parameters, the Dumitrescu and Hurlin causality test results are also presented.
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ISSN:0944-1344
1614-7499
1614-7499
DOI:10.1007/s11356-021-14704-w