Effects of thiacloprid, deltamethrin and their combination on oxidative stress in lymphoid organs, polymorphonuclear leukocytes and plasma of rats

Deltamethrin and thiachloprid are an α-cyano class pyrethroid and neonicotinoid insecticide, respectively. Recently, a pesticide combining deltamethrin and thiacloprid has also been released. In the present study, the acute and subacute toxic effects of deltamethrin, thiachlopride, and a combination...

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Published inPesticide biochemistry and physiology Vol. 100; no. 2; pp. 165 - 171
Main Author Aydin, Birsen
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Amsterdam Elsevier Inc 01.06.2011
Elsevier
Subjects
Biological and medical sciences
bone marrow
cyclophosphamide
Deltamethrin
glutathione peroxidase
kidneys
lipid peroxidation
liver
Lymphoid organs
myeloperoxidase
neutrophils
Oxidative stress
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
Rat
rats
spleen
Thiacloprid
toxicity
Oxidative stress
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
Lymphoid organs
Rat
Deltamethrin
Thiacloprid
Insecticide
Nitrogen heterocycle
Pesticides
Pyrethroids
Organic nitrogen compounds
Pyridine derivatives
Organic compounds
Organ
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Abstract Deltamethrin and thiachloprid are an α-cyano class pyrethroid and neonicotinoid insecticide, respectively. Recently, a pesticide combining deltamethrin and thiacloprid has also been released. In the present study, the acute and subacute toxic effects of deltamethrin, thiachlopride, and a combination of these insecticides, on the lymphoid organs (spleen, thymus and bone marrow), polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and plasma of rats, were determined to better understand mammalian antioxidant–oxidant and inflammatory system responses. For this purpose, rats were treated orally with different doses of thiacloprid (single acute dose of 112.5 mg/kg); subacute dose of 22.5 mg/kg/day for 30 days; deltamethrin (single acute dose of 15 mg/kg); subacute dose (3 mg/kg/day for 30 days), or a combination of these pesticides. Results were compared with those from a comparable dosing regimen with the known immunosuppressive drug cyclophosphamide. Pesticide treatments caused significant changes in the levels of liver and kidney injury markers. Antioxidant enzyme (catalase and glutathione peroxidase), glutathione and plasma antioxidant levels decreased but lipid peroxidation increased in all lymphoid organs and the plasma. Glutathione-S-transferase and especially DT-diaphorase activity, decreased after thiacloprid treatment. Myeloperoxidase activity, carbonyl content, lipid peroxidation and total nitrite levels increased in PMNs and plasma. When evaluated as a whole, the oxidative and inflammatory stresses seen in the pesticide combination groups were not much more pronounced than in the groups treated with a single pesticide. In terms of the evaluated biochemical parameters, the pesticides showed similar effects to cyclophosphamide.
AbstractList Deltamethrin and thiachloprid are an α-cyano class pyrethroid and neonicotinoid insecticide, respectively. Recently, a pesticide combining deltamethrin and thiacloprid has also been released. In the present study, the acute and subacute toxic effects of deltamethrin, thiachlopride, and a combination of these insecticides, on the lymphoid organs (spleen, thymus and bone marrow), polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and plasma of rats, were determined to better understand mammalian antioxidant–oxidant and inflammatory system responses. For this purpose, rats were treated orally with different doses of thiacloprid (single acute dose of 112.5 mg/kg); subacute dose of 22.5 mg/kg/day for 30 days; deltamethrin (single acute dose of 15 mg/kg); subacute dose (3 mg/kg/day for 30 days), or a combination of these pesticides. Results were compared with those from a comparable dosing regimen with the known immunosuppressive drug cyclophosphamide. Pesticide treatments caused significant changes in the levels of liver and kidney injury markers. Antioxidant enzyme (catalase and glutathione peroxidase), glutathione and plasma antioxidant levels decreased but lipid peroxidation increased in all lymphoid organs and the plasma. Glutathione-S-transferase and especially DT-diaphorase activity, decreased after thiacloprid treatment. Myeloperoxidase activity, carbonyl content, lipid peroxidation and total nitrite levels increased in PMNs and plasma. When evaluated as a whole, the oxidative and inflammatory stresses seen in the pesticide combination groups were not much more pronounced than in the groups treated with a single pesticide. In terms of the evaluated biochemical parameters, the pesticides showed similar effects to cyclophosphamide.
All acute and chronic pesticide applications caused significant oxidative damage in immune organs of rats. [Display omitted] ► All pesticide applications has led to the formation of oxidative stress in rats significantly. ► The pesticides gave almost synergistic responses to the biochemical parameters evaluated in this study. ► Decrease in plasma antioxidant capacity with the effect of pesticides it clearly shows. Deltamethrin and thiachloprid are an α-cyano class pyrethroid and neonicotinoid insecticide, respectively. Recently, a pesticide combining deltamethrin and thiacloprid has also been released. In the present study, the acute and subacute toxic effects of deltamethrin, thiachlopride, and a combination of these insecticides, on the lymphoid organs (spleen, thymus and bone marrow), polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and plasma of rats, were determined to better understand mammalian antioxidant–oxidant and inflammatory system responses. For this purpose, rats were treated orally with different doses of thiacloprid (single acute dose of 112.5 mg/kg); subacute dose of 22.5 mg/kg/day for 30 days; deltamethrin (single acute dose of 15 mg/kg); subacute dose (3 mg/kg/day for 30 days), or a combination of these pesticides. Results were compared with those from a comparable dosing regimen with the known immunosuppressive drug cyclophosphamide. Pesticide treatments caused significant changes in the levels of liver and kidney injury markers. Antioxidant enzyme (catalase and glutathione peroxidase), glutathione and plasma antioxidant levels decreased but lipid peroxidation increased in all lymphoid organs and the plasma. Glutathione- S-transferase and especially DT-diaphorase activity, decreased after thiacloprid treatment. Myeloperoxidase activity, carbonyl content, lipid peroxidation and total nitrite levels increased in PMNs and plasma. When evaluated as a whole, the oxidative and inflammatory stresses seen in the pesticide combination groups were not much more pronounced than in the groups treated with a single pesticide. In terms of the evaluated biochemical parameters, the pesticides showed similar effects to cyclophosphamide.
Author Aydin, Birsen
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Issue 2
Keywords Oxidative stress
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
Lymphoid organs
Rat
Deltamethrin
Thiacloprid
Insecticide
Nitrogen heterocycle
Pesticides
Pyrethroids
Organic nitrogen compounds
Pyridine derivatives
Organic compounds
Organ
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PublicationTitle Pesticide biochemistry and physiology
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Snippet All acute and chronic pesticide applications caused significant oxidative damage in immune organs of rats. [Display omitted] ► All pesticide applications has...
Deltamethrin and thiachloprid are an α-cyano class pyrethroid and neonicotinoid insecticide, respectively. Recently, a pesticide combining deltamethrin and...
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SubjectTerms Biological and medical sciences
bone marrow
cyclophosphamide
Deltamethrin
glutathione peroxidase
kidneys
lipid peroxidation
liver
Lymphoid organs
myeloperoxidase
neutrophils
Oxidative stress
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
Rat
rats
spleen
Thiacloprid
toxicity
Title Effects of thiacloprid, deltamethrin and their combination on oxidative stress in lymphoid organs, polymorphonuclear leukocytes and plasma of rats
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2011.03.006
Volume 100
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