Duality of interaction outcomes in a plant–frugivore multilayer network

• Published in: Oikos Vol. 126; no. 3; pp. 361 - 368
• Main Authors: Genrich, Christiane M., Mello, Marco A. R., Silveira, Fernando A. O., Bronstein, Judith L., Paglia, Adriano P.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Nordic Society Oikos 01.03.2017; Blackwell Publishing Ltd
• Subjects: antagonists; Biodiversity; Brazil; diet; digestive system; Dry forests; feces; Forests; frugivores; Mammals; mutualism; Plant ecology; Plant species; Seeds; Small mammals; tetrazolium; traps; Tropical forests; viability; ASW, Brazil; Brazil

In plant–animal interactions, species are commonly labeled as either mutualists or antagonists, based on the most common, most studied, or most easily observed outcome. Nevertheless, evidence from simple systems comprising 2–4 species suggests that those labels are an oversimplification: individual...