Treatment of acute Nipah encephalitis with ribavirin
Nipah virus, a newly identified paramyxovirus caused a severe outbreak of encephalitis in Malaysia with high fatalities. We report an open‐label trial of ribavirin in 140 patients, with 54 patients who were managed prior to the availability of ribavirin or refused treatment as control. There were 45...
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| Published in | Annals of neurology Vol. 49; no. 6; pp. 810 - 813 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
New York
John Wiley & Sons, Inc
01.06.2001
Willey-Liss |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Nipah virus, a newly identified paramyxovirus caused a severe outbreak of encephalitis in Malaysia with high fatalities. We report an open‐label trial of ribavirin in 140 patients, with 54 patients who were managed prior to the availability of ribavirin or refused treatment as control. There were 45 deaths (32%) in the ribavirin arm; 29 deaths (54%) occurred in the control arm. This represents a 36% reduction in mortality (p = 0.011). There was no associated serious side effect. This study suggests that ribavirin is able to reduce the mortality of acute Nipah encephalitis. |
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| AbstractList | Nipah virus, a newly identified paramyxovirus caused a severe outbreak of encephalitis in Malaysia with high fatalities. We report an open-label trial of ribavirin in 140 patients, with 54 patients who were managed prior to the availability of ribavirin or refused treatment as control. There were 45 deaths (32%) in the ribavirin arm; 29 deaths (54%) occurred in the control arm. This represents a 36% reduction in mortality (p = 0.011). There was no associated serious side effect. This study suggests that ribavirin is able to reduce the mortality of acute Nipah encephalitis. |
| Author | Tan, Chong-Tin Thayaparan, Tarmizi Goh, Khean-Jin Lam, Sai-Kit Chew, Nee-Kong Kunjapan, Sree Raman Kamarulzaman, Adeeba Chong, Heng-Thay Chua, Kaw-Bing |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Heng-Thay surname: Chong fullname: Chong, Heng-Thay organization: Department of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia – sequence: 2 givenname: Adeeba surname: Kamarulzaman fullname: Kamarulzaman, Adeeba organization: Department of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia – sequence: 3 givenname: Chong-Tin surname: Tan fullname: Tan, Chong-Tin email: tlip@pl.jaring.my organization: Department of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia – sequence: 4 givenname: Khean-Jin surname: Goh fullname: Goh, Khean-Jin organization: Department of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia – sequence: 5 givenname: Tarmizi surname: Thayaparan fullname: Thayaparan, Tarmizi organization: Department of Medicine, Seremban Hospital, Jalan Rasah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia – sequence: 6 givenname: Sree Raman surname: Kunjapan fullname: Kunjapan, Sree Raman organization: Department of Medicine, Seremban Hospital, Jalan Rasah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia – sequence: 7 givenname: Nee-Kong surname: Chew fullname: Chew, Nee-Kong organization: Department of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia – sequence: 8 givenname: Kaw-Bing surname: Chua fullname: Chua, Kaw-Bing organization: Department of Microbiology, University Malaya Medical Centre, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia – sequence: 9 givenname: Sai-Kit surname: Lam fullname: Lam, Sai-Kit organization: Department of Microbiology, University Malaya Medical Centre, Lembah Pantai, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
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| Keywords | Infection Human Encephalitis Nervous system diseases Chemotherapy Treatment Viral disease Acute Central nervous system disease Antiviral Ribavirin Cerebral disorder |
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Effective therapy with ribavirin publication-title: N Engl J Med – volume: 164 start-page: 1119 year: 1991 end-page: 1127 article-title: Prospective, double‐blind, concurrent,placebo‐controlled clinical trial of intravenous ribavirin therapy of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome publication-title: J Infect Dis – volume: 48 start-page: 265 year: 1999 end-page: 269 article-title: Outbreak of Hendra‐like virus—Malaysia and Singapore, 1998–1999 publication-title: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep – volume: 181 start-page: 1755 year: 2000 end-page: 1759 article-title: Case‐control study of risk factors for human infection with a new zoonotic paramyxovirus, Nipah virus, during a 1998–1999 outbreak of severe encephalitis in Malaysia publication-title: J Infect Dis – volume: 288 start-page: 1432 year: 2000 end-page: 1435 article-title: Nipah virus: a recent emergent deadly Paramyxovirus publication-title: Science – volume: 48 start-page: 802 year: 2000 end-page: 805 article-title: High mortality in Nipah encephalitis is associated with presence of virus in cerebrospinal fluid publication-title: Ann Neurol – volume: 342 start-page: 1229 year: 2000 end-page: 1235 article-title: Clinical features of Nipah virus encephalitis among pig farmers in Malaysia publication-title: N Eng J Med – volume: 5 start-page: 23 year: 2000 end-page: 28 article-title: Kinetics of IgM and IgG seroconversion in Nipah virus infection publication-title: Neurol J Southeast Asia – volume: 48 start-page: 802 year: 2000 ident: 10.1002/ana.1062-BIB7 publication-title: Ann Neurol doi: 10.1002/1531-8249(200011)48:5<802::AID-ANA17>3.0.CO;2-M contributor: fullname: Chua – volume: 164 start-page: 1119 year: 1991 ident: 10.1002/ana.1062-BIB10 publication-title: J Infect Dis doi: 10.1093/infdis/164.6.1119 contributor: fullname: Huggins – volume: 5 start-page: 23 year: 2000 ident: 10.1002/ana.1062-BIB15 publication-title: Neurol J Southeast Asia contributor: fullname: Ramasundrum – volume: ii start-page: s750 year: 1989 ident: 10.1002/ana.1062-BIB9 publication-title: Rev Infect Dis doi: 10.1093/clinids/11.Supplement_4.S750 contributor: fullname: Huggins – volume: 4 start-page: 77 year: 1999 ident: 10.1002/ana.1062-BIB5 publication-title: Neurol J Southeast Asia contributor: fullname: Tan – volume: 342 start-page: 1229 year: 2000 ident: 10.1002/ana.1062-BIB6 publication-title: N Eng J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJM200004273421701 contributor: fullname: Goh – volume: 182 start-page: 1214 year: 2000 ident: 10.1002/ana.1062-BIB13 publication-title: J Infect Dis doi: 10.1086/315847 contributor: fullname: Jordan – volume: 37 start-page: 532 year: 1993 ident: 10.1002/ana.1062-BIB14 publication-title: Antimicrob Agents Chemother doi: 10.1128/AAC.37.3.532 contributor: fullname: Connor – volume: 125 start-page: 129 year: 1994 ident: 10.1002/ana.1062-BIB12 publication-title: J Pediatr doi: 10.1016/S0022-3476(94)70139-3 contributor: fullname: Rodriguez – volume: 48 start-page: 265 year: 1999 ident: 10.1002/ana.1062-BIB1 publication-title: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep – volume: 52 start-page: 29 year: 2001 ident: 10.1002/ana.1062-BIB8 publication-title: Annu Rev Med doi: 10.1146/annurev.med.52.1.29 contributor: fullname: Lin – volume: 181 start-page: 1755 year: 2000 ident: 10.1002/ana.1062-BIB4 publication-title: J Infect Dis doi: 10.1086/315457 contributor: fullname: Parashar – volume: 354 start-page: 1257 year: 1999 ident: 10.1002/ana.1062-BIB2 publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(99)04299-3 contributor: fullname: Chua – volume: 314 start-page: 20 year: 1986 ident: 10.1002/ana.1062-BIB11 publication-title: N Engl J Med doi: 10.1056/NEJM198601023140104 contributor: fullname: McCormick – volume: 288 start-page: 1432 year: 2000 ident: 10.1002/ana.1062-BIB3 publication-title: Science doi: 10.1126/science.288.5470.1432 contributor: fullname: Chua |
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| SubjectTerms | Adult Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents Antiviral agents Asian Continental Ancestry Group Biological and medical sciences China - ethnology Encephalitis, Viral - drug therapy Encephalitis, Viral - mortality Encephalitis, Viral - physiopathology Encephalitis, Viral - virology Female Human viral diseases Humans Infectious diseases Malaysia Male Medical sciences Paramyxovirinae - classification Paramyxovirinae - isolation & purification Paramyxovirinae - physiology Pharmacology. Drug treatments Retrospective Studies Ribavirin - adverse effects Ribavirin - therapeutic use Treatment Outcome Treatment Refusal Tropical medicine Viral diseases Viral diseases of the nervous system |
| Title | Treatment of acute Nipah encephalitis with ribavirin |
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