A numerical study on the crack tip constraint of pipelines subject to extreme plastic bending
This study investigates the fracture response and crack tip constraint of thick wall pipelines subject to large plastic bending. Such a circumstance frequently occurs during the installation of offshore pipelines (such as the reeling method), and accidental overloading, both inducing inelastic bendi...
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| Published in | Engineering fracture mechanics Vol. 78; no. 6; pp. 1201 - 1217 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Kidlington
Elsevier Ltd
01.04.2011
Elsevier |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0013-7944 1873-7315 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2010.11.021 |
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| Abstract | This study investigates the fracture response and crack tip constraint of thick wall pipelines subject to large plastic bending. Such a circumstance frequently occurs during the installation of offshore pipelines (such as the reeling method), and accidental overloading, both inducing inelastic bending. The near-tip stress and strain fields are obtained through the fully nonlinear 3D finite element models constructed to examine the response of a practical range of cracked pipeline geometries and material properties. It is observed that throughout the loading history (up to the large scale yielding of the pipeline), by incorporation of the
J–
Q two parameter fracture theory, the near crack tip fields do indeed resemble those obtained from a
K–
T modified boundary layer formulation. This analogy provides sufficient proof for the applicability of the similitude concept inherent and fundamental to any fracture assessment procedure. All the pipelines considered in this study, which had realistic crack sizes, exhibited low constraint behavior (i.e. −1.4
<
Q
<
−0.4). Additionally,
Q was observed to decrease as a linear function of the global bending strain. Based on this correlation, simplified design equations are presented by which the constraint of such pipelines could be effectively estimated. The equations would be suitable for incorporation in the constraint-matched integrity assessment procedures that would in turn overcome the overt conservatism produced by the use of single parameter fracture mechanics approaches. Suitability of the low constraint laboratory specimens for fracture toughness measurements is also confirmed. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | This study investigates the fracture response and crack tip constraint of thick wall pipelines subject to large plastic bending. Such a circumstance frequently occurs during the installation of offshore pipelines (such as the reeling method), and accidental overloading, both inducing inelastic bending. The near-tip stress and strain fields are obtained through the fully nonlinear 3D finite element models constructed to examine the response of a practical range of cracked pipeline geometries and material properties. It is observed that throughout the loading history (up to the large scale yielding of the pipeline), by incorporation of the J-Q two parameter fracture theory, the near crack tip fields do indeed resemble those obtained from a K-T modified boundary layer formulation. This analogy provides sufficient proof for the applicability of the similitude concept inherent and fundamental to any fracture assessment procedure. All the pipelines considered in this study, which had realistic crack sizes, exhibited low constraint behavior (i.e. -1.4 < Q < -0.4). Additionally, Q was observed to decrease as a linear function of the global bending strain. Based on this correlation, simplified design equations are presented by which the constraint of such pipelines could be effectively estimated. The equations would be suitable for incorporation in the constraint-matched integrity assessment procedures that would in turn overcome the overt conservatism produced by the use of single parameter fracture mechanics approaches. Suitability of the low constraint laboratory specimens for fracture toughness measurements is also confirmed. This study investigates the fracture response and crack tip constraint of thick wall pipelines subject to large plastic bending. Such a circumstance frequently occurs during the installation of offshore pipelines (such as the reeling method), and accidental overloading, both inducing inelastic bending. The near-tip stress and strain fields are obtained through the fully nonlinear 3D finite element models constructed to examine the response of a practical range of cracked pipeline geometries and material properties. It is observed that throughout the loading history (up to the large scale yielding of the pipeline), by incorporation of the J– Q two parameter fracture theory, the near crack tip fields do indeed resemble those obtained from a K– T modified boundary layer formulation. This analogy provides sufficient proof for the applicability of the similitude concept inherent and fundamental to any fracture assessment procedure. All the pipelines considered in this study, which had realistic crack sizes, exhibited low constraint behavior (i.e. −1.4 < Q < −0.4). Additionally, Q was observed to decrease as a linear function of the global bending strain. Based on this correlation, simplified design equations are presented by which the constraint of such pipelines could be effectively estimated. The equations would be suitable for incorporation in the constraint-matched integrity assessment procedures that would in turn overcome the overt conservatism produced by the use of single parameter fracture mechanics approaches. Suitability of the low constraint laboratory specimens for fracture toughness measurements is also confirmed. |
| Author | Taheri, F. Nourpanah, N. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: N. surname: Nourpanah fullname: Nourpanah, N. – sequence: 2 givenname: F. surname: Taheri fullname: Taheri, F. email: farid.taheri@dal.ca |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1520/STP18021S 10.1016/0022-5096(92)90057-9 10.1016/0022-5096(91)90029-N 10.1016/0022-5096(94)00067-F 10.1023/A:1007487911376 10.1016/0022-5096(68)90013-6 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2004.10.010 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2006.04.004 10.1115/1.3122769 10.1520/STP13698S 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2010.04.030 10.1115/OMAE2003-37370 10.1115/1.4011454 10.1115/1.2842121 10.1520/STP35830S 10.1016/0022-5096(91)90049-T 10.1115/IPC2002-27094 10.1016/0022-5096(68)90014-8 10.1115/1.2897135 10.1520/STP18020S 10.1016/0022-5096(81)90003-X 10.1115/1.3167187 10.1016/0013-7944(95)00033-R 10.1016/S0022-5096(97)00068-9 10.1016/j.ijpvp.2004.08.012 10.1007/BF00043119 10.2172/6068291 10.1016/0013-7944(84)90096-1 |
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| Keywords | Crack tip constraint Plastic bending Fracture Pipelines Integrity assessment Near field Constraint Structure integrity Modeling Finite element method Inelasticity Thick wall Crack tip Boundary layer Stress analysis Rupture Stress path Pipeline Fracture toughness Overload Crack length Non linear effect Offshore structure Plastic hinge Crack |
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| SubjectTerms | Applied sciences Assessments Bending Correlation Crack tip constraint Crude oil, natural gas and petroleum products Energy Exact sciences and technology Fracture Fracture mechanics Fracture mechanics (crack, fatigue, damage...) Fuels Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications) Inelasticity (thermoplasticity, viscoplasticity...) Integrity assessment Mathematical analysis Mathematical models Physics Pipelines Plastic bending Solid mechanics Strain Structural and continuum mechanics Three dimensional Transportation and distribution of crude oils and liquid petroleum products. Ships. Pipelines. Terminals. Service stations |
| Title | A numerical study on the crack tip constraint of pipelines subject to extreme plastic bending |
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