Homogeneity and Viscoelastic Behaviour of Bitumen Film in Asphalt Mixtures Containing RAP
This article discusses the phenomenon of fresh and RAP binders miscibility and presents test results of bitumen film properties from specially prepared asphalt mixtures. The miscibility of a fresh binder and a RAP binder still has not been fully recognised. The aim of this study was to determine the...
Saved in:
| Published in | Materials Vol. 14; no. 16; p. 4355 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Basel
MDPI AG
04.08.2021
MDPI |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
| Abstract | This article discusses the phenomenon of fresh and RAP binders miscibility and presents test results of bitumen film properties from specially prepared asphalt mixtures. The miscibility of a fresh binder and a RAP binder still has not been fully recognised. The aim of this study was to determine the homogeneity level of the bitumen film based on viscoelastic assessment. In addition, an attempt was made to assess the impact of fresh binder on the binders blending degree. The study included assessment of homogeneity of bitumen film comprising various types of bituminous binders. The assessment was conducted on the basis of tests in the dynamic shear rheometer regarding rheological properties of the binders recovered from specific layers of the bitumen film using a staged extraction method. A complex shear modulus as a function of temperature, an elastic recovery R and a non-recoverable creep compliance modulus JNR from MSCR test were determined. The conducted statistical analyses confirmed the significant impact of the type of fresh binder on the blending degree. Regressive dependencies have been set between the differences of the complex shear modulus of the binders subject to mixing and differences of the complex shear modulus of binders from the internal and external layer of the bitumen film comprised of those binders. It was found that there is no full blending of fresh hard bitumen-simulated binder from RAP, which results in non-homogeneity of the bitumen film. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | This article discusses the phenomenon of fresh and RAP binders miscibility and presents test results of bitumen film properties from specially prepared asphalt mixtures. The miscibility of a fresh binder and a RAP binder still has not been fully recognised. The aim of this study was to determine the homogeneity level of the bitumen film based on viscoelastic assessment. In addition, an attempt was made to assess the impact of fresh binder on the binders blending degree. The study included assessment of homogeneity of bitumen film comprising various types of bituminous binders. The assessment was conducted on the basis of tests in the dynamic shear rheometer regarding rheological properties of the binders recovered from specific layers of the bitumen film using a staged extraction method. A complex shear modulus as a function of temperature, an elastic recovery R and a non-recoverable creep compliance modulus JNR from MSCR test were determined. The conducted statistical analyses confirmed the significant impact of the type of fresh binder on the blending degree. Regressive dependencies have been set between the differences of the complex shear modulus of the binders subject to mixing and differences of the complex shear modulus of binders from the internal and external layer of the bitumen film comprised of those binders. It was found that there is no full blending of fresh hard bitumen-simulated binder from RAP, which results in non-homogeneity of the bitumen film. This article discusses the phenomenon of fresh and RAP binders miscibility and presents test results of bitumen film properties from specially prepared asphalt mixtures. The miscibility of a fresh binder and a RAP binder still has not been fully recognised. The aim of this study was to determine the homogeneity level of the bitumen film based on viscoelastic assessment. In addition, an attempt was made to assess the impact of fresh binder on the binders blending degree. The study included assessment of homogeneity of bitumen film comprising various types of bituminous binders. The assessment was conducted on the basis of tests in the dynamic shear rheometer regarding rheological properties of the binders recovered from specific layers of the bitumen film using a staged extraction method. A complex shear modulus as a function of temperature, an elastic recovery R and a non-recoverable creep compliance modulus J NR from MSCR test were determined. The conducted statistical analyses confirmed the significant impact of the type of fresh binder on the blending degree. Regressive dependencies have been set between the differences of the complex shear modulus of the binders subject to mixing and differences of the complex shear modulus of binders from the internal and external layer of the bitumen film comprised of those binders. It was found that there is no full blending of fresh hard bitumen-simulated binder from RAP, which results in non-homogeneity of the bitumen film. This article discusses the phenomenon of fresh and RAP binders miscibility and presents test results of bitumen film properties from specially prepared asphalt mixtures. The miscibility of a fresh binder and a RAP binder still has not been fully recognised. The aim of this study was to determine the homogeneity level of the bitumen film based on viscoelastic assessment. In addition, an attempt was made to assess the impact of fresh binder on the binders blending degree. The study included assessment of homogeneity of bitumen film comprising various types of bituminous binders. The assessment was conducted on the basis of tests in the dynamic shear rheometer regarding rheological properties of the binders recovered from specific layers of the bitumen film using a staged extraction method. A complex shear modulus as a function of temperature, an elastic recovery R and a non-recoverable creep compliance modulus JNR from MSCR test were determined. The conducted statistical analyses confirmed the significant impact of the type of fresh binder on the blending degree. Regressive dependencies have been set between the differences of the complex shear modulus of the binders subject to mixing and differences of the complex shear modulus of binders from the internal and external layer of the bitumen film comprised of those binders. It was found that there is no full blending of fresh hard bitumen-simulated binder from RAP, which results in non-homogeneity of the bitumen film.This article discusses the phenomenon of fresh and RAP binders miscibility and presents test results of bitumen film properties from specially prepared asphalt mixtures. The miscibility of a fresh binder and a RAP binder still has not been fully recognised. The aim of this study was to determine the homogeneity level of the bitumen film based on viscoelastic assessment. In addition, an attempt was made to assess the impact of fresh binder on the binders blending degree. The study included assessment of homogeneity of bitumen film comprising various types of bituminous binders. The assessment was conducted on the basis of tests in the dynamic shear rheometer regarding rheological properties of the binders recovered from specific layers of the bitumen film using a staged extraction method. A complex shear modulus as a function of temperature, an elastic recovery R and a non-recoverable creep compliance modulus JNR from MSCR test were determined. The conducted statistical analyses confirmed the significant impact of the type of fresh binder on the blending degree. Regressive dependencies have been set between the differences of the complex shear modulus of the binders subject to mixing and differences of the complex shear modulus of binders from the internal and external layer of the bitumen film comprised of those binders. It was found that there is no full blending of fresh hard bitumen-simulated binder from RAP, which results in non-homogeneity of the bitumen film. |
| Author | Król, Jan Radziszewski, Piotr Liphardt, Adam |
| AuthorAffiliation | Road Construction Technology Department, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-637 Warsaw, Poland; p.radziszewski@il.pw.edu.pl (P.R.); j.krol@il.pw.edu.pl (J.K.) |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: Road Construction Technology Department, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-637 Warsaw, Poland; p.radziszewski@il.pw.edu.pl (P.R.); j.krol@il.pw.edu.pl (J.K.) |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Adam surname: Liphardt fullname: Liphardt, Adam – sequence: 2 givenname: Piotr orcidid: 0000-0003-2835-0240 surname: Radziszewski fullname: Radziszewski, Piotr – sequence: 3 givenname: Jan orcidid: 0000-0001-8728-3530 surname: Król fullname: Król, Jan |
| BookMark | eNptkdtKJDEQhoMontYbnyCwNyKM5lDd27kRxmE9gOKyrAt7FWoy1TOR7mTspGV9e3tQPGHdVEF99fNX1Q5bDzEQY_tSHGltxHGLEmQJuijW2LY0phxJA7D-rt5ieyndiSG0lpUym2xLA4CqKrXN_l3ENs4pkM-PHMOM__XJRWowZe_4KS3wwce-47Hmpz73LQV-5puW-8DHabnAJvNr_z_3HSU-iSGjDz7M-e_xr29so8Ym0d5L3mW3Zz__TC5GVzfnl5Px1cjpSucRgtJYilpWhXIStCNXg4G6BqlgCpXQxcwIIJJTKVShlPqhEQQYLCUqQr3LTp51l_20pZmjkDts7LLzLXaPNqK3HzvBL-w8PtgKhJRKDwIHLwJdvO8pZdsON6CmwUCxT1YVZSlUBaUY0O-f0LvhOGFYb0UVenBrVoKHz5TrYkod1a9mpLCrp9m3pw2w-AQ7nzH7uDLrm69GngBYZpjC |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_7409_RABDIM_023_032 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_conbuildmat_2022_127756 crossref_primary_10_1061_JMCEE7_MTENG_16461 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cscm_2022_e01277 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_conbuildmat_2022_130050 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1080/14680629.2012.700269 10.1016/j.resconrec.2013.01.018 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.07.204 10.1080/14680629.2015.1029678 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.10.086 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.05.154 10.1016/j.proeng.2015.07.123 10.1177/0361198105192900105 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.06.045 10.3390/ma14082055 10.1080/14680629.2014.883322 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126261 10.1080/14680629.2015.1030911 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117323 10.1080/14680629.2019.1607537 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.11.217 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.02.013 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.10.003 10.1088/1757-899X/356/1/012009 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126204 10.1080/14680629.2019.1663244 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. 2021 by the authors. 2021 |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. – notice: 2021 by the authors. 2021 |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION 7SR 8FD 8FE 8FG ABJCF ABUWG AFKRA AZQEC BENPR BGLVJ CCPQU D1I DWQXO HCIFZ JG9 KB. PDBOC PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PKEHL PQEST PQGLB PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS 7X8 5PM |
| DOI | 10.3390/ma14164355 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef Engineered Materials Abstracts Technology Research Database ProQuest SciTech Collection ProQuest Technology Collection Materials Science & Engineering Collection ProQuest Central (Alumni) ProQuest Central UK/Ireland ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Central Technology Collection ProQuest One ProQuest Materials Science Collection ProQuest Central SciTech Premium Collection Materials Research Database Materials Science Database Materials Science Collection ProQuest Central Premium ProQuest One Academic (New) Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE) ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central China MEDLINE - Academic PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef Publicly Available Content Database Materials Research Database Technology Collection Technology Research Database ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest Central Essentials Materials Science Collection ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) SciTech Premium Collection ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Central China ProQuest Central ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences Engineered Materials Abstracts ProQuest Central Korea Materials Science Database ProQuest Central (New) ProQuest Materials Science Collection ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition ProQuest Technology Collection ProQuest SciTech Collection ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition Materials Science & Engineering Collection ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic (New) MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | Publicly Available Content Database CrossRef MEDLINE - Academic |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: 8FG name: ProQuest Technology Collection url: https://search.proquest.com/technologycollection1 sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Engineering |
| EISSN | 1996-1944 |
| ExternalDocumentID | PMC8401123 10_3390_ma14164355 |
| GroupedDBID | 29M 2WC 2XV 53G 5GY 5VS 8FE 8FG AADQD AAFWJ AAHBH AAYXX ABDBF ABJCF ACUHS ADBBV ADMLS AENEX AFKRA AFZYC ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AOIJS BCNDV BENPR BGLVJ CCPQU CITATION CZ9 D1I E3Z EBS ESX FRP GX1 HCIFZ HH5 HYE I-F IAO ITC KB. KC. KQ8 MK~ MODMG M~E OK1 OVT P2P PDBOC PGMZT PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PROAC RPM TR2 TUS 7SR 8FD ABUWG AZQEC DWQXO JG9 PKEHL PQEST PQGLB PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS 7X8 5PM |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c383t-a423a60f1852c143cecf494ff4124b48035d904ee1b102522273a4049a61a2ea3 |
| IEDL.DBID | BENPR |
| ISSN | 1996-1944 |
| IngestDate | Thu Aug 21 13:39:35 EDT 2025 Fri Jul 11 05:35:12 EDT 2025 Fri Jul 25 12:04:36 EDT 2025 Tue Jul 01 03:41:44 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 22:58:24 EDT 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Issue | 16 |
| Language | English |
| License | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c383t-a423a60f1852c143cecf494ff4124b48035d904ee1b102522273a4049a61a2ea3 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 |
| ORCID | 0000-0001-8728-3530 0000-0003-2835-0240 |
| OpenAccessLink | https://www.proquest.com/docview/2565380393?pq-origsite=%requestingapplication% |
| PMID | 34442882 |
| PQID | 2565380393 |
| PQPubID | 2032366 |
| ParticipantIDs | pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_8401123 proquest_miscellaneous_2566028460 proquest_journals_2565380393 crossref_primary_10_3390_ma14164355 crossref_citationtrail_10_3390_ma14164355 |
| ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 20210804 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2021-08-04 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 8 year: 2021 text: 20210804 day: 4 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationPlace | Basel |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Basel |
| PublicationTitle | Materials |
| PublicationYear | 2021 |
| Publisher | MDPI AG MDPI |
| Publisher_xml | – name: MDPI AG – name: MDPI |
| References | Riccardi (ref_16) 2017; 154 Sreeram (ref_26) 2018; 179 Matraszek (ref_30) 2012; 10 Huang (ref_1) 2005; 1929 ref_12 Mohajeri (ref_17) 2014; 15 Bowers (ref_11) 2014; 50 Stimilli (ref_25) 2015; 16 Mangiafico (ref_5) 2019; 197 Shirodkar (ref_2) 2011; 25 Zhao (ref_20) 2016; 89 Presti (ref_4) 2020; 21 Pires (ref_6) 2020; 234 Liphardt (ref_28) 2015; 111 Carpenter (ref_9) 1980; 777 Zou (ref_14) 2021; 293 Krol (ref_29) 2018; 356 Liphardt (ref_18) 2016; XXXIII ref_24 Pires (ref_27) 2021; 22 Shirodkar (ref_23) 2013; 73 ref_22 ref_21 Noureldin (ref_10) 1987; 1115 Zhao (ref_15) 2015; 16 Dony (ref_3) 2012; 13 Abdalfattah (ref_13) 2021; 294 ref_8 Zhao (ref_19) 2015; 82 ref_7 |
| References_xml | – volume: 13 start-page: 566 year: 2012 ident: ref_3 article-title: Experimental investigation of the homogeneity of the blended binder of a high rate recycled asphalt publication-title: Road Mater. Pavement Des. doi: 10.1080/14680629.2012.700269 – ident: ref_7 – volume: 73 start-page: 156 year: 2013 ident: ref_23 article-title: Development of blending chart for different degrees of blending of RAP binder and virgin binder publication-title: Resour. Conserv. Recycl. doi: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2013.01.018 – volume: 154 start-page: 361 year: 2017 ident: ref_16 article-title: A new procedure to determine the rheological properties of RAP binder and corresponding bituminous blends publication-title: Constr. Build. Mater. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.07.204 – volume: 16 start-page: 442 year: 2015 ident: ref_25 article-title: New method to estimate the “re-activated” binder amount in recycled hot-mix asphalt publication-title: Road Mater. Pavement Des. doi: 10.1080/14680629.2015.1029678 – volume: 89 start-page: 1161 year: 2016 ident: ref_20 article-title: Quantitative evaluation of blending and diffusion in high RAP and RAS mixtures publication-title: Mater. Des. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.10.086 – ident: ref_24 – volume: XXXIII start-page: 259 year: 2016 ident: ref_18 article-title: Metoda oceny mieszalności lepiszczy w mieszankach mineralno-asfaltowych z destruktem publication-title: J. Civ. Eng. Environ. Arch. – volume: 179 start-page: 245 year: 2018 ident: ref_26 article-title: Evaluation of RAP binder mobilisation and blending efficiency in bituminous mixtures: An approach using ATR-FTIR and artificial aggregate publication-title: Constr. Build. Mater. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.05.154 – volume: 111 start-page: 502 year: 2015 ident: ref_28 article-title: Binder Blending Estimation Method in Hot Mix Asphalt with Reclaimed Asphalt publication-title: Procedia Eng. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2015.07.123 – volume: 1929 start-page: 37 year: 2005 ident: ref_1 article-title: Laboratory investigation of mixing hot-mix asphalt with reclaimed asphalt pavement publication-title: Transp. Res. Rec. doi: 10.1177/0361198105192900105 – volume: 1115 start-page: 51 year: 1987 ident: ref_10 article-title: Rejuvenator diffusion in binder film for hot-mix recycled asphalt pavement publication-title: Transp. Res. Rec. – ident: ref_21 – volume: 25 start-page: 150 year: 2011 ident: ref_2 article-title: A study to determine the degree of partial blending of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) binder for high RAP hot mix asphalt publication-title: Constr. Build. Mater. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.06.045 – ident: ref_8 – ident: ref_12 doi: 10.3390/ma14082055 – volume: 15 start-page: 372 year: 2014 ident: ref_17 article-title: Experimental study into the fundamental understanding of blending be-tween reclaimed asphalt binder and virgin bitumen using nanoindentation and nano-computed tomography publication-title: Road Mater. Pavement Des. doi: 10.1080/14680629.2014.883322 – volume: 777 start-page: 15 year: 1980 ident: ref_9 article-title: Modifier influence in the characterization of hot-mix recycled material publication-title: Transp. Res. Rec. – volume: 10 start-page: 321 year: 2012 ident: ref_30 article-title: Właściwości wysokopemperaturowe lepiszczy asfaltowych w badaniu cyklicznego pełzania z odprężeniem (MSCR) publication-title: Drogownictwo – volume: 294 start-page: 126261 year: 2021 ident: ref_13 article-title: Quantification of the degree of blending in hot-mix asphalt (HMA) with reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) using Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX) analysis publication-title: J. Clean. Prod. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126261 – volume: 16 start-page: 21 year: 2015 ident: ref_15 article-title: Investigation on the microstructure of recycled asphalt shingle binder and its blending with virgin bitumen publication-title: Road Mater. Pavement Des. doi: 10.1080/14680629.2015.1030911 – volume: 234 start-page: 117323 year: 2020 ident: ref_6 article-title: Quantitative assessment of the parameters linked to the blending between reclaimed asphalt binder and recycling agent: A literature review publication-title: Constr. Build. Mater. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117323 – volume: 21 start-page: 2071 year: 2020 ident: ref_4 article-title: On the degree of binder activity of reclaimed asphalt and degree of blending with recycling agents publication-title: Road Mater. Pavement Des. doi: 10.1080/14680629.2019.1607537 – volume: 197 start-page: 454 year: 2019 ident: ref_5 article-title: Comparison of different blending combinations of virgin and RAP-extracted binder: Rheological simulations and statistical analysis publication-title: Constr. Build. Mater. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.11.217 – volume: 82 start-page: 184 year: 2015 ident: ref_19 article-title: Investigation on binder homogeneity of RAP/RAS mixtures through staged extraction publication-title: Constr. Build. Mater. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.02.013 – volume: 50 start-page: 517 year: 2014 ident: ref_11 article-title: Investigation of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement blending efficiency through GPC and FTIR publication-title: Constr. Build. Mater. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.10.003 – volume: 356 start-page: 012009 year: 2018 ident: ref_29 article-title: Design and verification of bituminous mixtures with the increased content of reclaimed asphalt pavement publication-title: IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/356/1/012009 – volume: 293 start-page: 126204 year: 2021 ident: ref_14 article-title: Quantitative characterize binder blending and diffusion in recycled asphalt mixture: An environmental-friendly solution using wooden cube and 3D fluorescence image technology publication-title: J. Clean. Prod. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126204 – ident: ref_22 – volume: 22 start-page: 1093 year: 2021 ident: ref_27 article-title: A practical approach to estimate the degree of binder activity of reclaimed asphalt materials publication-title: Road Mater. Pavement Des. doi: 10.1080/14680629.2019.1663244 |
| SSID | ssj0000331829 |
| Score | 2.3168054 |
| Snippet | This article discusses the phenomenon of fresh and RAP binders miscibility and presents test results of bitumen film properties from specially prepared asphalt... |
| SourceID | pubmedcentral proquest crossref |
| SourceType | Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Enrichment Source Index Database |
| StartPage | 4355 |
| SubjectTerms | Aggregates Asphalt Asphalt mixes Bitumens Blending Elastic recovery Homogeneity Laboratories Methods Miscibility Modulus of elasticity Rheological properties Rheology Shear modulus Statistical analysis Viscoelasticity Viscosity |
| Title | Homogeneity and Viscoelastic Behaviour of Bitumen Film in Asphalt Mixtures Containing RAP |
| URI | https://www.proquest.com/docview/2565380393 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2566028460 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC8401123 |
| Volume | 14 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV3fS8MwEA46X_RB_InTKRF98aHYH2m2PskmziFsiKjMp5KmFyxs7Vw38M_3bss2B-JjSUrLXXL5vuTyHWPX2vcBjB86iYHUETKNnChU0ql7gGBbyYacCWl3e7LzJp76Yd9uuJU2rXIRE2eBOi007ZHf4tKMc5Nukt6NvhyqGkWnq7aExibbwhDcQPK11XroPb8sd1ncAMesH811SQPk97dD5SEGQZAQrq9EK3i5nhz5a7Vp77FdCxN5c-7XfbYB-QHb-SUeeMg-OsWwQPcD4miu8pS_Z6UuANEwvsOt7uF0zAvDW9kEQ1DO29lgyLOcN8sRHZPzbvZNBwglJ42qeakI_tJ8PmJv7YfX-45jCyU4GgnmxFGIiZR0DV2E1giANGgjImEMlZZOBFotTCNXAHgJ4omQrr8GSiA3UNJTPqjgmFXyIocTxgVVogFdD7WfCOImRsoUNPiJa5CquVV2szBarK2KOBWzGMTIJsjA8crAVXa17Duaa2f82au2sH1s508Zr7xdZZfLZhz5dJyhciimsz4S0ZGQ-FP1NZ8tv0ba2estefY509BGXotIMzj9_-NnbNunHBZKERE1VpmMp3COIGSSXLDNRvvxwo43fHrsez9moeAo |
| linkProvider | ProQuest |
| linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1Lb9NAEB6VcoAeEE-RtpRFhQMHq856vakPFQqFkD5SIdSi9mTW61nVUmOHOlHhT_EbmfEjaSTEredde63Zmd1vPDPfALy1UiI6GXqJw9RTOo28KDTa63WRwLbRu7oi0h6d6OGZOjwPz1fgT1sLw2mV7ZlYHdRpYfkf-Q5dzWSbXEn6YfLT465RHF1tW2jUanGEv2_IZSv3Dj7R_r6TcvD5dH_oNV0FPEve2NQzBCCM9h1XDVtCCxatU5FyjvswJ4qWCNPIV4jdhC7fkGtFA6MISBvdNRJNQO-9B_dVEERsUbuDL_N_On5AFiKjmgWVxv2dsekS4iFIEi7fewswu5yKeetuGzyGRw0oFf1ai57ACuZPYe0WVeEzuBgW44KUDQm1C5On4ntW2gIJe9MzomFZnF2LwomP2ZQOvFwMsquxyHLRLycclBej7BeHK0rBjFh1Ywrxrf_1OZzdiQBfwGpe5PgShOK-N2h7oZWJYk_IaZ2iRZn4jhxDvwPvW6HFtuEs59YZVzH5LizgeCHgDmzP505qpo5_ztpsZR831lrGC93qwJv5MNkZB09MjsWsmqMJiylNH9Vb2rP5aszUvTySZ5cVYzd50YRrg_X_L_4aHgxPR8fx8cHJ0QY8lJw9w8kpahNWp9czfEXwZ5psVTon4MddK_lf0LwX1A |
| linkToPdf | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV3fb9MwED6NTkLwgPgpygYYAQ88RE0dxyUPE-rYqo6xqpoYGk-Z45xFpDXpllbb_jX-Ou6apF0lxNue7cTR-c7-Lnf3HcAHKyWik6GXOEw9pdPIi0KjvV4XCWwb_VkviLSPRnp4or6dhqcb8KepheG0yuZMXBzUaWH5H3mHrmayTa4k7bg6LWK8N_gyvfC4gxRHWpt2GpWKHOLNFblv5c7BHu31RykH-z--Dr26w4BnyTObeYbAhNG-4wpiS8jBonUqUs5xT-ZE0XJhGvkKsZvQRRxy3WhgFIFqo7tGognovfdgs0dekd-Czd390fh4-YfHD8heZFRxogZB5Hcmpkv4hwBKuH4LrqDtemLmrZtu8Bge1RBV9CudegIbmD-Fh7eIC5_Br2ExKUj1kDC8MHkqfmalLZCQOD0jas7F-aUonNjNZnT85WKQnU9Elot-OeUQvTjKrjl4UQrmx6raVIjj_vg5nNyJCF9AKy9yfAlCcRcctL3QykSxX-S0TtGiTHxHbqLfhk-N0GJbM5hzI43zmDwZFnC8EnAb3i_nTivejn_O2m5kH9e2W8YrTWvDu-UwWR2HUkyOxXwxRxMyU5o-qre2Z8vVmLd7fSTPfi_4u8mnJpQbvPr_4m_hPil4_P1gdLgFDySn0nCmitqG1uxyjq8JC82SN7XSCTi7az3_C1_SHWY |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Homogeneity+and+Viscoelastic+Behaviour+of+Bitumen+Film+in+Asphalt+Mixtures+Containing+RAP&rft.jtitle=Materials&rft.au=Liphardt%2C+Adam&rft.au=Radziszewski%2C+Piotr&rft.au=Kr%C3%B3l%2C+Jan&rft.date=2021-08-04&rft.pub=MDPI+AG&rft.eissn=1996-1944&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=16&rft.spage=4355&rft_id=info:doi/10.3390%2Fma14164355&rft.externalDBID=HAS_PDF_LINK |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1996-1944&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1996-1944&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1996-1944&client=summon |