Response of cracked simply supported concrete beam with moving vehicle load
The dynamic response of a cracked beam subjected to moving loads has been studied extensively in the past decades. However, very little is known about the dynamic impact factors and crack propagation when vehicles move along the cracked beam. It can be reasonably postulated that a crack extension ma...
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| Published in | Structural concrete : journal of the FIB Vol. 17; no. 5; pp. 875 - 882 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Berlin
Ernst & Sohn
01.12.2016
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1464-4177 1751-7648 |
| DOI | 10.1002/suco.201500138 |
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| Abstract | The dynamic response of a cracked beam subjected to moving loads has been studied extensively in the past decades. However, very little is known about the dynamic impact factors and crack propagation when vehicles move along the cracked beam. It can be reasonably postulated that a crack extension may occur when the vehicle loads cross the cracked bridge at a high speed. As a result, the dynamic response will be enlarged significantly due to the flexural rigidity reduction induced by cracks, which may result in a dangerous effect on structures. To address this problem, a three‐dimensional vehicle‐bridge model was developed to investigate the dynamic response of cracked bridges with crack breathing. Crack breathing is simulated at the crack surface using contact elements. The modified crack closure method is adopted to calculate the stress intensity factors. The results showed that the impact factors for the damaged bridge under a moving load could be notably larger than those for the intact bridge, and could exceed the value specified in the AASHTO bridge design code. Meanwhile, crack propagation may occur when the vehicles move along the cracked bridge at a high speed. So, it is very necessary to limit the velocity and transverse position of the vehicles to avoid further damage to the cracked bridge. |
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| AbstractList | The dynamic response of a cracked beam subjected to moving loads has been studied extensively in the past decades. However, very little is known about the dynamic impact factors and crack propagation when vehicles move along the cracked beam. It can be reasonably postulated that a crack extension may occur when the vehicle loads cross the cracked bridge at a high speed. As a result, the dynamic response will be enlarged significantly due to the flexural rigidity reduction induced by cracks, which may result in a dangerous effect on structures. To address this problem, a three‐dimensional vehicle‐bridge model was developed to investigate the dynamic response of cracked bridges with crack breathing. Crack breathing is simulated at the crack surface using contact elements. The modified crack closure method is adopted to calculate the stress intensity factors. The results showed that the impact factors for the damaged bridge under a moving load could be notably larger than those for the intact bridge, and could exceed the value specified in the AASHTO bridge design code. Meanwhile, crack propagation may occur when the vehicles move along the cracked bridge at a high speed. So, it is very necessary to limit the velocity and transverse position of the vehicles to avoid further damage to the cracked bridge. |
| Author | Liu, Huangin Zhou, Linyun |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Linyun surname: Zhou fullname: Zhou, Linyun email: 21105309@163.com, linyunseu@gmail.com organization: Key Laboratory of Concrete and Prestressed Concrete Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China – sequence: 2 givenname: Huangin surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Huangin email: huanginliu@gmail.com organization: Key Laboratory of Concrete and Prestressed Concrete Structures of Ministry of Education, School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, PR China |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.06.005 10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.08.013 10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943‐5592.0000764 10.1016/S0022-460X(73)80373-6 10.1023/A:1012288400397 10.1006/jsvi.1998.1640 10.1016/0013-7944(87)90220-7 10.1006/jsvi.2000.3156 10.1016/0045-7949(84)90134-2 10.4236/wjm.2011.12004 10.1016/0013-7944(77)90013-3 10.1006/jsvi.1997.1459 10.1002/eqe.4290080202 10.1680/vosasuml.35393 10.1016/j.engstruct.2004.04.007 10.1007/978-1-4684-8318-5 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2005)131:8(1277) 10.1007/BF01213564 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1992)118:12(3427) 10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0702(2006)11:2(241) 10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0000558 10.1016/0022-5096(68)90014-8 |
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| Copyright | Copyright © 2016 Ernst & Sohn Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin Copyright Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Dec 2016 |
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| References | Xu, S. L.; Jun, L. ( 2011) Study on initial cracking criterion for I-II miced mode crack and influnce of crack-depth ratio in conrete by using four-point shearing beams. In: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 42 (9) . pp. 1110-1116. Gupta, R. K.; Trail-Nash, R. W. ( 1980) Bridge dynamic loading due to road surface irregularities and braking of vehicle. In: Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics 8 (2) . pp. 83-96. Law, S. S.; Zhu, X. Q. ( 2004) Dynamic behavior of damaged concrete bridge structures under moving vehicular loads. In: Engineering Structures 26 (9) . pp. 1279-1293. Deng, L.; Cai, C. S. ( 2009) Identification of parameters of vehicles moving on bridges. In: Engineering Structures 31 (10) . pp. 2474-2485. Deng, L.; Wang, F. ( 2015) Impact factors of simply supported prestressed concrete girder bridges due to vehicle braking. In: Journal of Bridge Engineering 20 (11) . doi 10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000764, 06015002 Chondros, T. G.; Dimarogonas, A. D.; Yao, J. ( 1998) A continuous cracked beam vibration theory. In: Journal of Sound and Vibration 215 (1) . pp. 17-34. Law, S.; Zhu, X. Q. ( 2005) Nonlinear characteristics of damaged concrete structures under vehicular load. In: Journal of Structural Engineering 131 (8) . pp. 1277-1285. Lee, H. P.; Ng. T. Y. ( 1994) Dynamic response of a cracked beam subject to a moving load. In: Acta Mechanica 106 (3) . pp. 221-230. Mahmoud, M. A. ( 2001) Stress intensity factors for single and double edge cracks in a simple beam subject to a moving load. In: International Journal of Fracture 111 (2) . pp. 151-161. Dodds, C. J.; Robson, J. D. ( 1973) The description of road surface roughness. In: Journal of Sound and Vibration 31 (2) . pp. 175-183. Yu Y. Z.; Zhang, Y. Q.; Cao, J. G.; Guo, G. L. ( 1982) Analysis and test on the criterion of combined mode fracture (Mode I and II) in concrete. In: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 6 (7) . pp. 27-37. Huang, D.; Wang, T. L.; Shahawy, M. ( 1992) Impact analysis of continuous multigirder bridges due to moving vehicles. In: Journal of Structural Engineering 118 (12) . pp. 3427-3443. Henchi, K.; Fafard, M.; Talbot, M.; Dhatt, G. ( 1998) An efficient algorithm for dynamic analysis of bridges under moving vehicles using a coupled modal and physical components approach. In: Journal of Sound and Vibration 212 (4) . pp. 663-683. Liu, M. H.; Wang, X. D. ( 2013) Research on fracture energy of mixed mode crack in concrete and its criteria. In: Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering 33 (2) . pp. 174-178. Brady, S. P., Brien E. J., Znidaric, A. ( 2006) Effect of vehicle velocity on the dynamic amplification of a vehicle crossing a simply supported bridge. In: Journal of Bridge Engineering 11 (2) . pp. 241-249. Hutchinson, J. W. ( 1968) Singular behaviour at the end of a tensile crack in a hardening material. In: Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 16 (1) . pp. 13-31. Raju, I. S. ( 1987) Calculation of strain-energy release rates with higher order and singular finite elements. In: Engineering Fracture Mechanics 28 (3) . pp. 251-274. Anifantis, N.; Dimarogonas, A. D. ( 1984) Post buckling behavior of transverse cracked columns. In: Computers and Structures 18 (2) . pp. 351-356. Chondros, T. G.; Dimarogonas, A. D.; Yao, J. ( 2001) Vibration of a beam with breathing crack. In: Journal of Sound and Vibration 239 (1) . pp. 57-67. Rybicki, E. F.; Kanninen, M. F. ( 1977) A finite element calculation of stress intensity factors by a modified crack closure integral. In: Engineering Fracture Mechanics 9 (4) . pp. 931-938. Deng, L.; Cai, C. S. ( 2010) Development of dynamic impact factors for performance evaluation of existing multi-girder concrete bridges. In: Engineering Structure 32 (1) . pp. 21-31. Salwan, O. W.; Nawras, H. M.; Dhyai, H. J. ( 2011) Nonlinear dynamic characteristics of a simple blade with breathing crack using Ansys software. In: World Journal of Mechanics 1 (2) . pp. 21-30. Pala, Y.; Reis, M. ( 2013) Dynamic response of a cracked beam under a moving mass load. In: Journal of Engineering Mechanics 139 (9) . pp. 1229-1238. 2010; 32 1973; 31 2005; 131 2011; 1 2006; 11 2004; 26 2006 1995 1998; 215 1998; 212 1977 1999 2001; 111 1989; 12 1994; 106 1968; 16 2009; 31 2013; 33 2015; 20 1982; 6 2013; 139 2011; 42 1980; 8 1992; 118 1984; 18 2001; 239 1977; 9 1987; 28 e_1_2_1_20_1 e_1_2_1_23_1 e_1_2_1_21_1 e_1_2_1_22_1 Xu S. L. (e_1_2_1_25_1) 2011; 42 e_1_2_1_27_1 e_1_2_1_28_1 e_1_2_1_29_1 Yu Y. Z. (e_1_2_1_26_1) 1982; 6 e_1_2_1_7_1 e_1_2_1_31_1 e_1_2_1_8_1 e_1_2_1_30_1 e_1_2_1_5_1 e_1_2_1_6_1 e_1_2_1_3_1 e_1_2_1_12_1 e_1_2_1_4_1 e_1_2_1_13_1 e_1_2_1_10_1 e_1_2_1_2_1 e_1_2_1_11_1 e_1_2_1_16_1 Liu M. H. (e_1_2_1_24_1) 2013; 33 e_1_2_1_17_1 e_1_2_1_14_1 e_1_2_1_15_1 e_1_2_1_9_1 e_1_2_1_18_1 e_1_2_1_19_1 |
| References_xml | – reference: Chondros, T. G.; Dimarogonas, A. D.; Yao, J. ( 1998) A continuous cracked beam vibration theory. In: Journal of Sound and Vibration 215 (1) . pp. 17-34. – reference: Deng, L.; Wang, F. ( 2015) Impact factors of simply supported prestressed concrete girder bridges due to vehicle braking. In: Journal of Bridge Engineering 20 (11) . doi 10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000764, 06015002 – reference: Brady, S. P., Brien E. J., Znidaric, A. ( 2006) Effect of vehicle velocity on the dynamic amplification of a vehicle crossing a simply supported bridge. In: Journal of Bridge Engineering 11 (2) . pp. 241-249. – reference: Deng, L.; Cai, C. S. ( 2009) Identification of parameters of vehicles moving on bridges. In: Engineering Structures 31 (10) . pp. 2474-2485. – reference: Law, S.; Zhu, X. Q. ( 2005) Nonlinear characteristics of damaged concrete structures under vehicular load. In: Journal of Structural Engineering 131 (8) . pp. 1277-1285. – reference: Salwan, O. W.; Nawras, H. M.; Dhyai, H. J. ( 2011) Nonlinear dynamic characteristics of a simple blade with breathing crack using Ansys software. In: World Journal of Mechanics 1 (2) . pp. 21-30. – reference: Huang, D.; Wang, T. L.; Shahawy, M. ( 1992) Impact analysis of continuous multigirder bridges due to moving vehicles. In: Journal of Structural Engineering 118 (12) . pp. 3427-3443. – reference: Deng, L.; Cai, C. S. ( 2010) Development of dynamic impact factors for performance evaluation of existing multi-girder concrete bridges. In: Engineering Structure 32 (1) . pp. 21-31. – reference: Chondros, T. G.; Dimarogonas, A. D.; Yao, J. ( 2001) Vibration of a beam with breathing crack. In: Journal of Sound and Vibration 239 (1) . pp. 57-67. – reference: Law, S. S.; Zhu, X. Q. ( 2004) Dynamic behavior of damaged concrete bridge structures under moving vehicular loads. In: Engineering Structures 26 (9) . pp. 1279-1293. – reference: Pala, Y.; Reis, M. ( 2013) Dynamic response of a cracked beam under a moving mass load. In: Journal of Engineering Mechanics 139 (9) . pp. 1229-1238. – reference: Mahmoud, M. A. ( 2001) Stress intensity factors for single and double edge cracks in a simple beam subject to a moving load. In: International Journal of Fracture 111 (2) . pp. 151-161. – reference: Lee, H. P.; Ng. T. Y. ( 1994) Dynamic response of a cracked beam subject to a moving load. In: Acta Mechanica 106 (3) . pp. 221-230. – reference: Liu, M. H.; Wang, X. D. ( 2013) Research on fracture energy of mixed mode crack in concrete and its criteria. In: Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering 33 (2) . pp. 174-178. – reference: Raju, I. S. ( 1987) Calculation of strain-energy release rates with higher order and singular finite elements. In: Engineering Fracture Mechanics 28 (3) . pp. 251-274. – reference: Gupta, R. K.; Trail-Nash, R. W. ( 1980) Bridge dynamic loading due to road surface irregularities and braking of vehicle. In: Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics 8 (2) . pp. 83-96. – reference: Henchi, K.; Fafard, M.; Talbot, M.; Dhatt, G. ( 1998) An efficient algorithm for dynamic analysis of bridges under moving vehicles using a coupled modal and physical components approach. In: Journal of Sound and Vibration 212 (4) . pp. 663-683. – reference: Xu, S. L.; Jun, L. ( 2011) Study on initial cracking criterion for I-II miced mode crack and influnce of crack-depth ratio in conrete by using four-point shearing beams. In: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 42 (9) . pp. 1110-1116. – reference: Anifantis, N.; Dimarogonas, A. D. ( 1984) Post buckling behavior of transverse cracked columns. In: Computers and Structures 18 (2) . pp. 351-356. – reference: Dodds, C. J.; Robson, J. D. ( 1973) The description of road surface roughness. In: Journal of Sound and Vibration 31 (2) . pp. 175-183. – reference: Hutchinson, J. W. ( 1968) Singular behaviour at the end of a tensile crack in a hardening material. In: Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 16 (1) . pp. 13-31. – reference: Yu Y. Z.; Zhang, Y. Q.; Cao, J. G.; Guo, G. L. ( 1982) Analysis and test on the criterion of combined mode fracture (Mode I and II) in concrete. In: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 6 (7) . pp. 27-37. – reference: Rybicki, E. F.; Kanninen, M. F. ( 1977) A finite element calculation of stress intensity factors by a modified crack closure integral. In: Engineering Fracture Mechanics 9 (4) . pp. 931-938. – volume: 9 start-page: 931 issue: 4 year: 1977 end-page: 938 article-title: A finite element calculation of stress intensity factors by a modified crack closure integral publication-title: Engineering Fracture Mechanics – volume: 139 start-page: 1229 issue: 9 year: 2013 end-page: 1238 article-title: Dynamic response of a cracked beam under a moving mass load publication-title: Journal of Engineering Mechanics – volume: 31 start-page: 2474 issue: 10 year: 2009 end-page: 2485 article-title: Identification of parameters of vehicles moving on bridges publication-title: Engineering Structures – volume: 20 issue: 11 year: 2015 article-title: Impact factors of simply supported prestressed concrete girder bridges due to vehicle braking publication-title: Journal of Bridge Engineering – volume: 18 start-page: 351 issue: 2 year: 1984 end-page: 356 article-title: Post buckling behavior of transverse cracked columns publication-title: Computers and Structures – volume: 8 start-page: 83 issue: 2 year: 1980 end-page: 96 article-title: Bridge dynamic loading due to road surface irregularities and braking of vehicle publication-title: Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics – volume: 118 start-page: 3427 issue: 12 year: 1992 end-page: 3443 article-title: Impact analysis of continuous multigirder bridges due to moving vehicles publication-title: Journal of Structural Engineering – volume: 16 start-page: 13 issue: 1 year: 1968 end-page: 31 article-title: Singular behaviour at the end of a tensile crack in a hardening material publication-title: Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids – volume: 212 start-page: 663 issue: 4 year: 1998 end-page: 683 article-title: An efficient algorithm for dynamic analysis of bridges under moving vehicles using a coupled modal and physical components approach publication-title: Journal of Sound and Vibration – volume: 42 start-page: 1110 issue: 9 year: 2011 end-page: 1116 article-title: Study on initial cracking criterion for I‐II miced mode crack and influnce of crack‐depth ratio in conrete by using four‐point shearing beams publication-title: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering – volume: 32 start-page: 21 issue: 1 year: 2010 end-page: 31 article-title: Development of dynamic impact factors for performance evaluation of existing multi‐girder concrete bridges publication-title: Engineering Structure – year: 1977 – volume: 31 start-page: 175 issue: 2 year: 1973 end-page: 183 article-title: The description of road surface roughness publication-title: Journal of Sound and Vibration – volume: 239 start-page: 57 issue: 1 year: 2001 end-page: 67 article-title: Vibration of a beam with breathing crack publication-title: Journal of Sound and Vibration – volume: 6 start-page: 27 issue: 7 year: 1982 end-page: 37 article-title: Analysis and test on the criterion of combined mode fracture (Mode I and II) in concrete publication-title: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering – volume: 1 start-page: 21 issue: 2 year: 2011 end-page: 30 article-title: Nonlinear dynamic characteristics of a simple blade with breathing crack using Ansys software publication-title: World Journal of Mechanics – start-page: 44 year: 1977 end-page: 50 – volume: 12 start-page: 17 year: 1989 end-page: 20 – volume: 131 start-page: 1277 issue: 8 year: 2005 end-page: 1285 article-title: Nonlinear characteristics of damaged concrete structures under vehicular load publication-title: Journal of Structural Engineering – volume: 26 start-page: 1279 issue: 9 year: 2004 end-page: 1293 article-title: Dynamic behavior of damaged concrete bridge structures under moving vehicular loads publication-title: Engineering Structures – year: 2006 – volume: 106 start-page: 221 issue: 3 year: 1994 end-page: 230 article-title: Dynamic response of a cracked beam subject to a moving load publication-title: Acta Mechanica – year: 1995 – volume: 33 start-page: 174 issue: 2 year: 2013 end-page: 178 article-title: Research on fracture energy of mixed mode crack in concrete and its criteria publication-title: Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering – volume: 11 start-page: 241 issue: 2 year: 2006 end-page: 249 article-title: Effect of vehicle velocity on the dynamic amplification of a vehicle crossing a simply supported bridge publication-title: Journal of Bridge Engineering – volume: 215 start-page: 17 issue: 1 year: 1998 end-page: 34 article-title: A continuous cracked beam vibration theory publication-title: Journal of Sound and Vibration – volume: 111 start-page: 151 issue: 2 year: 2001 end-page: 161 article-title: Stress intensity factors for single and double edge cracks in a simple beam subject to a moving load publication-title: International Journal of Fracture – volume: 28 start-page: 251 issue: 3 year: 1987 end-page: 274 article-title: Calculation of strain‐energy release rates with higher order and singular finite elements publication-title: Engineering Fracture Mechanics – year: 1999 – ident: e_1_2_1_27_1 doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.06.005 – ident: e_1_2_1_5_1 doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.08.013 – ident: e_1_2_1_9_1 doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943‐5592.0000764 – ident: e_1_2_1_21_1 doi: 10.1016/S0022-460X(73)80373-6 – ident: e_1_2_1_16_1 doi: 10.1023/A:1012288400397 – ident: e_1_2_1_14_1 doi: 10.1006/jsvi.1998.1640 – ident: e_1_2_1_30_1 doi: 10.1016/0013-7944(87)90220-7 – ident: e_1_2_1_15_1 doi: 10.1006/jsvi.2000.3156 – ident: e_1_2_1_11_1 doi: 10.1016/0045-7949(84)90134-2 – volume: 6 start-page: 27 issue: 7 year: 1982 ident: e_1_2_1_26_1 article-title: Analysis and test on the criterion of combined mode fracture (Mode I and II) in concrete publication-title: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering – ident: e_1_2_1_28_1 doi: 10.4236/wjm.2011.12004 – ident: e_1_2_1_29_1 doi: 10.1016/0013-7944(77)90013-3 – ident: e_1_2_1_6_1 doi: 10.1006/jsvi.1997.1459 – ident: e_1_2_1_3_1 doi: 10.1002/eqe.4290080202 – ident: e_1_2_1_7_1 doi: 10.1680/vosasuml.35393 – volume: 42 start-page: 1110 issue: 9 year: 2011 ident: e_1_2_1_25_1 article-title: Study on initial cracking criterion for I‐II miced mode crack and influnce of crack‐depth ratio in conrete by using four‐point shearing beams publication-title: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering – ident: e_1_2_1_12_1 – ident: e_1_2_1_17_1 doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2004.04.007 – volume: 33 start-page: 174 issue: 2 year: 2013 ident: e_1_2_1_24_1 article-title: Research on fracture energy of mixed mode crack in concrete and its criteria publication-title: Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering – ident: e_1_2_1_20_1 doi: 10.1007/978-1-4684-8318-5 – ident: e_1_2_1_18_1 doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2005)131:8(1277) – ident: e_1_2_1_22_1 – ident: e_1_2_1_13_1 doi: 10.1007/BF01213564 – ident: e_1_2_1_8_1 – ident: e_1_2_1_2_1 – ident: e_1_2_1_4_1 doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1992)118:12(3427) – ident: e_1_2_1_31_1 doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0702(2006)11:2(241) – ident: 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| Snippet | The dynamic response of a cracked beam subjected to moving loads has been studied extensively in the past decades. However, very little is known about the... |
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| SubjectTerms | crack propagation cracked beam dynamic response impact factors stress intensity factor vehicle-bridge model |
| Title | Response of cracked simply supported concrete beam with moving vehicle load |
| URI | https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-JTHFX479-N/fulltext.pdf https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002%2Fsuco.201500138 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1854196027 |
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