EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF PRECURSORS TO SEVERE PROBLEM BEHAVIOR
Some individuals engage in both mild and severe forms of problem behavior. Research has shown that when mild behaviors precede severe behaviors (i.e., the mild behaviors serve as precursors), they can (a) be maintained by the same source of reinforcement as severe behavior and (b) reduce rates of se...
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| Published in | Journal of applied behavior analysis Vol. 46; no. 1; pp. 101 - 129 |
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| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.03.2013
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Some individuals engage in both mild and severe forms of problem behavior. Research has shown that when mild behaviors precede severe behaviors (i.e., the mild behaviors serve as precursors), they can (a) be maintained by the same source of reinforcement as severe behavior and (b) reduce rates of severe behavior observed during assessment. In Study 1, we developed an objective checklist to identify precursors via videotaped trials for 16 subjects who engaged in problem behavior and identified at least 1 precursor for every subject. In Study 2, we conducted separate functional analyses of precursor and severe problem behaviors for 8 subjects, and obtained correspondence between outcomes in 7 cases. In Study 3, we evaluated noncontingent reinforcement schedule thinning plus differential reinforcement of alternative behavior to reduce precursors, increase appropriate behavior, and maintain low rates of severe behavior during 3 treatment analyses for 2 subjects. Results showed that this treatment strategy was effective for behaviors maintained by positive and negative reinforcement. |
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| AbstractList | Some individuals engage in both mild and severe forms of problem behavior. Research has shown that when mild behaviors precede severe behaviors (i.e., the mild behaviors serve as precursors), they can (a) be maintained by the same source of reinforcement as severe behavior and (b) reduce rates of severe behavior observed during assessment. In Study 1, we developed an objective checklist to identify precursors via videotaped trials for 16 subjects who engaged in problem behavior and identified at least 1 precursor for every subject. In Study 2, we conducted separate functional analyses of precursor and severe problem behaviors for 8 subjects, and obtained correspondence between outcomes in 7 cases. In Study 3, we evaluated noncontingent reinforcement schedule thinning plus differential reinforcement of alternative behavior to reduce precursors, increase appropriate behavior, and maintain low rates of severe behavior during 3 treatment analyses for 2 subjects. Results showed that this treatment strategy was effective for behaviors maintained by positive and negative reinforcement. Some individuals engage in both mild and severe forms of problem behavior. Research has shown that when mild behaviors precede severe behaviors (i.e., the mild behaviors serve as precursors), they can (a) be maintained by the same source of reinforcement as severe behavior and (b) reduce rates of severe behavior observed during assessment. In Study 1, we developed an objective checklist to identify precursors via videotaped trials for 16 subjects who engaged in problem behavior and identified at least 1 precursor for every subject. In Study 2, we conducted separate functional analyses of precursor and severe problem behaviors for 8 subjects, and obtained correspondence between outcomes in 7 cases. In Study 3, we evaluated noncontingent reinforcement schedule thinning plus differential reinforcement of alternative behavior to reduce precursors, increase appropriate behavior, and maintain low rates of severe behavior during 3 treatment analyses for 2 subjects. Results showed that this treatment strategy was effective for behaviors maintained by positive and negative reinforcement.Some individuals engage in both mild and severe forms of problem behavior. Research has shown that when mild behaviors precede severe behaviors (i.e., the mild behaviors serve as precursors), they can (a) be maintained by the same source of reinforcement as severe behavior and (b) reduce rates of severe behavior observed during assessment. In Study 1, we developed an objective checklist to identify precursors via videotaped trials for 16 subjects who engaged in problem behavior and identified at least 1 precursor for every subject. In Study 2, we conducted separate functional analyses of precursor and severe problem behaviors for 8 subjects, and obtained correspondence between outcomes in 7 cases. In Study 3, we evaluated noncontingent reinforcement schedule thinning plus differential reinforcement of alternative behavior to reduce precursors, increase appropriate behavior, and maintain low rates of severe behavior during 3 treatment analyses for 2 subjects. Results showed that this treatment strategy was effective for behaviors maintained by positive and negative reinforcement. Some individuals engage in both mild and severe forms of problem behavior. Research has shown that when mild behaviors precede severe behaviors (i.e., the mild behaviors serve as precursors), they can (a) be maintained by the same source of reinforcement as severe behavior and (b) reduce rates of severe behavior observed during assessment. In Study 1, we developed an objective checklist to identify precursors via videotaped trials for 16 subjects who engaged in problem behavior and identified at least 1 precursor for every subject. In Study 2, we conducted separate functional analyses of precursor and severe problem behaviors for 8 subjects, and obtained correspondence between outcomes in 7 cases. In Study 3, we evaluated noncontingent reinforcement schedule thinning plus differential reinforcement of alternative behavior to reduce precursors, increase appropriate behavior, and maintain low rates of severe behavior during 3 treatment analyses for 2 subjects. Results showed that this treatment strategy was effective for behaviors maintained by positive and negative reinforcement. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] |
| Author | Hammond, Jennifer L. Iwata, Brian A. Bloom, Sarah E. Fritz, Jennifer N. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jennifer N. surname: Fritz fullname: Fritz, Jennifer N. email: fritzj@uhcl.edu organization: UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON-CLEAR LAKE – sequence: 2 givenname: Brian A. surname: Iwata fullname: Iwata, Brian A. organization: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA – sequence: 3 givenname: Jennifer L. surname: Hammond fullname: Hammond, Jennifer L. organization: STANFORD UNIVERSITY – sequence: 4 givenname: Sarah E. surname: Bloom fullname: Bloom, Sarah E. organization: UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24114089$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 25, 491-498. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1992.25-491 1982; 37 1996; 29 2009; 42 2000; 33 2002; 35 1971; 15 2003; 36 2011; 44 1999; 32 1994; 27 2008; 32 1992; 25 2008; 41 2005; 26 2012; 45 e_1_2_6_21_1 e_1_2_6_10_1 e_1_2_6_20_1 e_1_2_6_9_1 e_1_2_6_8_1 e_1_2_6_19_1 e_1_2_6_5_1 e_1_2_6_4_1 e_1_2_6_7_1 e_1_2_6_6_1 e_1_2_6_13_1 e_1_2_6_14_1 e_1_2_6_3_1 e_1_2_6_11_1 e_1_2_6_2_1 e_1_2_6_12_1 e_1_2_6_22_1 e_1_2_6_17_1 e_1_2_6_18_1 e_1_2_6_15_1 e_1_2_6_16_1 |
| References_xml | – reference: Herscovitch, B., Roscoe, E. M., Libby, M. E., Bourret, J. C., & Ahearn, W. H. (2009). A procedure for identifying precursors to problem behavior. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 42, 697-702. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2009.42-697 – reference: Catania, A. C. (1971). Reinforcement schedules: The role of responses preceding the one that produces the reinforcer. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 15, 271-287. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1971.15-271 – reference: Hagopian, L. P., Paclawskyj, T. R., & Kuhn, S. C. (2005). The use of conditional probability analysis to identify a response chain leading to the occurrence of eye poking. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 26, 393-397. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2003.09.002 – reference: Borrero, C. S. W., & Borrero, J. C. (2008). Descriptive and experimental analyses of potential precursors to problem behavior. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 41, 83-96. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2008.41-83 – reference: Iwata, B. 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analysis to identify a response chain leading to the occurrence of eye poking publication-title: Research in Developmental Disabilities – volume: 27 start-page: 197 year: 1994 end-page: 209 article-title: Toward a functional analysis of self‐injury publication-title: Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis – volume: 41 start-page: 83 year: 2008 end-page: 96 article-title: Descriptive and experimental analyses of potential precursors to problem behavior publication-title: Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis – volume: 45 start-page: 361 year: 2012 end-page: 374 article-title: Progressing from identification and functional analysis of precursor behavior to treatment of self‐injurious behavior publication-title: Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis – volume: 27 start-page: 215 year: 1994 end-page: 240 article-title: The functions of self‐injurious behavior: An experimental‐epidemiological analysis publication-title: Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis – volume: 29 start-page: 519 year: 1996 end-page: 533 article-title: Evaluation of a multiple‐stimulus presentation format for assessing reinforcer preferences publication-title: Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis – volume: 15 start-page: 271 year: 1971 end-page: 287 article-title: Reinforcement schedules: The role of responses preceding the one that produces the reinforcer publication-title: Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior – volume: 41 start-page: 15 year: 2008 end-page: 24 article-title: Utility of extinction‐induced response variability for the selection of mands publication-title: Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis – volume: 36 start-page: 147 year: 2003 end-page: 185 article-title: Functional analysis of problem behavior: A review publication-title: Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis – volume: 32 start-page: 269 year: 1999 end-page: 283 article-title: Further analysis of problem behavior in response class hierarchies publication-title: Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis – volume: 44 start-page: 993 year: 2011 end-page: 997 article-title: Topographical and functional properties of precursors to severe problem behavior publication-title: Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis – volume: 33 start-page: 195 year: 2000 end-page: 205 article-title: Competition between noncontingent and contingent reinforcement schedules during response acquisition publication-title: Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis – volume: 35 start-page: 125 year: 2002 end-page: 135 article-title: Identification of environmental determinants of behavior disorders through functional analysis of precursor behaviors publication-title: Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis – volume: 25 start-page: 491 year: 1992 end-page: 498 article-title: A comparison of two approaches for identifying reinforcers for persons with severe and profound disabilities publication-title: Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis – volume: 37 start-page: 149 year: 1982 end-page: 155 article-title: Distinguishing between discriminative and motivational functions of stimuli publication-title: Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior – volume: 32 start-page: 175 year: 1999 end-page: 183 article-title: Effects of session duration on functional analysis outcomes publication-title: Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis – volume: 41 start-page: 97 year: 2008 end-page: 105 article-title: Functional analyses and treatment of precursor behavior publication-title: Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis – ident: e_1_2_6_9_1 doi: 10.1901/jaba.2008.41‐15 – ident: e_1_2_6_5_1 doi: 10.1901/jaba.2012.45-361 – ident: e_1_2_6_8_1 doi: 10.1901/jaba.2000.33‐195 – ident: e_1_2_6_10_1 doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2003.09.002 – ident: e_1_2_6_21_1 doi: 10.1901/jaba.2002.35‐125 – ident: e_1_2_6_15_1 doi: 10.1177/0145445508317943 – ident: e_1_2_6_19_1 doi: 10.1901/jaba.2008.41‐97 – ident: e_1_2_6_2_1 doi: 10.1901/jaba.2008.41‐83 – ident: e_1_2_6_18_1 doi: 10.1901/jeab.1982.37‐149 – ident: e_1_2_6_7_1 doi: 10.1901/jaba.1992.25‐491 – ident: 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| SubjectTerms | Adolescent Behavior Behavior disorders Behavior Problems Behavior Therapy Behavioral Symptoms - psychology Behavioral Symptoms - therapy Caregivers Child Child, Preschool Children & youth differential reinforcement Families & family life Female functional analysis Humans Intervention Male Middle Aged Negative Reinforcement noncontingent reinforcement Outcome Assessment (Health Care) precursor behavior Probability Reinforcement (Psychology) response hierarchy Self Destructive Behavior Special education Teenagers Therapists Young Adult |
| Title | EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF PRECURSORS TO SEVERE PROBLEM BEHAVIOR |
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