Patterns of premenstrual syndrome in collegiate women: A cross-sectional study
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) has a wide variety of symptoms. The classification of these symptoms into several patterns is useful for more effective tailor-made treatment. Therefore, our study aimed to examine the patterns of PMS by analyzing multiple factors to identify the characteristics of each p...
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| Published in | Medicine (Baltimore) Vol. 101; no. 35; p. e30186 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Hagerstown, MD
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
02.09.2022
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) has a wide variety of symptoms. The classification of these symptoms into several patterns is useful for more effective tailor-made treatment. Therefore, our study aimed to examine the patterns of PMS by analyzing multiple factors to identify the characteristics of each pattern. This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 165 women (18.9 ± 1.0 years) were investigated by using of questionnaire about PMS, nutrition, physical activity, and other lifestyle traits. Then, the factor analysis was performed to classify the premenstrual symptoms, that is, the pattern of PMS. Additionally, logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the characteristics of each pattern, adjusted for age, body mass index, sleep duration, and caffeine intake. As the result, PMS was classified into 3 patterns. The type related to psychological symptoms such as depression, physiological symptoms, such as abdominal pain, and intermingled type, were labeled as affected, somatic, and mixed types, respectively. From the result of logistic regression analysis, self-rating depression scale scoring was marginally associated with affective type (odds ratio [OR]: 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.99-1.16), physical activity was significantly associated with the mixed type (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.00-1.28), and physical activity (OR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.05-1.36) and some nutrients (OR: 0.56-1.00) were significantly associated with the somatic type. Understanding PMS and management of these complicated symptoms has been difficult. From the results of this study, the complicated symptoms were categorized into simpler patterns. Our findings may contribute to the understanding and possible management adjusted for each categorized case of PMS. |
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| AbstractList | Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) has a wide variety of symptoms. The classification of these symptoms into several patterns is useful for more effective tailor-made treatment. Therefore, our study aimed to examine the patterns of PMS by analyzing multiple factors to identify the characteristics of each pattern. This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 165 women (18.9 ± 1.0 years) were investigated by using of questionnaire about PMS, nutrition, physical activity, and other lifestyle traits. Then, the factor analysis was performed to classify the premenstrual symptoms, that is, the pattern of PMS. Additionally, logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the characteristics of each pattern, adjusted for age, body mass index, sleep duration, and caffeine intake. As the result, PMS was classified into 3 patterns. The type related to psychological symptoms such as depression, physiological symptoms, such as abdominal pain, and intermingled type, were labeled as affected, somatic, and mixed types, respectively. From the result of logistic regression analysis, self-rating depression scale scoring was marginally associated with affective type (odds ratio [OR]: 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.99-1.16), physical activity was significantly associated with the mixed type (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.00-1.28), and physical activity (OR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.05-1.36) and some nutrients (OR: 0.56-1.00) were significantly associated with the somatic type. Understanding PMS and management of these complicated symptoms has been difficult. From the results of this study, the complicated symptoms were categorized into simpler patterns. Our findings may contribute to the understanding and possible management adjusted for each categorized case of PMS. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) has a wide variety of symptoms. The classification of these symptoms into several patterns is useful for more effective tailor-made treatment. Therefore, our study aimed to examine the patterns of PMS by analyzing multiple factors to identify the characteristics of each pattern. This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 165 women (18.9 ± 1.0 years) were investigated by using of questionnaire about PMS, nutrition, physical activity, and other lifestyle traits. Then, the factor analysis was performed to classify the premenstrual symptoms, that is, the pattern of PMS. Additionally, logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the characteristics of each pattern, adjusted for age, body mass index, sleep duration, and caffeine intake. As the result, PMS was classified into 3 patterns. The type related to psychological symptoms such as depression, physiological symptoms, such as abdominal pain, and intermingled type, were labeled as affected, somatic, and mixed types, respectively. From the result of logistic regression analysis, self-rating depression scale scoring was marginally associated with affective type (odds ratio [OR]: 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.99-1.16), physical activity was significantly associated with the mixed type (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.00-1.28), and physical activity (OR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.05-1.36) and some nutrients (OR: 0.56-1.00) were significantly associated with the somatic type. Understanding PMS and management of these complicated symptoms has been difficult. From the results of this study, the complicated symptoms were categorized into simpler patterns. Our findings may contribute to the understanding and possible management adjusted for each categorized case of PMS.Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) has a wide variety of symptoms. The classification of these symptoms into several patterns is useful for more effective tailor-made treatment. Therefore, our study aimed to examine the patterns of PMS by analyzing multiple factors to identify the characteristics of each pattern. This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 165 women (18.9 ± 1.0 years) were investigated by using of questionnaire about PMS, nutrition, physical activity, and other lifestyle traits. Then, the factor analysis was performed to classify the premenstrual symptoms, that is, the pattern of PMS. Additionally, logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the characteristics of each pattern, adjusted for age, body mass index, sleep duration, and caffeine intake. As the result, PMS was classified into 3 patterns. The type related to psychological symptoms such as depression, physiological symptoms, such as abdominal pain, and intermingled type, were labeled as affected, somatic, and mixed types, respectively. From the result of logistic regression analysis, self-rating depression scale scoring was marginally associated with affective type (odds ratio [OR]: 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.99-1.16), physical activity was significantly associated with the mixed type (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.00-1.28), and physical activity (OR: 1.20, 95% CI: 1.05-1.36) and some nutrients (OR: 0.56-1.00) were significantly associated with the somatic type. Understanding PMS and management of these complicated symptoms has been difficult. From the results of this study, the complicated symptoms were categorized into simpler patterns. Our findings may contribute to the understanding and possible management adjusted for each categorized case of PMS. |
| Author | Yokota, Isao Aoyama, Tomoki Hirata, Hinako Morino, Saori Matsumoto, Daisuke |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Saori orcidid: 0000-0001-9264-8290 surname: Morino fullname: Morino, Saori email: morino@rehab.osakafu-u.ac.jp organization: Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University, Habikino-shi, Osaka, Japan – sequence: 2 givenname: Hinako surname: Hirata fullname: Hirata, Hinako email: hinako.qshuno1@gmail.com organization: Department of Physical Therapy, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan – sequence: 3 givenname: Daisuke surname: Matsumoto fullname: Matsumoto, Daisuke email: d.matsumoto@kio.ac.jp organization: Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kio University, Nara, Japan – sequence: 4 givenname: Isao surname: Yokota fullname: Yokota, Isao email: yokotai@med.hokudai.ac.jp organization: Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan – sequence: 5 givenname: Tomoki surname: Aoyama fullname: Aoyama, Tomoki email: aoyama.tomoki.4e@kyoto-u.ac.jp organization: Department of Physical Therapy, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan |
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| Issue | 35 |
| Keywords | menstruation disturbances affective symptom patterns pattern somatic premenstrual syndrome women |
| Language | English |
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial License 4.0 (CCBY-NC), where it is permissible to download, share, remix, transform, and buildup the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be used commercially without permission from the journal. |
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| Notes | Received: 22 April 2022 / Received in final form: 1 July 2022 / Accepted: 8 July 2022 How to cite this article: Morino S, Hirata H, Matsumoto D, Yokota I, Aoyama T. Patterns of premenstrual syndrome in collegiate women: A cross-sectional study. Medicine 2022;101:35(e30186). The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Supplemental Digital Content is available for this article. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose. *Correspondence: Saori Morino, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University, 3-7-30 Habikino, Habikino-shi, Osaka 583-8555, Japan (e-mail: morino@rehab.osakafu-u.ac.jp). ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
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| Title | Patterns of premenstrual syndrome in collegiate women: A cross-sectional study |
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