Water relations of cut roses [Rosa] influenced by vapor pressure deficits and temperatures
Freshly harvested 'Bridal Pink' roses (Rosa hybrida L.), with their stem bases in test tubes containing deionized water, were placed in a glass tank and held in a controlled environment room at 14, 20, or 30°C. The vapor pressure deficit (VPD) in the tank was maintained at nearly 0 kPa (no...
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Published in | Engei Gakkai zasshi Vol. 69; no. 5; pp. 584 - 589 |
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Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE
01.09.2000
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Abstract | Freshly harvested 'Bridal Pink' roses (Rosa hybrida L.), with their stem bases in test tubes containing deionized water, were placed in a glass tank and held in a controlled environment room at 14, 20, or 30°C. The vapor pressure deficit (VPD) in the tank was maintained at nearly 0 kPa (no VPD : NVPD) or 0.9 kPa (intermediate VPD : IVPD). At all temperatures and VPDs, the fresh weight of cut roses increased initially and then decreased ; the decrease occurred earlier in IVPD than in NVPD and at higher temperatures. Necks of all flowers placed in IVPD became bent within 48, 144, and 312 hr of postharvest at 30, 20, and 14°C, respectively ; whereas, bent neck did not develop in NVPD. Irrespective of temperature, transpiration and water uptake rates of the roses placed in IVPD were markedly higher than those in NVPD. In IVPD, these rates increased initially, but decreased after 48, 72, and 96 hr at 30, 20, and 14°C, respectively. Petal water potential gradually decreased during the first 36 hr at 30°C in IVPD, but did not change at 14°C. The osmotic potential increased with time and was higher at 30°C than at 14°C. Fructose, glucose, and sucrose were the major sugars in petals. Concentrations of these sugars decreased during the first 36 hr, the decrease being greater at 30°C than at 14°C. The contribution of these sugars to the petal osmotic potentials was only 10%. These data indicate that the water relations of cut roses, immediately after harvest, was greatly influenced by high VPD by hastening the transpiration rate, and subsequently by increasing temperature through rise in the osmotic potential which was partly attributable to the consumption of respiratory substrate. |
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AbstractList | Freshly harvested 'Bridal Pink' roses (Rosa hybrida L.), with their stem bases in test tubes containing deionized water, were placed in a glass tank and held in a controlled environment room at 14, 20, or 30°C. The vapor pressure deficit (VPD) in the tank was maintained at nearly 0 kPa (no VPD : NVPD) or 0.9 kPa (intermediate VPD : IVPD). At all temperatures and VPDs, the fresh weight of cut roses increased initially and then decreased ; the decrease occurred earlier in IVPD than in NVPD and at higher temperatures. Necks of all flowers placed in IVPD became bent within 48, 144, and 312 hr of postharvest at 30, 20, and 14°C, respectively ; whereas, bent neck did not develop in NVPD. Irrespective of temperature, transpiration and water uptake rates of the roses placed in IVPD were markedly higher than those in NVPD. In IVPD, these rates increased initially, but decreased after 48, 72, and 96 hr at 30, 20, and 14°C, respectively. Petal water potential gradually decreased during the first 36 hr at 30°C in IVPD, but did not change at 14°C. The osmotic potential increased with time and was higher at 30°C than at 14°C. Fructose, glucose, and sucrose were the major sugars in petals. Concentrations of these sugars decreased during the first 36 hr, the decrease being greater at 30°C than at 14°C. The contribution of these sugars to the petal osmotic potentials was only 10%. These data indicate that the water relations of cut roses, immediately after harvest, was greatly influenced by high VPD by hastening the transpiration rate, and subsequently by increasing temperature through rise in the osmotic potential which was partly attributable to the consumption of respiratory substrate. |
Author | Hu, Y Imanishi, H Doi, M. (Osaka Prefectural Univ., Sakai (Japan). Coll. of Agriculture) |
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References | van Doorn, A. G., K. Schurer and Y. de Witte. 1989. Role of endogenous bacteria in vascular blockage of cut rose flowers. J. Plant Physiol. 134: 375-381. Doi, M., M. N. Miyagawa, K. Inamoto and H. Imanishi. 1999. Rhythmic changes in water uptake, transpiration and water potential of cut roses as affected by photoperiods. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. 68: 861-867 (In Japanese with English summary). van Doorn, A. G. and R. R. J. Perik. 1990. Hydroxyquinoline citrate and low pH prevent vascular blockage in stems of cut rose flowers by reducing the number of bacteria. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 115: 979-981. Burke, J. J. and K. A. Orzeck. 1988. The heat-shock response in higher plants: A biochemical model. Plant Cell and Env. 11:441-444. Doi, M., Y. Hu and H. Imanishi. 2000. Factors affecting the water relations of cut roses placed in different vapor pressures. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. 69: 517-519 (In Japanese with English summary). Borochov, A. and W. R. Woodson. 1989. Physiology and biochemistry of flower petal senescence. Hort. Rev. 11: 15-43. Mortensen, L. M. and H. R. Gislerod. 1997. Effect of air humidity and air movement on the growth and keeping quality of roses. Gartenbauwissenschaft 62: 273-277. Halevy, A. H., T. G. Byrne, A. M. Kofranek, D. S. Farnham, J. F. Thompson and R. E. Hardenburg. 1978. Evaluation of postharvest handling methods for transcontinental truck shipments of cut carnations, chrysanthemums, and roses. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 103: 151-155. Borochov, A., A. H. Halevy, H. Borochov and M. Shinitzky. 1978. Microviscosity of rose petals' plasmalemma as affected by age and environmental factors. Plant Physiol. 61: 812-815. Hu, X., M. Doi and H. Imanishi. 1998a. Competitive water relations between leaves and flower bud during transport of cut roses. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. 67: 532-536. van Meeteren, U. 1979. Water relation and keeping quality of cut gerbera flowers. III. Water content, permeability and dry weight of aging petals. Scientia Hortic. 10: 261-269. Yamane, K., S. Abiru, N. Fujishige, R. Sakiyama and R. Ogata. 1993. Export of soluble sugars and increase in membrane permeability of gladiolus flowers during senescence. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. 62: 575-580. Salisbury, F. B. and C. W. Ross. 1992. Plant physiology. p. 66-92. Wadsworth Publishing Company, Belmont, California. van Doom, A. G. 1997. Water relations of cut flowers. Hort. Rev. 18:1-85. Hu, X., M. Doi and H. Imanishi. 1998b. Improving the longevity of cut roses by cool and wet transport. J. Japan. Soc. Hort. Sci. 67: 681-684. Nowak, J. and R. M. Rudnicki. 1990. Postharvest handling and storage of cut flowers, florist greens, and potted plants. p. 67-127. Timber Press, Portland, Oregon. Carpenter, W. J. and H. P. Rasmussen. 1974. The role of flower and leaves in cut flower water uptake. Scientia Hortic. 2:293-298. |
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Title | Water relations of cut roses [Rosa] influenced by vapor pressure deficits and temperatures |
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