Extended-Window Algorithms for Model Prediction Applied to Hybrid Power Systems

• Published in: Technologies (Basel) Vol. 12; no. 1; p. 6
• Main Authors: Wang, Fu-Cheng, Huang, Hsiao-Tzu
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.01.2024
• Subjects: Algorithms; Alternative energy sources; Artificial intelligence; Back up systems; Batch processes; Costs; Electricity distribution; Energy consumption; Energy resources; Energy storage; extended window; fuel cell; Fuel cells; Genetic algorithms; hybrid power; Hybrid systems; Hydrogen; Hydrogen production; Machine learning; management; Optimization; Photovoltaic cells; Power management; prediction; Prediction models; Radiation; Renewable resources; Solar energy; Solar radiation; System effectiveness; Wind power; Taiwan
• DOI: 10.3390/technologies12010006
• ISSN: 2227-7080

This paper proposes extended-window algorithms for model prediction and applies them to optimize hybrid power systems. We consider a hybrid power system comprising solar panels, batteries, a fuel cell, and a chemical hydrogen generation system. The proposed algorithms enable the periodic updating of prediction models and corresponding changes in system parts and power management based on the accumulated data. We first develop a hybrid power model to evaluate system responses under different conditions. We then build prediction models using five artificial intelligence algorithms. Among them, the light gradient boosting machine and extreme gradient boosting methods achieve the highest accuracies for predicting solar radiation and load responses, respectively. Therefore, we apply these two models to forecast solar and load responses. Third, we introduce extended-window algorithms and investigate the effects of window sizes and replacement costs on system performance. The results show that the optimal window size is one week, and the system cost is 13.57% lower than the cost of the system that does not use the extended-window algorithms. The proposed method also tends to make fewer component replacements when the replacement cost increases. Finally, we design experiments to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of systems using extended-window model prediction.