Highly Luminous Ba2SiO4−δN2/3δ:Eu2+ Phosphor for NUV-LEDs: Origin of PL-Enhancement by N3−-Substitution

• Published in: Materials Vol. 13; no. 8; p. 1859
• Main Authors: Kim, Donghyeon, Kim, Tae Hun, Hong, Tae Eun, Bae, Jong-Seong, Kim, Chang Hae, Kim, Jaegyeom, Kim, Seung-Joo, Jeon, Ki-Wan, Park, Jung-Chul
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 15.04.2020; MDPI
• Subjects: Ba2SiO4:Eu2; Compressive properties; Europium; Hypotheses; Infrared spectroscopy; Light emitting diodes; Mass spectrometry; N3− substitution; Phosphors; Photoelectrons; Photoluminescence; Scientific imaging; Secondary ion mass spectrometry; Silicon; Silicon dioxide; Silicon nitride; SIMS; Substitutes; Tetrahedra; X ray photoelectron spectroscopy; XPS; Japan
• DOI: 10.3390/ma13081859
• ISSN: 1996-1944

Ba2SiO4−δN2/3δ:Eu2+ (BSON:Eu2+) materials with different N3− contents were successfully prepared and characterized. Rietveld refinements showed that N3− ions were partially substituted for the O2− ions in the SiO4-tetrahedra because the bond lengths of Si‒(O,N) (average value = 1.689 Å) were slightly elongated compared with those of Si‒O (average value = 1.659 Å), which resulted in the minute compression of the Ba(2)‒O bond lengths from 2.832 to 2.810 Å. The average N3− contents of BSON:Eu2+ phosphors were determined from 100 nm to 2000 nm depth of grain using a secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS): 0.064 (synthesized using 100% α-Si3N4), 0.035 (using 50% α-Si3N4 and 50% SiO2), and 0.000 (using 100% SiO2). Infrared (IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements corroborated the Rietveld refinements: the new IR mode at 850 cm−1 (Si‒N stretching vibration) and the binding energy at 98.6 eV (Si-2p) due to the N3- substitution. Furthermore, in UV-region, the absorbance of N3−-substituted BSON:Eu2+ (synthesized using 100% α-Si3N4) phosphor was about two times higher than that of BSO:Eu2+ (using 100% SiO2). Owing to the N3− substitution, surprisingly, the photoluminescence (PL) and LED-PL intensity of BSON:Eu2+ (synthesized using 100% α-Si3N4) was about 5.0 times as high as that of BSO:Eu2+ (using 100% SiO2). The compressive strain estimated by the Williamson−Hall (W−H) method, was slightly increased with the higher N3− content in the host-lattice of Ba2SiO4, which warranted that the N3- ion plays an important role in the highly enhanced PL intensity of BSON:Eu2+ phosphor. These phosphor materials could be a bridgehead for developing new phosphors and application in white NUV-LEDs field.