Decade of bio-inspired soft robots: a review

Soft robotics is an emerging field of robotics that focuses on the design of soft machines and devices with effective human-machine interaction, high conformity, and environmental adaptability. The conventional robots made of hard materials have already achieved precision and accuracy, but they lack...

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Published inSmart materials and structures Vol. 31; no. 7; pp. 73002 - 73036
Main Authors Ahmed, Faheem, Waqas, Muhammad, Jawed, Bushra, Soomro, Afaque Manzoor, Kumar, Suresh, Hina, Ashraf, Khan, Umair, Kim, Kyung Hwan, Choi, Kyung Hyun
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published IOP Publishing 01.07.2022
Subjects
compliant materials
dielectric elastomers
fuel-based actuation
pneumatic
shape memory alloy
soft actuators
soft robotics
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Abstract Soft robotics is an emerging field of robotics that focuses on the design of soft machines and devices with effective human-machine interaction, high conformity, and environmental adaptability. The conventional robots made of hard materials have already achieved precision and accuracy, but they lack in reachability, adaptability, degree of freedom, and safe interaction. Moreover, soft robots mimic the behavior of biological creatures by mimicking their locomotive patterns. The actuation or the locomotion of the soft robots is achieved by soft actuators which are a very important part of soft robotic systems. Herein, a comprehensive review based on the evolution of six actuation methodologies is presented. Various approaches used for the design and fabrication of soft robots such as pneumatic, shape memory alloy, dielectric elastomers, chemical-reaction enforced, and pneumatic and magneto-rheological elastomers-based actuation methods reported in the last decade. Furthermore, the advancement of these approaches has been rigorously discussed in chronological order for parameters like efficiency, power requirement, frequency, and possible applications. Future challenges and directions toward the advancement in soft robotics are also discussed for achieving the remarkable performance of soft robots in a real-time environment. Furthermore, we believe, this is a complete review package for the young researchers which can help them to understand, how this field has evolved from a performance, application, and efficiency point of view.
AbstractList Soft robotics is an emerging field of robotics that focuses on the design of soft machines and devices with effective human-machine interaction, high conformity, and environmental adaptability. The conventional robots made of hard materials have already achieved precision and accuracy, but they lack in reachability, adaptability, degree of freedom, and safe interaction. Moreover, soft robots mimic the behavior of biological creatures by mimicking their locomotive patterns. The actuation or the locomotion of the soft robots is achieved by soft actuators which are a very important part of soft robotic systems. Herein, a comprehensive review based on the evolution of six actuation methodologies is presented. Various approaches used for the design and fabrication of soft robots such as pneumatic, shape memory alloy, dielectric elastomers, chemical-reaction enforced, and pneumatic and magneto-rheological elastomers-based actuation methods reported in the last decade. Furthermore, the advancement of these approaches has been rigorously discussed in chronological order for parameters like efficiency, power requirement, frequency, and possible applications. Future challenges and directions toward the advancement in soft robotics are also discussed for achieving the remarkable performance of soft robots in a real-time environment. Furthermore, we believe, this is a complete review package for the young researchers which can help them to understand, how this field has evolved from a performance, application, and efficiency point of view.
Author Ahmed, Faheem
Hina, Ashraf
Kumar, Suresh
Khan, Umair
Kim, Kyung Hwan
Waqas, Muhammad
Choi, Kyung Hyun
Jawed, Bushra
Soomro, Afaque Manzoor
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  surname: Choi
  fullname: Choi, Kyung Hyun
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SecondaryResourceType review_article
Snippet Soft robotics is an emerging field of robotics that focuses on the design of soft machines and devices with effective human-machine interaction, high...
SourceID crossref
iop
SourceType Enrichment Source
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 73002
SubjectTerms compliant materials
dielectric elastomers
fuel-based actuation
pneumatic
shape memory alloy
soft actuators
soft robotics
Title Decade of bio-inspired soft robots: a review
URI https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1361-665X/ac6e15
Volume 31
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