Enzymes involved in l-carnitine biosynthesis are expressed by small intestinal enterocytes in mice: Implications for gut health

• Published in: Journal of Crohn's and colitis Vol. 7; no. 6; pp. e197 - e205
• Main Authors: Shekhawat, Prem S., Sonne, Srinivas, Carter, A. Lee, Matern, Dietrich, Ganapathy, Vadivel
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Elsevier B.V 01.07.2013
• Subjects: Aldehyde Oxidoreductases - genetics; Aldehyde Oxidoreductases - metabolism; Animals; Carnitine; Carnitine - analysis; Carnitine - biosynthesis; Crohn's disease; Enterocytes - enzymology; gamma-Butyrobetaine Dioxygenase - genetics; gamma-Butyrobetaine Dioxygenase - metabolism; Gene Expression; Glycine Hydroxymethyltransferase - genetics; Glycine Hydroxymethyltransferase - metabolism; Gut inflammation; In Situ Hybridization; Intestinal Mucosa - chemistry; Intestinal Mucosa - enzymology; Intestine, Small - chemistry; Intestine, Small - enzymology; Mice; Mice, Inbred C3H; Mixed Function Oxygenases - genetics; Mixed Function Oxygenases - metabolism; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Ulcerative colitis; γ-Butyrobetaine hydroxylase; CD; SHMT1 and 2; TMABA; TMABA-DH; OCTN; IBD; Crohn's disease; HTMLA; HPRT; Carnitine; TMLD; γ-BBH; γ-Butyrobetaine hydroxylase; Gut inflammation; Ulcerative colitis

Carnitine is essential for mitochondrial β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids. Deficiency of carnitine leads to severe gut atrophy, ulceration and inflammation in animal models of carnitine deficiency. Genetic studies in large populations have linked mutations in the carnitine transporters OCTN1 an...