LBP/BPI proteins and their relatives: conservation over evolution and roles in mutualism
LBP [LPS (lipopolysaccharide)-binding protein] and BPI (bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein) are components of the immune system that have been principally studied in mammals for their involvement in defence against bacterial pathogens. These proteins share a basic architecture and residues...
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Published in | Biochemical Society transactions Vol. 39; no. 4; p. 1039 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
England
01.08.2011
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Abstract | LBP [LPS (lipopolysaccharide)-binding protein] and BPI (bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein) are components of the immune system that have been principally studied in mammals for their involvement in defence against bacterial pathogens. These proteins share a basic architecture and residues involved in LPS binding. Putative orthologues, i.e. proteins encoded by similar genes that diverged from a common ancestor, have been found in a number of non-mammalian vertebrate species and several non-vertebrates. Similar to other aspects of immunity, such as the activity of Toll-like receptors and NOD (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain) proteins, analysis of the conservation of LBPs and BPIs in the invertebrates promises to provide insight into features essential to the form and function of these molecules. This review considers state-of-the-art knowledge in the diversity of the LBP/BPI proteins across the eukaryotes and also considers their role in mutualistic symbioses. Recent studies of the LBPs and BPIs in an invertebrate model of beneficial associations, the Hawaiian bobtail squid Euprymna scolopes' alliance with the marine luminous bacterium Vibrio fischeri, are discussed as an example of the use of non-vertebrate models for the study of LBPs and BPIs. |
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AbstractList | LBP [LPS (lipopolysaccharide)-binding protein] and BPI (bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein) are components of the immune system that have been principally studied in mammals for their involvement in defence against bacterial pathogens. These proteins share a basic architecture and residues involved in LPS binding. Putative orthologues, i.e. proteins encoded by similar genes that diverged from a common ancestor, have been found in a number of non-mammalian vertebrate species and several non-vertebrates. Similar to other aspects of immunity, such as the activity of Toll-like receptors and NOD (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain) proteins, analysis of the conservation of LBPs and BPIs in the invertebrates promises to provide insight into features essential to the form and function of these molecules. This review considers state-of-the-art knowledge in the diversity of the LBP/BPI proteins across the eukaryotes and also considers their role in mutualistic symbioses. Recent studies of the LBPs and BPIs in an invertebrate model of beneficial associations, the Hawaiian bobtail squid Euprymna scolopes' alliance with the marine luminous bacterium Vibrio fischeri, are discussed as an example of the use of non-vertebrate models for the study of LBPs and BPIs. |
Author | Krasity, Benjamin C Weiss, Jerrold P Troll, Joshua V McFall-Ngai, Margaret J |
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Snippet | LBP [LPS (lipopolysaccharide)-binding protein] and BPI (bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein) are components of the immune system that have been... |
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SubjectTerms | Acute-Phase Proteins - genetics Acute-Phase Proteins - metabolism Amino Acid Sequence Animals Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides - genetics Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides - metabolism Blood Proteins - genetics Blood Proteins - metabolism Carrier Proteins - genetics Carrier Proteins - metabolism Conserved Sequence Evolution, Molecular Humans Lipid Metabolism Membrane Glycoproteins - genetics Membrane Glycoproteins - metabolism Models, Biological Protein Binding Sequence Homology, Amino Acid Symbiosis - physiology |
Title | LBP/BPI proteins and their relatives: conservation over evolution and roles in mutualism |
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