In situ vital staining for chasing the galatheid crab Shinkaia crosnieri on deep-sea floor
Shinkaia crosnieri, a galatheid crab, has ectosymbiotic bacteria on its ventral setae, and forms very dense crowds in hydrothermally active regions and seep areas. They feed on the symbiotic bacteria and do not chase other animals for predation. To study how they move and behave in jostling crowds,...
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| Published in | JAMSTEC REPORT OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Vol. 27; pp. 87 - 97 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English Japanese |
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Yokohama
Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology
01.09.2018
Japan Science and Technology Agency |
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| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1880-1153 2186-358X |
| DOI | 10.5918/jamstecr.27.87 |
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| Abstract | Shinkaia crosnieri, a galatheid crab, has ectosymbiotic bacteria on its ventral setae, and forms very dense crowds in hydrothermally active regions and seep areas. They feed on the symbiotic bacteria and do not chase other animals for predation. To study how they move and behave in jostling crowds, we developed a vital staining to mark their individuals and trace them by using a camera on a remotely operated vehicle (ROV). Among the various dyes examined, Coomasie Brilliant Blue R250 (CBB) stained the galatheid crab the darkest, and its color lasted for more than 5 months in the laboratory at 4–5°C. The ventral setae were strongly stained, while the dorsal shell was weakly stained. The stained galatheid crab survived for more than 8 months. For the in situ staining of S. crosnieri at the Iheya North hydrothermal field in the Okinawa Trough, Japan, we applied a dye solution mixture (20 L) containing CBB and Acid Blue 161 to the galatheid crab population through a funnel equipped on the ROV Hyper-Dolphin. After staining for approximately 5 minutes, more than 18 individuals of S. crosnieri were dyed blue. They were disturbed by the staining process but seemed to be unharmed. The dyed galatheid crabs were identified by the ROV one and two days post staining. They seemed to remain at the place where they were stained.The present vital-staining marking method may present a new way to analyze the behavior and changing habitable range of deep-sea animals likeS. crosnieri, and may give us a deeper insight into how these animals behave in a very dense population and explore newer habitats. |
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| AbstractList | Shinkaia crosnieri, a galatheid crab, has ectosymbiotic bacteria on its ventral setae, and forms very dense crowds in hydrothermally active regions and seep areas. They feed on the symbiotic bacteria and do not chase other animals for predation. To study how they move and behave in jostling crowds, we developed a vital staining to mark their individuals and trace them by using a camera on a remotely operated vehicle (ROV). Among the various dyes examined, Coomasie Brilliant Blue R250 (CBB) stained the galatheid crab the darkest, and its color lasted for more than 5 months in the laboratory at 4–5°C. The ventral setae were strongly stained, while the dorsal shell was weakly stained. The stained galatheid crab survived for more than 8 months. For the in situ staining of S. crosnieri at the Iheya North hydrothermal field in the Okinawa Trough, Japan, we applied a dye solution mixture (20 L) containing CBB and Acid Blue 161 to the galatheid crab population through a funnel equipped on the ROV Hyper-Dolphin. After staining for approximately 5 minutes, more than 18 individuals of S. crosnieri were dyed blue. They were disturbed by the staining process but seemed to be unharmed. The dyed galatheid crabs were identified by the ROV one and two days post staining. They seemed to remain at the place where they were stained. The present vital-staining marking method may present a new way to analyze the behavior and changing habitable range of deep-sea animals likeS. crosnieri, and may give us a deeper insight into how these animals behave in a very dense population and explore newer habitats. |
| Author | Koyano, Yuka Fujiwara, Yoshihiro Watsuji, Tomo-o Toyofuku, Takashi Watanabe, Hiromi Kayama Nemoto, Suguru Maruyama, Tadashi Nagai, Yukiko Takahashi, Tomoko Thornton, Blair |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1371/journal.pone.0046282 10.2741/e412 10.1038/ismej.2014.178 10.1038/35000647 10.1371/journal.pone.0123095 10.1017/S0025315410001827 10.1264/jsme2.ME10135 10.1016/j.dsr.2017.04.012 10.5179/benthos.58.84 10.1029/2006PA001290 10.5869/fc.2011.v18.55 10.5343/bms.2015.1031 10.3354/meps241089 10.1007/s10872-011-0065-9 |
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| References | Tsuchida, S., Y. Fujiwara, and K. Fujikura (2003), Distribution and population structure of the Galatheid crab Shinkaia crosnieri (Decapoda: Anomura: Galatheidae) in the southern Okinawa Trough, Jpn. J. Benthol., 58, 84-88. Baba, K. and A.B. Williams (1998), New Galatheoidea (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura) from hydrothermal systems in the West Pacific Ocean: Bismarck Archipelago and Okinawa Trough, Zoosystema, 20, 143-156. Bergquist, D.C., I.A. Urcuyo, and C.R. Fisher (2002), Establishment and persistence of seep vestimentiferan aggregations on the upper Louisiana slope of the Gult of Mexico, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 241, 89-98. Nagasawa, H. (2012), The crustacean cuticle: structure, composition and mineralization, Frontiers in Bioscience, E4, 711-720. Tokeshi, M. (2011), Spatial structures of hydrothermal vents and vent-associated megafauna in the back-arc basin system of the Okinawa Trough, western Pacific, J. Oceanogr., 67, 651-665. Watsuji, T., R. Tsubaki, C. Chen, Y. Nagai, S. Nakagawa, M. Yamamoto, D. Nishiura, T. Toyofuku, and K. Takai (2017), Cultivation mutualism between a deep-sea vent galatheid crab and its chemosynthetic epibionts, Deep-sea Res. Part I, 127, 13-20. Watsuji, T., S. Nakagawa, S. Tsuchida, T. Toki, A. Hirota, U. Tsunogai, and K. Takai (2010), Diversity and function of epibiotic microbial communities on the galatheid crab, Shinkaia crosnieri, Microb. Environ., 25, 288-294. Van Dover, C.L. (2000), The Ecology of Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents, Princeton University Press., pp. 424. Kitajima, M., M. Sugimura, S. Nemoto, and S. Nakagawa (2012), Feeding behavior of the captured deep-sea galatheid crab, Shinkaia crosnieri, observed during cultivation, Proceedings of Blue Earth 2012, (in Japanese), <https://www.jamstec.go.jp/maritec/j/blueearth/2012/pdf/poster/BE12-P20.pdf>. Bergquist, D.C., F.M. Williams, and C.R. Fisher (2000), Longevity record for deep-sea invertebrate, Nature, 403, 499-500. Haddaway, N.R., R.J.G. Mortimer, M. Christmas, and A.M. Dunn (2011), A review of marking techniques for Crustacea and experimental appraisal of electric cauterisation and visible implant elastomer tagging for Austropotamobius pallipes and Pacifastacus leniusculus, Freshwater Crayfish, 18, 55-67. Tsuchida, S., Y. Suzuki, Y. Fujiwara, M. Kawato, K. Uematsu, T. Yamanaka, C. Mizota, and H. Yamamoto (2011), Epibiotic association between filamentous bacteria and the vent-associated galatheid crab, Shinkaia crosnieri (Decapoda: Anomura), J. Mar. Bio. Ass. UK, 91, 23-32. Nakajima, R., H. Yamamoto, S. Kawagucci, Y. Takaya, T. Nozaki, C. Chen, K. Fujikura, T. Miwa, and K. Takai (2015), Post-drilling changes in seabed landscape and megabenthos in a deep-sea hydrothermal system, the Iheya North Field, Okinawa Trough, PLoS ONE, 10, 0123095. Watsuji, T., A. Yamamoto, K. Motoki, K. Ueda, E. Hada, Y. Takaki, S. Kawagucci, and K. Takai (2015), Molecular evidence of digestion and absorption of epibiotic bacterial community by deep-sea crab Shinkaia crosnieri, ISME J., 9, 821-831. Chan, T., D. Lee, and C. Lee (2000), The first deep-sea hydrothermal animal reported from Taiwan: Shinkaia crosnieri Baba and Williams, 1998 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Galatheidae), Bull. Mar. Sci., 67, 799-804. Yang, C-H., S. Tsuchida, K. Fujikura, Y. Fujiwara, M. Kawato, and T-Y. Chan (2016), Connectivity of the squat lobsters Shinkaia crosnieri (Crustacea: Decapoda: Galatheidae) between cold seep and hydrothermal vent habitats, Bul. Mar. Sci., 92, 17-31. Watsuji, T., M. Nishizawa, Y. Morono, H. Hirayama, S. Kawagucci, N. Takahata, Y. Sano, and K. Takai (2012), Cell-specific thioautotrophic productivity of epsilon-proteobacterial epibionts associated with Shinkaia crosnieri, Plos One, e46282. Bernhard, J.M., D.R. Ostermann, D.S. Williams, and J.K. Blanks (2006), Comparison of two methods to identify live benthic foraminifera: A test between Rose Bengal and CellTracker Green with implications for stable isotope paleoreconstructions, Pleoceanography, 21, PA4210, doi:10.1029/2006PA001290. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 |
| References_xml | – reference: Nagasawa, H. (2012), The crustacean cuticle: structure, composition and mineralization, Frontiers in Bioscience, E4, 711-720. – reference: Watsuji, T., A. Yamamoto, K. Motoki, K. Ueda, E. Hada, Y. Takaki, S. Kawagucci, and K. Takai (2015), Molecular evidence of digestion and absorption of epibiotic bacterial community by deep-sea crab Shinkaia crosnieri, ISME J., 9, 821-831. – reference: Nakajima, R., H. Yamamoto, S. Kawagucci, Y. Takaya, T. Nozaki, C. Chen, K. Fujikura, T. Miwa, and K. Takai (2015), Post-drilling changes in seabed landscape and megabenthos in a deep-sea hydrothermal system, the Iheya North Field, Okinawa Trough, PLoS ONE, 10, 0123095. – reference: Van Dover, C.L. (2000), The Ecology of Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents, Princeton University Press., pp. 424. – reference: Watsuji, T., S. Nakagawa, S. Tsuchida, T. Toki, A. Hirota, U. Tsunogai, and K. Takai (2010), Diversity and function of epibiotic microbial communities on the galatheid crab, Shinkaia crosnieri, Microb. Environ., 25, 288-294. – reference: Watsuji, T., M. Nishizawa, Y. Morono, H. Hirayama, S. Kawagucci, N. Takahata, Y. Sano, and K. Takai (2012), Cell-specific thioautotrophic productivity of epsilon-proteobacterial epibionts associated with Shinkaia crosnieri, Plos One, e46282. – reference: Yang, C-H., S. Tsuchida, K. Fujikura, Y. Fujiwara, M. Kawato, and T-Y. Chan (2016), Connectivity of the squat lobsters Shinkaia crosnieri (Crustacea: Decapoda: Galatheidae) between cold seep and hydrothermal vent habitats, Bul. Mar. Sci., 92, 17-31. – reference: Bernhard, J.M., D.R. Ostermann, D.S. Williams, and J.K. Blanks (2006), Comparison of two methods to identify live benthic foraminifera: A test between Rose Bengal and CellTracker Green with implications for stable isotope paleoreconstructions, Pleoceanography, 21, PA4210, doi:10.1029/2006PA001290. – reference: Bergquist, D.C., I.A. Urcuyo, and C.R. Fisher (2002), Establishment and persistence of seep vestimentiferan aggregations on the upper Louisiana slope of the Gult of Mexico, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 241, 89-98. – reference: Haddaway, N.R., R.J.G. Mortimer, M. Christmas, and A.M. Dunn (2011), A review of marking techniques for Crustacea and experimental appraisal of electric cauterisation and visible implant elastomer tagging for Austropotamobius pallipes and Pacifastacus leniusculus, Freshwater Crayfish, 18, 55-67. – reference: Kitajima, M., M. Sugimura, S. Nemoto, and S. Nakagawa (2012), Feeding behavior of the captured deep-sea galatheid crab, Shinkaia crosnieri, observed during cultivation, Proceedings of Blue Earth 2012, (in Japanese), <https://www.jamstec.go.jp/maritec/j/blueearth/2012/pdf/poster/BE12-P20.pdf>. – reference: Chan, T., D. Lee, and C. Lee (2000), The first deep-sea hydrothermal animal reported from Taiwan: Shinkaia crosnieri Baba and Williams, 1998 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Galatheidae), Bull. Mar. Sci., 67, 799-804. – reference: Watsuji, T., R. Tsubaki, C. Chen, Y. Nagai, S. Nakagawa, M. Yamamoto, D. Nishiura, T. Toyofuku, and K. Takai (2017), Cultivation mutualism between a deep-sea vent galatheid crab and its chemosynthetic epibionts, Deep-sea Res. Part I, 127, 13-20. – reference: Baba, K. and A.B. Williams (1998), New Galatheoidea (Crustacea, Decapoda, Anomura) from hydrothermal systems in the West Pacific Ocean: Bismarck Archipelago and Okinawa Trough, Zoosystema, 20, 143-156. – reference: Tokeshi, M. (2011), Spatial structures of hydrothermal vents and vent-associated megafauna in the back-arc basin system of the Okinawa Trough, western Pacific, J. Oceanogr., 67, 651-665. – reference: Tsuchida, S., Y. Fujiwara, and K. Fujikura (2003), Distribution and population structure of the Galatheid crab Shinkaia crosnieri (Decapoda: Anomura: Galatheidae) in the southern Okinawa Trough, Jpn. J. Benthol., 58, 84-88. – reference: Tsuchida, S., Y. Suzuki, Y. Fujiwara, M. Kawato, K. Uematsu, T. Yamanaka, C. Mizota, and H. Yamamoto (2011), Epibiotic association between filamentous bacteria and the vent-associated galatheid crab, Shinkaia crosnieri (Decapoda: Anomura), J. Mar. Bio. Ass. UK, 91, 23-32. – reference: Bergquist, D.C., F.M. Williams, and C.R. Fisher (2000), Longevity record for deep-sea invertebrate, Nature, 403, 499-500. – ident: 15 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046282 – ident: 5 – ident: 8 doi: 10.2741/e412 – ident: 16 doi: 10.1038/ismej.2014.178 – ident: 1 – ident: 2 doi: 10.1038/35000647 – ident: 9 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123095 – ident: 12 doi: 10.1017/S0025315410001827 – ident: 14 doi: 10.1264/jsme2.ME10135 – ident: 17 doi: 10.1016/j.dsr.2017.04.012 – ident: 11 doi: 10.5179/benthos.58.84 – ident: 13 – ident: 4 doi: 10.1029/2006PA001290 – ident: 6 doi: 10.5869/fc.2011.v18.55 – ident: 18 doi: 10.5343/bms.2015.1031 – ident: 3 doi: 10.3354/meps241089 – ident: 7 – ident: 10 doi: 10.1007/s10872-011-0065-9 |
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| SubjectTerms | Animals Aquatic mammals Bacteria behavior Crustaceans deep-sea galatheid crab Ocean floor ROV Shinkaia crosnieri vital staining |
| Title | In situ vital staining for chasing the galatheid crab Shinkaia crosnieri on deep-sea floor |
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