Association of in vitro fertilization with severe maternal morbidity in low-risk patients without comorbidities

To determine whether an association exists between in vitro fertilization (IVF) and severe maternal morbidity among low-risk pregnant patients. Retrospective cohort study. Low-risk pregnant patients who delivered between January 2019 and December 2022. Low-risk was defined as having an obstetric com...

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Published inFertility and sterility Vol. 123; no. 2; pp. 262 - 269
Main Authors Solmonovich, Rachel, Kouba, Insaf, Jackson, Frank I., Alvarez, Alejandro, Goldman, Randi H., San Roman, Gabriel, Blitz, Matthew J.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Elsevier Inc 01.02.2025
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ISSN0015-0282
1556-5653
1556-5653
DOI10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.09.015

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Abstract To determine whether an association exists between in vitro fertilization (IVF) and severe maternal morbidity among low-risk pregnant patients. Retrospective cohort study. Low-risk pregnant patients who delivered between January 2019 and December 2022. Low-risk was defined as having an obstetric comorbidity index score of 0. In vitro fertilization. The primary outcome (dependent variable) was any severe maternal morbidity. The secondary outcome was the need for a cesarean delivery. A modified Poisson regression with robust error variance was used to model the probability of severe maternal morbidity as a function of IVF. Risk ratios and their associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed. An α value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. A total of 39,668 pregnancies were included for analysis, and 454 (1.1%) were conceived by IVF. The overall severe maternal morbidity rate was 2.4% (n = 949), with the most common indicator being blood transfusion. The overall cesarean delivery rate was 18.8% (n = 7,459). On modified Poisson regression, IVF-conceived pregnancies were associated with 2.56 times the risk of severe maternal morbidity (95% CI, 1.73–3.79) and 1.54 times the risk of having a cesarean delivery (95% CI, 1.37–1.74) compared with non-IVF pregnancies. In vitro fertilization is associated with higher rates of severe maternal morbidity, primarily the need for a blood transfusion, and cesarean delivery in low-risk pregnancies without major comorbidities. Recognizing this association allows healthcare providers to implement proactive measures for better monitoring and tailored postpartum care. Asociación Entre La Fecundación in Vitro Y Morbilidad Materna Severa en Pacientes de Bajo Riesgo Sin Comorbilidades Determinar si existe asociación entre la fecundación in vitro (FIV) y la morbilidad materna severa en pacientes gestantes de bajo riesgo. Estudio retrospectivo de cohortes. Sistema sanitario universitario. Pacientes gestantes de bajo riesgo que dieron a luz entre junio de 2019 y diciembre de 2022. Se definió bajo riesgo cuando la puntuación del índice de comorbilidad obstétrico era de 0. Fecundación in vitro. El resultado principal (variable dependiente) fue cualquier morbilidad materna severa. El objetivo secundario fue la necesidad de nacimiento por cesárea. El modelo utilizado para calcular la probabilidad de morbilidad materna grave en función de la FIV fue una regresión de Poisson modificada con varianza de error robusta. Se calcularon los coeficientes de riesgo y sus intervalos de confianza del 95% asociados (IC). Se consideró estadísticamente significativo un valor de α de 0.05. Se incluyeron para análisis un total de 39,668 embarazos y 454 (1%) fueron concebidos mediante FIV. La tasa de morbilidad materna grave conjunta fue del 2.4% (n=949), siendo el indicador más común la transfusión sanguínea. La tasa de parto por cesárea conjunta fue del 18.8% (n=7,459). En la regresión de Poisson modificada, los embarazos concebidos por FIV se asociaron con un riesgo 2,56% mayor de morbilidad materna grave (CI 95%, 1.73-3.79) y 1,54 veces el riesgo de parto por cesárea (CI 95%, 1.37-1.74) comparados con los embarazos sin FIV. La FIV se asocia con mayores tasas de morbilidad materna grave, principalmente la necesidad de una transfusión sanguínea y parto por cesárea) en embarazos de bajo riesgo sin comorbilidades mayores. Reconocer esta situación permite a los profesionales sanitarios implementar medidas proactivas para un mejor seguimiento y atención personalizada.
AbstractList To determine whether an association exists between in vitro fertilization (IVF) and severe maternal morbidity among low-risk pregnant patients. Retrospective cohort study. Low-risk pregnant patients who delivered between January 2019 and December 2022. Low-risk was defined as having an obstetric comorbidity index score of 0. In vitro fertilization. The primary outcome (dependent variable) was any severe maternal morbidity. The secondary outcome was the need for a cesarean delivery. A modified Poisson regression with robust error variance was used to model the probability of severe maternal morbidity as a function of IVF. Risk ratios and their associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed. An α value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. A total of 39,668 pregnancies were included for analysis, and 454 (1.1%) were conceived by IVF. The overall severe maternal morbidity rate was 2.4% (n = 949), with the most common indicator being blood transfusion. The overall cesarean delivery rate was 18.8% (n = 7,459). On modified Poisson regression, IVF-conceived pregnancies were associated with 2.56 times the risk of severe maternal morbidity (95% CI, 1.73-3.79) and 1.54 times the risk of having a cesarean delivery (95% CI, 1.37-1.74) compared with non-IVF pregnancies. In vitro fertilization is associated with higher rates of severe maternal morbidity, primarily the need for a blood transfusion, and cesarean delivery in low-risk pregnancies without major comorbidities. Recognizing this association allows healthcare providers to implement proactive measures for better monitoring and tailored postpartum care.
To determine whether an association exists between in vitro fertilization (IVF) and severe maternal morbidity among low-risk pregnant patients. Retrospective cohort study. Low-risk pregnant patients who delivered between January 2019 and December 2022. Low-risk was defined as having an obstetric comorbidity index score of 0. In vitro fertilization. The primary outcome (dependent variable) was any severe maternal morbidity. The secondary outcome was the need for a cesarean delivery. A modified Poisson regression with robust error variance was used to model the probability of severe maternal morbidity as a function of IVF. Risk ratios and their associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed. An α value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant. A total of 39,668 pregnancies were included for analysis, and 454 (1.1%) were conceived by IVF. The overall severe maternal morbidity rate was 2.4% (n = 949), with the most common indicator being blood transfusion. The overall cesarean delivery rate was 18.8% (n = 7,459). On modified Poisson regression, IVF-conceived pregnancies were associated with 2.56 times the risk of severe maternal morbidity (95% CI, 1.73–3.79) and 1.54 times the risk of having a cesarean delivery (95% CI, 1.37–1.74) compared with non-IVF pregnancies. In vitro fertilization is associated with higher rates of severe maternal morbidity, primarily the need for a blood transfusion, and cesarean delivery in low-risk pregnancies without major comorbidities. Recognizing this association allows healthcare providers to implement proactive measures for better monitoring and tailored postpartum care. Asociación Entre La Fecundación in Vitro Y Morbilidad Materna Severa en Pacientes de Bajo Riesgo Sin Comorbilidades Determinar si existe asociación entre la fecundación in vitro (FIV) y la morbilidad materna severa en pacientes gestantes de bajo riesgo. Estudio retrospectivo de cohortes. Sistema sanitario universitario. Pacientes gestantes de bajo riesgo que dieron a luz entre junio de 2019 y diciembre de 2022. Se definió bajo riesgo cuando la puntuación del índice de comorbilidad obstétrico era de 0. Fecundación in vitro. El resultado principal (variable dependiente) fue cualquier morbilidad materna severa. El objetivo secundario fue la necesidad de nacimiento por cesárea. El modelo utilizado para calcular la probabilidad de morbilidad materna grave en función de la FIV fue una regresión de Poisson modificada con varianza de error robusta. Se calcularon los coeficientes de riesgo y sus intervalos de confianza del 95% asociados (IC). Se consideró estadísticamente significativo un valor de α de 0.05. Se incluyeron para análisis un total de 39,668 embarazos y 454 (1%) fueron concebidos mediante FIV. La tasa de morbilidad materna grave conjunta fue del 2.4% (n=949), siendo el indicador más común la transfusión sanguínea. La tasa de parto por cesárea conjunta fue del 18.8% (n=7,459). En la regresión de Poisson modificada, los embarazos concebidos por FIV se asociaron con un riesgo 2,56% mayor de morbilidad materna grave (CI 95%, 1.73-3.79) y 1,54 veces el riesgo de parto por cesárea (CI 95%, 1.37-1.74) comparados con los embarazos sin FIV. La FIV se asocia con mayores tasas de morbilidad materna grave, principalmente la necesidad de una transfusión sanguínea y parto por cesárea) en embarazos de bajo riesgo sin comorbilidades mayores. Reconocer esta situación permite a los profesionales sanitarios implementar medidas proactivas para un mejor seguimiento y atención personalizada.
To determine whether an association exists between in vitro fertilization (IVF) and severe maternal morbidity among low-risk pregnant patients.OBJECTIVETo determine whether an association exists between in vitro fertilization (IVF) and severe maternal morbidity among low-risk pregnant patients.Retrospective cohort study.DESIGNRetrospective cohort study.Academic healthcare system.SETTINGAcademic healthcare system.Low-risk pregnant patients who delivered between January 2019 and December 2022. Low-risk was defined as having an obstetric comorbidity index score of 0.PATIENT(S)Low-risk pregnant patients who delivered between January 2019 and December 2022. Low-risk was defined as having an obstetric comorbidity index score of 0.In vitro fertilization.INTERVENTION(S)In vitro fertilization.The primary outcome (dependent variable) was any severe maternal morbidity. The secondary outcome was the need for a cesarean delivery. A modified Poisson regression with robust error variance was used to model the probability of severe maternal morbidity as a function of IVF. Risk ratios and their associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed. An α value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S)The primary outcome (dependent variable) was any severe maternal morbidity. The secondary outcome was the need for a cesarean delivery. A modified Poisson regression with robust error variance was used to model the probability of severe maternal morbidity as a function of IVF. Risk ratios and their associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed. An α value of 0.05 was considered statistically significant.A total of 39,668 pregnancies were included for analysis, and 454 (1.1%) were conceived by IVF. The overall severe maternal morbidity rate was 2.4% (n = 949), with the most common indicator being blood transfusion. The overall cesarean delivery rate was 18.8% (n = 7,459). On modified Poisson regression, IVF-conceived pregnancies were associated with 2.56 times the risk of severe maternal morbidity (95% CI, 1.73-3.79) and 1.54 times the risk of having a cesarean delivery (95% CI, 1.37-1.74) compared with non-IVF pregnancies.RESULT(S)A total of 39,668 pregnancies were included for analysis, and 454 (1.1%) were conceived by IVF. The overall severe maternal morbidity rate was 2.4% (n = 949), with the most common indicator being blood transfusion. The overall cesarean delivery rate was 18.8% (n = 7,459). On modified Poisson regression, IVF-conceived pregnancies were associated with 2.56 times the risk of severe maternal morbidity (95% CI, 1.73-3.79) and 1.54 times the risk of having a cesarean delivery (95% CI, 1.37-1.74) compared with non-IVF pregnancies.In vitro fertilization is associated with higher rates of severe maternal morbidity, primarily the need for a blood transfusion, and cesarean delivery in low-risk pregnancies without major comorbidities. Recognizing this association allows healthcare providers to implement proactive measures for better monitoring and tailored postpartum care.CONCLUSION(S)In vitro fertilization is associated with higher rates of severe maternal morbidity, primarily the need for a blood transfusion, and cesarean delivery in low-risk pregnancies without major comorbidities. Recognizing this association allows healthcare providers to implement proactive measures for better monitoring and tailored postpartum care.
Author Kouba, Insaf
Alvarez, Alejandro
Jackson, Frank I.
Blitz, Matthew J.
Solmonovich, Rachel
Goldman, Randi H.
San Roman, Gabriel
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Keywords obstetric comorbidity index
Assisted reproductive technology
pregnancy complications
cesarean delivery
in vitro fertilization
Language English
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Snippet To determine whether an association exists between in vitro fertilization (IVF) and severe maternal morbidity among low-risk pregnant patients. Retrospective...
To determine whether an association exists between in vitro fertilization (IVF) and severe maternal morbidity among low-risk pregnant patients.OBJECTIVETo...
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SubjectTerms Adult
Assisted reproductive technology
cesarean delivery
Cesarean Section - statistics & numerical data
Comorbidity
Female
Fertilization in Vitro - adverse effects
Fertilization in Vitro - trends
Humans
Infertility - diagnosis
Infertility - epidemiology
Infertility - physiopathology
Infertility - therapy
in vitro fertilization
Morbidity
obstetric comorbidity index
Pregnancy
pregnancy complications
Pregnancy Complications - diagnosis
Pregnancy Complications - epidemiology
Retrospective Studies
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Severity of Illness Index
Title Association of in vitro fertilization with severe maternal morbidity in low-risk patients without comorbidities
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https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2024.09.015
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39260539
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3103445625
Volume 123
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