Alzheimer's disease‐associated CD83(+) microglia are linked with increased immunoglobulin G4 and human cytomegalovirus in the gut, vagal nerve, and brain

• Published in: Alzheimer's & dementia Vol. 21; no. 1; pp. e14401 - n/a
• Main Authors: Readhead, Benjamin P., Mastroeni, Diego F., Wang, Qi, Sierra, Maria A., Ávila, Camila, Jimoh, Tajudeen O., Haure‐Mirande, Jean‐Vianney, Atanasoff, Kristina E., Nolz, Jennifer, Suazo, Crystal, Barton, Nathaniel J., Orszulak, Adrian R., Chigas, Samantha M., Tran, Khanh, Mirza, Anne, Ryon, Krista, Proszynski, Jacqueline, Najjar, Deena, Dudley, Joel T., Liu, Sean T. H., Gandy, Sam, Ehrlich, Michelle E., Alsop, Eric, Antone, Jerry, Reiman, Rebecca, Funk, Cory, Best, Rebecca L., Jhatro, Michael, Kamath, Kathy, Shon, John, Kowalik, Timothy F., Bennett, David A., Liang, Winnie S., Serrano, Geidy E., Beach, Thomas G., Van Keuren‐Jensen, Kendall, Mason, Christopher E., Chan, Yingleong, Lim, Elaine T., Tortorella, Domenico, Reiman, Eric M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States John Wiley and Sons Inc 01.01.2025
• Subjects: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Alzheimer Disease - immunology; Alzheimer Disease - metabolism; Alzheimer Disease - pathology; Alzheimer Disease - virology; Alzheimer's disease; antibody epitope repertoire analysis; Antigens, CD - metabolism; Brain - immunology; Brain - metabolism; Brain - pathology; Brain - virology; CD83 Antigen; CD83(+) microglia; cerebrospinal fluid; Cytomegalovirus - immunology; Cytomegalovirus Infections - immunology; Female; human cytomegalovirus; Humans; Immunoglobulin G - cerebrospinal fluid; Immunoglobulin G - metabolism; immunoglobulin G4; Immunoglobulins - metabolism; immunohistochemistry; Male; Membrane Glycoproteins - metabolism; Microglia - immunology; Microglia - metabolism; prefrontal cortex; superior frontal gyrus; transverse colon; vagus nerve; Vagus Nerve - immunology; Vagus Nerve - metabolism; Vagus Nerve - virology; viral infection; transverse colon; vagus nerve; viral infection; CD83(+) microglia; prefrontal cortex; cerebrospinal fluid; antibody epitope repertoire analysis; immunohistochemistry; Alzheimer's disease; human cytomegalovirus; immunoglobulin G4; superior frontal gyrus

INTRODUCTION While there may be microbial contributions to Alzheimer's disease (AD), findings have been inconclusive. We recently reported an AD‐associated CD83(+) microglia subtype associated with increased immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) in the transverse colon (TC). METHODS We used immunohistochemi...