Beneficial Effect of Pre-Hardening of Elements Manufactured by the SLA Technology

In this work the effect of preliminary curing on mechanical, physicochemical and tribological properties of SLA (Stereolithography Appearance) manufactured samples is presented. Three preliminary curing times of 5, 10 and 15 s were selected for SLA manufacturing. The materials’ friction, hardness an...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published inLubricants Vol. 10; no. 10; p. 268
Main Authors Pszczółkowski, Bartosz, Lemecha, Magdalena, Rejmer, Wojciech, Ligier, Krzysztof, Bramowicz, Mirosław, Zaborowska, Magdalena, Kulesza, Sławomir
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.10.2022
Subjects
Online AccessGet full text

Cover

Loading…
Abstract In this work the effect of preliminary curing on mechanical, physicochemical and tribological properties of SLA (Stereolithography Appearance) manufactured samples is presented. Three preliminary curing times of 5, 10 and 15 s were selected for SLA manufacturing. The materials’ friction, hardness and capacitance values were determined by ball cratering, Brinell method and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, respectively. The obtained results showed that the mechanical property values changed most significantly after 10 s of preliminary curing, but friction wear and electrochemical capacitance showed greatest change for samples cured for 15 s. This effect may be explained by the domination of elongation of molecular chains in the first 10 seconds of preliminary curing and the gradual increase of branching processes during the next 15 s.
AbstractList In this work the effect of preliminary curing on mechanical, physicochemical and tribological properties of SLA (Stereolithography Appearance) manufactured samples is presented. Three preliminary curing times of 5, 10 and 15 s were selected for SLA manufacturing. The materials’ friction, hardness and capacitance values were determined by ball cratering, Brinell method and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, respectively. The obtained results showed that the mechanical property values changed most significantly after 10 s of preliminary curing, but friction wear and electrochemical capacitance showed greatest change for samples cured for 15 s. This effect may be explained by the domination of elongation of molecular chains in the first 10 seconds of preliminary curing and the gradual increase of branching processes during the next 15 s.
Audience Academic
Author Ligier, Krzysztof
Pszczółkowski, Bartosz
Bramowicz, Mirosław
Zaborowska, Magdalena
Rejmer, Wojciech
Lemecha, Magdalena
Kulesza, Sławomir
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Bartosz
  orcidid: 0000-0002-7985-9488
  surname: Pszczółkowski
  fullname: Pszczółkowski, Bartosz
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Magdalena
  orcidid: 0000-0003-3414-4099
  surname: Lemecha
  fullname: Lemecha, Magdalena
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Wojciech
  orcidid: 0000-0002-1955-1553
  surname: Rejmer
  fullname: Rejmer, Wojciech
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Krzysztof
  orcidid: 0000-0003-1348-7068
  surname: Ligier
  fullname: Ligier, Krzysztof
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Mirosław
  surname: Bramowicz
  fullname: Bramowicz, Mirosław
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Magdalena
  orcidid: 0000-0003-1132-9891
  surname: Zaborowska
  fullname: Zaborowska, Magdalena
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Sławomir
  orcidid: 0000-0003-2889-5611
  surname: Kulesza
  fullname: Kulesza, Sławomir
BookMark eNplkU1vFDEMhiNUJErpH-A0Eucp-ZpN5rhUC620FSDKOXI8zjar2aRkZg7778myqELCPth6ZT-27LfsIuVEjL0X_Eapnn8cF18iQponwQXncmVfsUvJTddqreXFP_kbdj1Ne16tF8pqc8m-f6JEIWKEsdmEQDg3OTTfCrV3UAZKMe1OwmakA9UBzQOkJQDOS6Gh8cdmfqLmx3bdPBI-pTzm3fEdex1gnOj6b7xiPz9vHm_v2u3XL_e3622LynRzOwjeIckuBBRd772GXq1IG-LDYINQ3iBVkaugB4HKkldSaNkjWdAdWnXF7s_cIcPePZd4gHJ0GaL7I-Syc1DmiCM5H1Y8eAvAEfVKWJAcZE-eG6hEMJX14cx6LvnXQtPs9nkpqa7vpJFW12sJWatuzlU7qNCYQp4LYPWBDhHz6Y5VXxutjeI9V7VBnhuw5GkqFF7WFNydXuf-f536DVrpj6A
Cites_doi 10.1080/17452759.2015.1026127
10.1108/13552540210420952
10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.04.050
10.1007/BF00265480
10.4012/dmj.27.21
10.1016/S1359-6462(01)01094-6
10.5604/01.3001.0010.6975
10.1016/S0142-9612(01)00243-5
10.1016/j.electacta.2008.02.015
10.1016/j.jdent.2004.01.012
10.1016/j.corsci.2015.06.018
10.3390/lubricants10040058
10.1002/advs.201900431
10.1016/S0928-4931(02)00012-7
10.1067/mpr.2001.120843
10.1007/s005420050053
10.1108/RPJ-12-2015-0188
10.1177/00220345970760081401
10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.06.082
10.1007/s10856-005-4716-5
10.1163/156856201744489
10.5772/intechopen.74339
10.3390/polym9040150
10.1016/0009-2509(94)E0055-U
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright COPYRIGHT 2022 MDPI AG
2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
Copyright_xml – notice: COPYRIGHT 2022 MDPI AG
– notice: 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
7SR
7TB
8BQ
8FD
8FE
8FG
ABJCF
ABUWG
AFKRA
AZQEC
BENPR
BGLVJ
CCPQU
DWQXO
FR3
HCIFZ
JG9
L6V
M7S
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PKEHL
PQEST
PQGLB
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
PTHSS
DOA
DOI 10.3390/lubricants10100268
DatabaseName CrossRef
Engineered Materials Abstracts
Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts
METADEX
Technology Research Database
ProQuest SciTech Collection
ProQuest Technology Collection
Materials Science & Engineering Collection
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Central
Technology Collection
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Central
Engineering Research Database
ProQuest SciTech Premium Collection
Materials Research Database
ProQuest Engineering Collection
Engineering Database (Proquest)
ProQuest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
Engineering Collection
DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals)
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
Publicly Available Content Database
Materials Research Database
Technology Collection
Technology Research Database
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
SciTech Premium Collection
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest Central
ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences
Engineered Materials Abstracts
ProQuest Engineering Collection
ProQuest Central Korea
ProQuest Central (New)
Engineering Collection
Engineering Database
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
ProQuest Technology Collection
ProQuest SciTech Collection
METADEX
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
Materials Science & Engineering Collection
Engineering Research Database
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic (New)
DatabaseTitleList

Publicly Available Content Database
CrossRef
Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: DOA
  name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  url: https://www.doaj.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Website
– sequence: 2
  dbid: 8FG
  name: ProQuest Technology Collection
  url: https://search.proquest.com/technologycollection1
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Engineering
EISSN 2075-4442
ExternalDocumentID oai_doaj_org_article_bf60fb8aa0cc4618a20a29eb07a429a7
A744730903
10_3390_lubricants10100268
GeographicLocations Poland
GeographicLocations_xml – name: Poland
GroupedDBID 5VS
8FE
8FG
AADQD
AAYXX
ABJCF
ACIWK
ADBBV
ADMLS
AEUUQ
AFKRA
AFZYC
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
BCNDV
BENPR
BGLVJ
CCPQU
CITATION
GROUPED_DOAJ
HCIFZ
IAO
ITC
KQ8
L6V
M7S
MODMG
M~E
OK1
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PROAC
PTHSS
RNS
PMFND
7SR
7TB
8BQ
8FD
ABUWG
AZQEC
DWQXO
FR3
JG9
PKEHL
PQEST
PQGLB
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
PUEGO
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c375t-d105ce25ffc159bb4a936e47e0dd8f13b7ceb4a03f4d1c38eb321429ce8a45c83
IEDL.DBID DOA
ISSN 2075-4442
IngestDate Wed Aug 27 01:30:12 EDT 2025
Fri Jul 25 12:08:26 EDT 2025
Tue Jun 10 21:01:46 EDT 2025
Tue Jul 01 01:02:06 EDT 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 10
Language English
License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c375t-d105ce25ffc159bb4a936e47e0dd8f13b7ceb4a03f4d1c38eb321429ce8a45c83
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
ORCID 0000-0003-1348-7068
0000-0002-7985-9488
0000-0003-3414-4099
0000-0002-1955-1553
0000-0003-1132-9891
0000-0003-2889-5611
OpenAccessLink https://doaj.org/article/bf60fb8aa0cc4618a20a29eb07a429a7
PQID 2728491312
PQPubID 2032372
ParticipantIDs doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_bf60fb8aa0cc4618a20a29eb07a429a7
proquest_journals_2728491312
gale_infotracacademiconefile_A744730903
crossref_primary_10_3390_lubricants10100268
ProviderPackageCode CITATION
AAYXX
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2022-10-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2022-10-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 10
  year: 2022
  text: 2022-10-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace Basel
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Basel
PublicationTitle Lubricants
PublicationYear 2022
Publisher MDPI AG
Publisher_xml – name: MDPI AG
References Dufaud (ref_9) 2002; 8
Berger (ref_18) 2015; 10
Lam (ref_5) 2002; 20
Bertsch (ref_7) 1997; 3
Chu (ref_10) 2002; 23
Dzadz (ref_27) 2000; 23
Ejenstam (ref_21) 2015; 99
ref_19
ref_17
Ferracane (ref_31) 1997; 76
ref_16
ref_15
Leukers (ref_6) 2005; 16
Hutmacher (ref_1) 2001; 12
Soh (ref_24) 2004; 32
Wang (ref_12) 2018; 99
Arikawa (ref_25) 2008; 27
Liravi (ref_11) 2015; 69
Xiong (ref_3) 2001; 45
Capanidis (ref_28) 2016; 268
Shishesaz (ref_22) 2017; 6
Abate (ref_26) 2001; 86
Pan (ref_13) 2017; 23
Melchels (ref_14) 2010; 31
Shangguan (ref_23) 2015; 69
ref_2
Fina (ref_4) 2017; 529
ref_29
ref_8
Lamaka (ref_20) 2008; 53
Anseth (ref_32) 1994; 49
Peng (ref_30) 2019; 6
Boots (ref_33) 1984; 11
References_xml – volume: 10
  start-page: 1
  year: 2015
  ident: ref_18
  article-title: Aspects of accuracy and precision in the additive manufacturing of plastic gears
  publication-title: Virtual Phys. Prototyp.
  doi: 10.1080/17452759.2015.1026127
– volume: 8
  start-page: 83
  year: 2002
  ident: ref_9
  article-title: Stereolithography of PZT ceramic suspensions
  publication-title: Rapid Prototyp. J.
  doi: 10.1108/13552540210420952
– volume: 31
  start-page: 6121
  year: 2010
  ident: ref_14
  article-title: A review on stereolithography and its applications in biomedical engineering
  publication-title: Biomaterials
  doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.04.050
– volume: 11
  start-page: 415
  year: 1984
  ident: ref_33
  article-title: Qualitative percolation study of free-radical cross-linking polymerization
  publication-title: Polym. Bull.
  doi: 10.1007/BF00265480
– volume: 27
  start-page: 21
  year: 2008
  ident: ref_25
  article-title: Effect of Inhomogeneity of Light from Light Curing Units on the Surface Hardness of Composite Resin
  publication-title: Dent. Mater. J.
  doi: 10.4012/dmj.27.21
– volume: 69
  start-page: 134
  year: 2015
  ident: ref_11
  article-title: Separation force analysis and prediction based on cohesive element model for constrained-surface Stereolithography processes
  publication-title: Comput. Des.
– volume: 23
  start-page: 175
  year: 2000
  ident: ref_27
  article-title: Analysis of the influence of UV light exposure time on hardness and density properties of SLA models
  publication-title: Tech. Sci.
– volume: 45
  start-page: 773
  year: 2001
  ident: ref_3
  article-title: Fabrication of porous poly (L-lactic acid) scaffolds for bone tissue engineering via precise extrusion
  publication-title: Scr. Mater.
  doi: 10.1016/S1359-6462(01)01094-6
– volume: 268
  start-page: 29
  year: 2016
  ident: ref_28
  article-title: The influence of hardness of polyurethane on its abrasive wear resistance
  publication-title: Tribologia
  doi: 10.5604/01.3001.0010.6975
– volume: 23
  start-page: 1283
  year: 2002
  ident: ref_10
  article-title: Mechanical and in vivo performance of hydroxyapatite implants with controlled architectures
  publication-title: Biomaterials
  doi: 10.1016/S0142-9612(01)00243-5
– volume: 53
  start-page: 4773
  year: 2008
  ident: ref_20
  article-title: Novel hybrid sol–gel coatings for corrosion protection of AZ31B magnesium alloy
  publication-title: Electrochim. Acta
  doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2008.02.015
– volume: 32
  start-page: 321
  year: 2004
  ident: ref_24
  article-title: Influence of curing modes on crosslink density in polymer structures
  publication-title: J. Dent.
  doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2004.01.012
– volume: 99
  start-page: 89
  year: 2015
  ident: ref_21
  article-title: Corrosion protection by hydrophobic silica particle-polydimethylsiloxane composite coatings
  publication-title: Corros. Sci.
  doi: 10.1016/j.corsci.2015.06.018
– ident: ref_2
  doi: 10.3390/lubricants10040058
– volume: 6
  start-page: 1900431
  year: 2019
  ident: ref_30
  article-title: Molecular Design Strategies for Electrochemical Behavior of Aromatic Carbonyl Compounds in Organic and Aqueous Electrolytes
  publication-title: Adv. Sci.
  doi: 10.1002/advs.201900431
– volume: 99
  start-page: 29
  year: 2018
  ident: ref_12
  article-title: Data-driven simulation for fast prediction of pull-up process in bottom-up stereo-lithography
  publication-title: Comput. Des.
– volume: 69
  start-page: 582
  year: 2015
  ident: ref_23
  article-title: Anticorrosive properties of styrene-acrylic resins containing aluminum tripolyphosphate
  publication-title: Chemik
– ident: ref_8
– volume: 20
  start-page: 49
  year: 2002
  ident: ref_5
  article-title: Scaffold development using 3D printing with a starch-based polymer
  publication-title: Mater. Sci. Eng. C
  doi: 10.1016/S0928-4931(02)00012-7
– volume: 86
  start-page: 632
  year: 2001
  ident: ref_26
  article-title: Effect of photopolymerization variables on composite hardness
  publication-title: J. Prosthet. Dent.
  doi: 10.1067/mpr.2001.120843
– volume: 3
  start-page: 42
  year: 1997
  ident: ref_7
  article-title: Microstereophotolithography using a liquid crystal display as dynamic mask-generator
  publication-title: Microsyst. Technol.
  doi: 10.1007/s005420050053
– volume: 23
  start-page: 353
  year: 2017
  ident: ref_13
  article-title: Study of separation force in constrained surface projection stereolithography
  publication-title: Rapid Prototyp. J.
  doi: 10.1108/RPJ-12-2015-0188
– volume: 76
  start-page: 1508
  year: 1997
  ident: ref_31
  article-title: Wear and marginal breakdown of composites with various degrees of cure
  publication-title: J. Dent. Res.
  doi: 10.1177/00220345970760081401
– volume: 529
  start-page: 285
  year: 2017
  ident: ref_4
  article-title: Selective laser sintering (SLS) 3D printing of medicines
  publication-title: Int. J. Pharm.
  doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.06.082
– volume: 16
  start-page: 1121
  year: 2005
  ident: ref_6
  article-title: Hydroxyapatite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering made by 3D printing
  publication-title: J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Med.
  doi: 10.1007/s10856-005-4716-5
– volume: 12
  start-page: 107
  year: 2001
  ident: ref_1
  article-title: Scaffold design and fabrication technologies for engineering tissues—State of the art and future perspectives
  publication-title: J. Biomater. Sci. Polym. Ed.
  doi: 10.1163/156856201744489
– volume: 6
  start-page: 63
  year: 2017
  ident: ref_22
  article-title: Nanocomposite Coating Based on Thermoplastic Acrylic Resin and Montmorillonite Clay: Preparation and Corrosion Prevention Properties
  publication-title: Iran. J. Oil Gas Sci. Tech.
– ident: ref_15
– ident: ref_16
  doi: 10.5772/intechopen.74339
– ident: ref_29
  doi: 10.3390/polym9040150
– ident: ref_17
– ident: ref_19
– volume: 49
  start-page: 2207
  year: 1994
  ident: ref_32
  article-title: Kinetic Gelation model predictions of crosslinked polymer network microstructure
  publication-title: Chem. Eng. Sci.
  doi: 10.1016/0009-2509(94)E0055-U
SSID ssj0000913847
Score 2.1968176
Snippet In this work the effect of preliminary curing on mechanical, physicochemical and tribological properties of SLA (Stereolithography Appearance) manufactured...
SourceID doaj
proquest
gale
crossref
SourceType Open Website
Aggregation Database
Index Database
StartPage 268
SubjectTerms Capacitance
Curing
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
Electrodes
Elongation
Engineering research
Friction
Frictional wear
hardness
Light
Lithography
Manufacturing
Mechanical properties
Molecular chains
Polymerization
Polymers
Property values
Rapid prototyping
Resins
solidification
Spectrum analysis
Stereolithography
Tribology
wear
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: ProQuest Central
  dbid: BENPR
  link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV1LT9wwELYKXOCAoIDYliIfKvWAIhLbie0T2q0WoaogoEXiFvnJBW222eyBf9-ZxMtDFb1OcrDGM59nxp5vCPlaIuMj9zyTCrxJlJZlBqL8LAgwj6CVlw77nS-vqos78eO-vE8Ft0V6VrnCxB6ofeOwRn7KJACpLnjBzuZ_MpwahberaYTGGtkACFaQfG1MplfXt89VFmS9BPwdumU45Penj0vbA0y3AGPEDES9OZF64v734Lk_c853yHYKFul42N1d8iHMPpKtVxSCe-RmAmA1sEDQgYmYNpFetyHDO_mAVQ8UTIdX4gt6aWZLbGZYtsFT-0Qh_qO_fo7pS4l9n9ydT39_v8jSmITMcVl2mYcQyQVWxuggNrFWGM2rIGTIvVex4Fa6AMKcR-ELxxWkz8izpl1QRpRO8QOyPmtm4ZDQWFZRipKzWEUhNNeK6Zhz57H3uVJ8RE5WqqrnAxtGDVkEKrb-V7EjMkFtPv-JTNa9oGkf6uQYtY1VHq0yJndOVIUyLDdMB5tLA2s0ckS-4V7U6G9da5xJbQMNKhfkYykEoJTOYXFHq-2qkyMu6hez-fT_z5_JJsPOhv6d3hFZ79pl-ALxRmePk1H9BYGm1S4
  priority: 102
  providerName: ProQuest
Title Beneficial Effect of Pre-Hardening of Elements Manufactured by the SLA Technology
URI https://www.proquest.com/docview/2728491312
https://doaj.org/article/bf60fb8aa0cc4618a20a29eb07a429a7
Volume 10
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV09T8MwELWgLDAgPkWhVB6QGFDUxHZie2xRC0KA-JS6RbZjT6hFbTrw77lLAhQhxMJ6ymDdnd_dOX7PhJykqPjICx5JBbtJpJZFBrr8yAtID69VIR3ynW9us8tncTVOx0tPfeGdsFoeuHZcz4YsDlYZEzsnskQZFhumvY2lASg1FY8cat7SMFVhsE444G7NkuEw1_deFrYClnIOSYiTh_pWiSrB_t9guao1oy2y2TSJtF8vbpus-MkO2ViSDtwl9wMAqVr9gdYKxHQa6N3MR_gv3uNpBxqG9e3wOb0xkwWSGBYzX1D7RqHvo4_Xffp1tL5HnkfDp_PLqHkeIXJcpmVUQGvkPEtDcNCTWCuM5pkX0sdFoULCrXQejDEPokgcVzA2o76adl4ZkTrF90lrMp34A0JDmgUpUs5CFoTQXCumQ8xdgZznTPE2OftwVf5aq2DkMD2gY_Ofjm2TAXrz80tUsK4MENe8iWv-V1zb5BRjkeM-K2fGmYYuMEXngr0vhQB00jEsrvMRrrzZgPOcSai7kAQJO_yP1RyRdYa8h-oWX4e0ytnCH0M3UtouWVWjiy5ZGwxv7x66VRq-AwOz338
linkProvider Directory of Open Access Journals
linkToHtml http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1Lb9QwELZKOQCHiqfYPsAHEAcUNbGd2D6gagtdtnS3AtFKvaV-ckGbNpsV6p_iNzKTRwtCcOt1HEXReN6Z-YaQVzkiPnLPE6lAm0RuWWIgyk-CAPEIWnnpcN55flxMT8Wns_xsjfwcZmGwrXKwia2h9pXDGvkuk2BIdcYztndxmeDWKPy7OqzQ6MTiKFz9gJRt-e7wA9zva8YmByfvp0m_VSBxXOZN4iGicIHlMTpw5dYKo3kRhAyp9ypm3EoXgJjyKHzmuIJsE2HJtAvKiNwpDu-9Q-4KzjVqlJp8vK7pIMYmWPtuNgfO093vK9uas2YJoo_5jvrD_7VrAv7lDFoPN3lINvrQlI47WXpE1sLiMXnwG2DhE_JlH0xjhzlBO9xjWkX6uQ4JdgAErLEg4aDrSV_SuVmscHRiVQdP7RWFaJN-nY3pTUH_KTm9FfY9I-uLahGeExrzIkqRcxaLKITmWjEdU-48TloXio_I24FV5UWHvVFCzoKMLf9m7IjsIzevn0Tc7JZQ1d_KXg1LG4s0WmVM6pwoMmVYapgONpUGvtHIEXmDd1Gidje1caYfUqiQuUAfSyHAJuoUPm57uK6yV_tleSOkm_8_fknuTU_ms3J2eHy0Re4znKloOwS3yXpTr8IORDqNfdGKFyXnty3PvwDAlBHz
linkToPdf http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1Lb9QwELbKVkJwQDzFlgI-gDigaB3bie0DQrt0Vy1tV8ujUm-p7dhc0KbNZoX61_h1zCTZFoTg1uskiqzxzDePzIOQVxlOfBSlSJQGbZKZ44kFLz8JEsQjGF0qj_3Ox_N8_0R-PM1Ot8jPTS8MllVuMLEF6rLymCMfcQVAalKR8lHsyyIWe7P35xcJbpDCP62bdRqdiByGyx8Qvq3eHezBXb_mfDb9-mE_6TcMJF6orElK8C584FmMHsy6c9IakQepAitLHVPhlA9AZCLKMvVCQ-SJI8qMD9rKzGsB371FthVERWxAtifT-eLzVYYHJ24C9nedOkIYNvq-di24NStQBIx-9B_WsF0a8C_T0Nq72X1yr3dU6biTrAdkKywfkru_jS98RD5NACi7CRS0m4JMq0gXdUiwHiBgxgUJ065CfUWP7XKNjRTrOpTUXVLwPemXozG9Tu8_Jic3wsAnZLCsluEpoTHLo5KZ4DGPUhphNDeRCV9i33WuxZC83bCqOO8mcRQQwSBji78ZOyQT5ObVmzhFuyVU9beiV8rCxZxFp61l3ss81ZYzy01wTFk4o1VD8gbvokBdb2rrbd-yUCFzgT5WUgJCGgaH291cV9GDwKq4Ftmd_z9-SW6DLBdHB_PDZ-QOxwaLtlxwlwyaeh2eg9vTuBe9fFFydtMi_QvTLBeF
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Beneficial+Effect+of+Pre-Hardening+of+Elements+Manufactured+by+the+SLA+Technology&rft.jtitle=Lubricants&rft.au=Bartosz+Pszcz%C3%B3%C5%82kowski&rft.au=Magdalena+Lemecha&rft.au=Wojciech+Rejmer&rft.au=Krzysztof+Ligier&rft.date=2022-10-01&rft.pub=MDPI+AG&rft.eissn=2075-4442&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=268&rft_id=info:doi/10.3390%2Flubricants10100268&rft.externalDBID=DOA&rft.externalDocID=oai_doaj_org_article_bf60fb8aa0cc4618a20a29eb07a429a7
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2075-4442&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2075-4442&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2075-4442&client=summon