Gastric and pancreatic enzyme activities and their relationship with some gut regulatory peptides during postnatal development and weaning in calves

• Published in: The Journal of nutrition Vol. 122; no. 7; pp. 1434 - 1445
• Main Authors: Le Huerou-Luron, I. (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Rennes), Guilloteau, P, Wicker-Planquart, C, Chayvialle, J.A, Burton, J, Mouats, A, Toullec, R, Puigserver, A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bethesda, MD American Society for Nutritional Sciences 01.07.1992
• Subjects: Abomasum - enzymology; ACTIVIDAD ENZIMATICA; ACTIVITE ENZYMATIQUE; AGE; Aging - metabolism; Animals; Animals, Newborn - growth & development; Animals, Newborn - metabolism; Aprotinin - blood; Biological and medical sciences; Cattle; DESTETE; DIGESTION; EDAD; Esterases - blood; Esterases - metabolism; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; General aspects; Glycoside Hydrolases - metabolism; Male; Organ Size; Pancreas - enzymology; PEPTIDE; Peptide Hydrolases - metabolism; PEPTIDOS; PLASMA SANGUIN; PLASMA SANGUINEO; SEVRAGE; TERNERO; VEAU; Vertebrates: digestive system; Weaning; Stomach; Hydrolase; Enzyme; Ruminant animal; Weaning; Exocrine pancreas; Ox; Digestion; Postnatal development; Neuropeptide; Feeding; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Gastrointestinal hormone; Enzymatic activity; Hormonal regulation; Artiodactyla; Ungulata; Age
• ISSN: 0022-3166; 1541-6100
• DOI: 10.1093/jn/122.7.1434

Changes in the activities of three gastric and nine pancreatic enzymes plus colipase were determined during postnatal development and weaning in calves. In calves exclusively milk-fed for 2, 7, 28, 56, 70 and 119 d, the enzyme activities per kilogram of empty live weight increased with age for chymotrypsin, elastase, carboxypeptidases A and B, ribonuclease and alpha-amylase, decreased for chymosin, lysozyme and colipase but showed no change in the case of pepsin, trypsin, lipase and phospholipase A2 compared with animals at birth. The greatest increase was that in alpha-amylase activity (about 50-fold between d 2 and 119). In calves weaned between d 28 and 56, all the activities were higher than in milk-fed animals, except that of chymosin (which was slightly lower) and that of colipase (which did not change). At 119 d of age, chymotrypsin, carboxypeptidase A, alpha-amylase and lipase were 1.6- to fourfold higher in ruminants than in preruminants. Thus, most enzyme activities were modified first by colostrum and milk intake, and again upon weaning by development of the forestomachs and ingestion of solid food. These ontogenic patterns might be under the control of many gut regulatory peptides, the plasma concentrations of which changed simultaneously. Some gastric and pancreatic enzymes were correlated to plasma concentrations of these gut regulatory peptides