Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Cytokine Profiling as Predictors of Disease Severity and Survival in Unvaccinated COVID-19 Patients

During the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying reliable biomarkers for predicting disease severity and patient outcomes in unvaccinated individuals is essential. This study evaluates the efficacy of key hematological markers, including leukocyte and neutrophil counts, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR)...

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Published inVaccines (Basel) Vol. 12; no. 8; p. 861
Main Authors Méndez Rodríguez, Miguel Leonardo, Ponciano-Gómez, Alberto, Campos-Aguilar, Myriam, Tapia-Sánchez, Wilfrido David, Duarte-Martínez, Carlos Leonardo, Romero-Herrera, Jesús Salvador, Olivas-Quintero, Sandra, Saucedo-Campos, Alberto Daniel, Méndez-Cruz, Adolfo Rene, Jimenez-Flores, Rafael, Ortiz-Navarrete, Vianney, Romero-Ramírez, Hector, Santos-Argumedo, Leopoldo, Rosales-García, Victor Hugo
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 31.07.2024
MDPI
Subjects
Biomarkers
Blood
Clinical outcomes
Counting
COVID-19
COVID-19 vaccines
CXCL10 protein
cytokine profiling
Cytokines
Disease
Flow cytometry
Hematology
Hospitalization
Hospitals
immunological biomarkers
Infectious diseases
Inflammatory response
Interleukin 6
Intubation
Leukocytes
Leukocytes (neutrophilic)
Lymphocytes
Mechanical ventilation
Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1
neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)
Neutrophils
Pandemics
Pathogenesis
Patients
Public health
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Software
Survival
Tumor necrosis factor-α
Ventilation
Viral diseases
United States > US
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
cytokines
neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)
immunological biomarkers
cytokine profiling
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Abstract During the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying reliable biomarkers for predicting disease severity and patient outcomes in unvaccinated individuals is essential. This study evaluates the efficacy of key hematological markers, including leukocyte and neutrophil counts, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), and cytokine profiles (IL-6, INF-γ, TNF-α, IL-17A, CCL2, and CXCL10) for predicting the necessity for mechanical ventilation and assessing survival probabilities. We conducted an in-depth analysis on a cohort of COVID-19 patients, emphasizing the relationship between NLR, cytokine profiles, and clinical outcomes, utilizing routine leukocyte counting and cytokine quantification by flow cytometry. Elevated leukocyte and neutrophil counts, increased NLR, and significant cytokine elevations such as IL-6 and IL-10 were strongly associated with the need for mechanical ventilation, reflecting a pronounced systemic inflammatory response indicative of severe disease outcomes. Integrating hematological markers, particularly NLR and cytokine profiles, is crucial in predicting mechanical ventilation needs and survival in non-vaccinated COVID-19 patients. Our findings provide critical insights into the pathophysiology of COVID-19, supporting the development of more targeted clinical interventions and potentially informing future strategies for managing infectious disease outbreaks.
AbstractList Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying reliable biomarkers for predicting disease severity and patient outcomes in unvaccinated individuals is essential. This study evaluates the efficacy of key hematological markers, including leukocyte and neutrophil counts, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), and cytokine profiles (IL-6, INF-γ, TNF-α, IL-17A, CCL2, and CXCL10) for predicting the necessity for mechanical ventilation and assessing survival probabilities. Methods: We conducted an in-depth analysis on a cohort of COVID-19 patients, emphasizing the relationship between NLR, cytokine profiles, and clinical outcomes, utilizing routine leukocyte counting and cytokine quantification by flow cytometry. Results: Elevated leukocyte and neutrophil counts, increased NLR, and significant cytokine elevations such as IL-6 and IL-10 were strongly associated with the need for mechanical ventilation, reflecting a pronounced systemic inflammatory response indicative of severe disease outcomes. Conclusion: Integrating hematological markers, particularly NLR and cytokine profiles, is crucial in predicting mechanical ventilation needs and survival in non-vaccinated COVID-19 patients. Our findings provide critical insights into the pathophysiology of COVID-19, supporting the development of more targeted clinical interventions and potentially informing future strategies for managing infectious disease outbreaks.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying reliable biomarkers for predicting disease severity and patient outcomes in unvaccinated individuals is essential. This study evaluates the efficacy of key hematological markers, including leukocyte and neutrophil counts, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), and cytokine profiles (IL-6, INF-γ, TNF-α, IL-17A, CCL2, and CXCL10) for predicting the necessity for mechanical ventilation and assessing survival probabilities.BACKGROUNDDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying reliable biomarkers for predicting disease severity and patient outcomes in unvaccinated individuals is essential. This study evaluates the efficacy of key hematological markers, including leukocyte and neutrophil counts, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), and cytokine profiles (IL-6, INF-γ, TNF-α, IL-17A, CCL2, and CXCL10) for predicting the necessity for mechanical ventilation and assessing survival probabilities.We conducted an in-depth analysis on a cohort of COVID-19 patients, emphasizing the relationship between NLR, cytokine profiles, and clinical outcomes, utilizing routine leukocyte counting and cytokine quantification by flow cytometry.METHODSWe conducted an in-depth analysis on a cohort of COVID-19 patients, emphasizing the relationship between NLR, cytokine profiles, and clinical outcomes, utilizing routine leukocyte counting and cytokine quantification by flow cytometry.Elevated leukocyte and neutrophil counts, increased NLR, and significant cytokine elevations such as IL-6 and IL-10 were strongly associated with the need for mechanical ventilation, reflecting a pronounced systemic inflammatory response indicative of severe disease outcomes.RESULTSElevated leukocyte and neutrophil counts, increased NLR, and significant cytokine elevations such as IL-6 and IL-10 were strongly associated with the need for mechanical ventilation, reflecting a pronounced systemic inflammatory response indicative of severe disease outcomes.Integrating hematological markers, particularly NLR and cytokine profiles, is crucial in predicting mechanical ventilation needs and survival in non-vaccinated COVID-19 patients. Our findings provide critical insights into the pathophysiology of COVID-19, supporting the development of more targeted clinical interventions and potentially informing future strategies for managing infectious disease outbreaks.CONCLUSIONIntegrating hematological markers, particularly NLR and cytokine profiles, is crucial in predicting mechanical ventilation needs and survival in non-vaccinated COVID-19 patients. Our findings provide critical insights into the pathophysiology of COVID-19, supporting the development of more targeted clinical interventions and potentially informing future strategies for managing infectious disease outbreaks.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying reliable biomarkers for predicting disease severity and patient outcomes in unvaccinated individuals is essential. This study evaluates the efficacy of key hematological markers, including leukocyte and neutrophil counts, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), and cytokine profiles (IL-6, INF-γ, TNF-α, IL-17A, CCL2, and CXCL10) for predicting the necessity for mechanical ventilation and assessing survival probabilities. We conducted an in-depth analysis on a cohort of COVID-19 patients, emphasizing the relationship between NLR, cytokine profiles, and clinical outcomes, utilizing routine leukocyte counting and cytokine quantification by flow cytometry. Elevated leukocyte and neutrophil counts, increased NLR, and significant cytokine elevations such as IL-6 and IL-10 were strongly associated with the need for mechanical ventilation, reflecting a pronounced systemic inflammatory response indicative of severe disease outcomes. Integrating hematological markers, particularly NLR and cytokine profiles, is crucial in predicting mechanical ventilation needs and survival in non-vaccinated COVID-19 patients. Our findings provide critical insights into the pathophysiology of COVID-19, supporting the development of more targeted clinical interventions and potentially informing future strategies for managing infectious disease outbreaks.
Author Jimenez-Flores, Rafael
Romero-Ramírez, Hector
Ponciano-Gómez, Alberto
Campos-Aguilar, Myriam
Romero-Herrera, Jesús Salvador
Ortiz-Navarrete, Vianney
Méndez-Cruz, Adolfo Rene
Saucedo-Campos, Alberto Daniel
Santos-Argumedo, Leopoldo
Olivas-Quintero, Sandra
Duarte-Martínez, Carlos Leonardo
Méndez Rodríguez, Miguel Leonardo
Tapia-Sánchez, Wilfrido David
Rosales-García, Victor Hugo
AuthorAffiliation 2 Laboratorio de Inmunología (UMF), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Los Barrios N° 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de México, Mexico; alberto_ponciano@comunidad.unam.mx (A.P.-G.); myriam.campos@iztacala.unam.mx (M.C.-A.); alberto.saucedo@iztacala.unam.mx (A.D.S.-C.); armendez@unam.mx (A.R.M.-C.); jrjf@unam.mx (R.J.-F.)
1 Servicio de Inmunología y Alergia, Centro Médico Naval (CEMENAV), Secretaria de Marina (SEMAR), Avenida Heroica Escuela Naval Militar 745, Coapa, Presidentes Ejidales 1ra Sección, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04470, Mexico; esmenav.edu@gmail.com (M.L.M.R.); escposnav.jromero@uninav.edu.mx (J.S.R.-H.)
4 Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud Culiacán, Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, Culiacan 80020, Sinaloa, Mexico; sandra.olivas@uadeo.mx
3 Diagnóstico Molecular de Leucemias y Terapia Celular (DILETEC), Basiliso Romo Anguiano 124, Industrial, Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City 07800, Mexico; wtapia@diletec.com.mx (W
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Keywords COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
cytokines
neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)
immunological biomarkers
cytokine profiling
Language English
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PublicationPlace_xml – name: Switzerland
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PublicationTitle Vaccines (Basel)
PublicationTitleAlternate Vaccines (Basel)
PublicationYear 2024
Publisher MDPI AG
MDPI
Publisher_xml – name: MDPI AG
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Snippet During the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying reliable biomarkers for predicting disease severity and patient outcomes in unvaccinated individuals is essential....
Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying reliable biomarkers for predicting disease severity and patient outcomes in unvaccinated individuals is...
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StartPage 861
SubjectTerms Biomarkers
Blood
Clinical outcomes
Counting
COVID-19
COVID-19 vaccines
CXCL10 protein
cytokine profiling
Cytokines
Disease
Flow cytometry
Hematology
Hospitalization
Hospitals
immunological biomarkers
Infectious diseases
Inflammatory response
Interleukin 6
Intubation
Leukocytes
Leukocytes (neutrophilic)
Lymphocytes
Mechanical ventilation
Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1
neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)
Neutrophils
Pandemics
Pathogenesis
Patients
Public health
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Software
Survival
Tumor necrosis factor-α
Ventilation
Viral diseases
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Title Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Cytokine Profiling as Predictors of Disease Severity and Survival in Unvaccinated COVID-19 Patients
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39203987
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3098195583
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3099795095/abstract/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC11360520
https://doaj.org/article/90145c9add804c059a7639454420ef0d
Volume 12
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