Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Cytokine Profiling as Predictors of Disease Severity and Survival in Unvaccinated COVID-19 Patients
During the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying reliable biomarkers for predicting disease severity and patient outcomes in unvaccinated individuals is essential. This study evaluates the efficacy of key hematological markers, including leukocyte and neutrophil counts, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR)...
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Published in | Vaccines (Basel) Vol. 12; no. 8; p. 861 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
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31.07.2024
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Abstract | During the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying reliable biomarkers for predicting disease severity and patient outcomes in unvaccinated individuals is essential. This study evaluates the efficacy of key hematological markers, including leukocyte and neutrophil counts, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), and cytokine profiles (IL-6, INF-γ, TNF-α, IL-17A, CCL2, and CXCL10) for predicting the necessity for mechanical ventilation and assessing survival probabilities.
We conducted an in-depth analysis on a cohort of COVID-19 patients, emphasizing the relationship between NLR, cytokine profiles, and clinical outcomes, utilizing routine leukocyte counting and cytokine quantification by flow cytometry.
Elevated leukocyte and neutrophil counts, increased NLR, and significant cytokine elevations such as IL-6 and IL-10 were strongly associated with the need for mechanical ventilation, reflecting a pronounced systemic inflammatory response indicative of severe disease outcomes.
Integrating hematological markers, particularly NLR and cytokine profiles, is crucial in predicting mechanical ventilation needs and survival in non-vaccinated COVID-19 patients. Our findings provide critical insights into the pathophysiology of COVID-19, supporting the development of more targeted clinical interventions and potentially informing future strategies for managing infectious disease outbreaks. |
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AbstractList | Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying reliable biomarkers for predicting disease severity and patient outcomes in unvaccinated individuals is essential. This study evaluates the efficacy of key hematological markers, including leukocyte and neutrophil counts, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), and cytokine profiles (IL-6, INF-γ, TNF-α, IL-17A, CCL2, and CXCL10) for predicting the necessity for mechanical ventilation and assessing survival probabilities. Methods: We conducted an in-depth analysis on a cohort of COVID-19 patients, emphasizing the relationship between NLR, cytokine profiles, and clinical outcomes, utilizing routine leukocyte counting and cytokine quantification by flow cytometry. Results: Elevated leukocyte and neutrophil counts, increased NLR, and significant cytokine elevations such as IL-6 and IL-10 were strongly associated with the need for mechanical ventilation, reflecting a pronounced systemic inflammatory response indicative of severe disease outcomes. Conclusion: Integrating hematological markers, particularly NLR and cytokine profiles, is crucial in predicting mechanical ventilation needs and survival in non-vaccinated COVID-19 patients. Our findings provide critical insights into the pathophysiology of COVID-19, supporting the development of more targeted clinical interventions and potentially informing future strategies for managing infectious disease outbreaks. During the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying reliable biomarkers for predicting disease severity and patient outcomes in unvaccinated individuals is essential. This study evaluates the efficacy of key hematological markers, including leukocyte and neutrophil counts, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), and cytokine profiles (IL-6, INF-γ, TNF-α, IL-17A, CCL2, and CXCL10) for predicting the necessity for mechanical ventilation and assessing survival probabilities.BACKGROUNDDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying reliable biomarkers for predicting disease severity and patient outcomes in unvaccinated individuals is essential. This study evaluates the efficacy of key hematological markers, including leukocyte and neutrophil counts, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), and cytokine profiles (IL-6, INF-γ, TNF-α, IL-17A, CCL2, and CXCL10) for predicting the necessity for mechanical ventilation and assessing survival probabilities.We conducted an in-depth analysis on a cohort of COVID-19 patients, emphasizing the relationship between NLR, cytokine profiles, and clinical outcomes, utilizing routine leukocyte counting and cytokine quantification by flow cytometry.METHODSWe conducted an in-depth analysis on a cohort of COVID-19 patients, emphasizing the relationship between NLR, cytokine profiles, and clinical outcomes, utilizing routine leukocyte counting and cytokine quantification by flow cytometry.Elevated leukocyte and neutrophil counts, increased NLR, and significant cytokine elevations such as IL-6 and IL-10 were strongly associated with the need for mechanical ventilation, reflecting a pronounced systemic inflammatory response indicative of severe disease outcomes.RESULTSElevated leukocyte and neutrophil counts, increased NLR, and significant cytokine elevations such as IL-6 and IL-10 were strongly associated with the need for mechanical ventilation, reflecting a pronounced systemic inflammatory response indicative of severe disease outcomes.Integrating hematological markers, particularly NLR and cytokine profiles, is crucial in predicting mechanical ventilation needs and survival in non-vaccinated COVID-19 patients. Our findings provide critical insights into the pathophysiology of COVID-19, supporting the development of more targeted clinical interventions and potentially informing future strategies for managing infectious disease outbreaks.CONCLUSIONIntegrating hematological markers, particularly NLR and cytokine profiles, is crucial in predicting mechanical ventilation needs and survival in non-vaccinated COVID-19 patients. Our findings provide critical insights into the pathophysiology of COVID-19, supporting the development of more targeted clinical interventions and potentially informing future strategies for managing infectious disease outbreaks. During the COVID-19 pandemic, identifying reliable biomarkers for predicting disease severity and patient outcomes in unvaccinated individuals is essential. This study evaluates the efficacy of key hematological markers, including leukocyte and neutrophil counts, Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), and cytokine profiles (IL-6, INF-γ, TNF-α, IL-17A, CCL2, and CXCL10) for predicting the necessity for mechanical ventilation and assessing survival probabilities. We conducted an in-depth analysis on a cohort of COVID-19 patients, emphasizing the relationship between NLR, cytokine profiles, and clinical outcomes, utilizing routine leukocyte counting and cytokine quantification by flow cytometry. Elevated leukocyte and neutrophil counts, increased NLR, and significant cytokine elevations such as IL-6 and IL-10 were strongly associated with the need for mechanical ventilation, reflecting a pronounced systemic inflammatory response indicative of severe disease outcomes. Integrating hematological markers, particularly NLR and cytokine profiles, is crucial in predicting mechanical ventilation needs and survival in non-vaccinated COVID-19 patients. Our findings provide critical insights into the pathophysiology of COVID-19, supporting the development of more targeted clinical interventions and potentially informing future strategies for managing infectious disease outbreaks. |
Author | Jimenez-Flores, Rafael Romero-Ramírez, Hector Ponciano-Gómez, Alberto Campos-Aguilar, Myriam Romero-Herrera, Jesús Salvador Ortiz-Navarrete, Vianney Méndez-Cruz, Adolfo Rene Saucedo-Campos, Alberto Daniel Santos-Argumedo, Leopoldo Olivas-Quintero, Sandra Duarte-Martínez, Carlos Leonardo Méndez Rodríguez, Miguel Leonardo Tapia-Sánchez, Wilfrido David Rosales-García, Victor Hugo |
AuthorAffiliation | 2 Laboratorio de Inmunología (UMF), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Los Barrios N° 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de México, Mexico; alberto_ponciano@comunidad.unam.mx (A.P.-G.); myriam.campos@iztacala.unam.mx (M.C.-A.); alberto.saucedo@iztacala.unam.mx (A.D.S.-C.); armendez@unam.mx (A.R.M.-C.); jrjf@unam.mx (R.J.-F.) 1 Servicio de Inmunología y Alergia, Centro Médico Naval (CEMENAV), Secretaria de Marina (SEMAR), Avenida Heroica Escuela Naval Militar 745, Coapa, Presidentes Ejidales 1ra Sección, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04470, Mexico; esmenav.edu@gmail.com (M.L.M.R.); escposnav.jromero@uninav.edu.mx (J.S.R.-H.) 4 Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud Culiacán, Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, Culiacan 80020, Sinaloa, Mexico; sandra.olivas@uadeo.mx 3 Diagnóstico Molecular de Leucemias y Terapia Celular (DILETEC), Basiliso Romo Anguiano 124, Industrial, Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City 07800, Mexico; wtapia@diletec.com.mx (W |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 4 Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud Culiacán, Universidad Autónoma de Occidente, Culiacan 80020, Sinaloa, Mexico; sandra.olivas@uadeo.mx – name: 6 Centro de Investigación Sobre el Envejecimiento, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico City 07360, Mexico – name: 2 Laboratorio de Inmunología (UMF), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Los Barrios N° 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de México, Mexico; alberto_ponciano@comunidad.unam.mx (A.P.-G.); myriam.campos@iztacala.unam.mx (M.C.-A.); alberto.saucedo@iztacala.unam.mx (A.D.S.-C.); armendez@unam.mx (A.R.M.-C.); jrjf@unam.mx (R.J.-F.) – name: 5 Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico City 07360, Mexico; vortiz@cinvestav.mx (V.O.-N.); hromero@cinvestav.mx (H.R.-R.); lesantos@cinvestav.mx (L.S.-A.) – name: 1 Servicio de Inmunología y Alergia, Centro Médico Naval (CEMENAV), Secretaria de Marina (SEMAR), Avenida Heroica Escuela Naval Militar 745, Coapa, Presidentes Ejidales 1ra Sección, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04470, Mexico; esmenav.edu@gmail.com (M.L.M.R.); escposnav.jromero@uninav.edu.mx (J.S.R.-H.) – name: 7 Laboratorios Nacionales de Servicios Experimentales, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 14330, Mexico – name: 3 Diagnóstico Molecular de Leucemias y Terapia Celular (DILETEC), Basiliso Romo Anguiano 124, Industrial, Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City 07800, Mexico; wtapia@diletec.com.mx (W.D.T.-S.); cduarte@diletec.com.mx (C.L.D.-M.) |
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Title | Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Cytokine Profiling as Predictors of Disease Severity and Survival in Unvaccinated COVID-19 Patients |
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