Sequestration of carbon dioxide from fossil fuel production and use an overview of rationale, techniques and implications
Nations around the globe agreed to significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions when they signed the Kyoto Protocol. Although the Kyoto Protocol largely sought reductions in source emissions of problematic compounds, many questions remain regarding the ability of national governments to realis...
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| Published in | Environmental science and pollution research international Vol. 6; no. 4; pp. 245 - 246 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Germany
Springer Nature B.V
01.01.1999
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0944-1344 1614-7499 |
| DOI | 10.1007/BF02987340 |
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| Abstract | Nations around the globe agreed to significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions when they signed the Kyoto Protocol. Although the Kyoto Protocol largely sought reductions in source emissions of problematic compounds, many questions remain regarding the ability of national governments to realistically achieve their target emission reductions. As a result, several techniques for increasing carbon sequestration have been theorized. The advantages and drawbacks of CO sub(2) sequestration in the world's oceans are detailed, including supplying limiting nutrients to vast areas of the oceans to boost primary production, the direct disposal of CO sub(2) to seawater, and the injection of excess CO sub(2) to sub-seabed geological formations. |
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| AbstractList | Nations around the globe agreed to significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions when they signed the Kyoto Protocol. Although the Kyoto Protocol largely sought reductions in source emissions of problematic compounds, many questions remain regarding the ability of national governments to realistically achieve their target emission reductions. As a result, several techniques for increasing carbon sequestration have been theorized. The advantages and drawbacks of CO sub(2) sequestration in the world's oceans are detailed, including supplying limiting nutrients to vast areas of the oceans to boost primary production, the direct disposal of CO sub(2) to seawater, and the injection of excess CO sub(2) to sub-seabed geological formations. In 1992 167 nations signed the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The Convention includes the objective to achieve "stabilisation of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous interference with the climate system". The Kyoto Protocol to this Convention, adopted in 1997, sets legally binding commitments to reductions in emissions of greenhouse gases. Although many gases arising from anthropogenic activity contribute to climate forcing, carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)) is quantitatively by far the greatest contributor (64%). A key intention of the Kyoto Protocol was to achieve emissions reductions at source. Despite this, a number of proposed approaches to climate change mitigation rely instead on the development of technical mechanisms for the "management" of anthropogenic CO sub(2) in the environment. In broad terms, such approaches endeavour to limit the magnitude of atmospheric increases in C0 sub(2) concentration through attempts either to influence the partitioning of carbon between different environmental compartments or to isolate generated CO sub(2) from the atmosphere over long time-scales. Proposed strategies include direct disposal of liquid or solid CO sub(2) at sea (both above and beneath the seabed) and the enhancement of uptake of CO sub(2) by natural biological processes in the oceans. In each case, the techniques involve a high degree of intervention with ecosystems and the global carbon cycle, involving manipulations on the scale of "planetary engineering". At best these proposals are subject to enormous uncertainties, regarding both their likely effectiveness and the potential for adverse impacts at local, regional and global level. At worst they are increasingly portrayed not merely as measures to mitigate climate change to which we are already committed but also as mechanisms which will permit continued exploration and exploitation of fossil fuel reserves. This document examines a range of proposed carbon management options, some of which are currently under development, with a particular focus on issues of technical feasibility, environmental impact and legality under existing international law. |
| Author | Parmentier, Rémi Santillo, David Stringer, Ruth Johnston, Paul Krueger, Martina Hare, Bill |
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| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19005671$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| DOI | 10.1007/BF02987340 |
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| Title | Sequestration of carbon dioxide from fossil fuel production and use an overview of rationale, techniques and implications |
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