Violations to the principle of least motion: the shortest path is not always the fastest
The reaction between two molecules is usually envisioned as following a least-motion path with both molecules travelling minimum distances to meet each other. However, the reaction path of lowest activation energy is not only determined by practicality but mainly by the orbital symmetry of the invol...
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| Published in | Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP Vol. 24; no. 14; pp. 864 - 875 |
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| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
Royal Society of Chemistry
06.04.2022
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| Subjects | |
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| Abstract | The reaction between two molecules is usually envisioned as following a least-motion path with both molecules travelling minimum distances to meet each other. However, the reaction path of lowest activation energy is not only determined by practicality but mainly by the orbital symmetry of the involved reactants and the efficiency of their mutual interaction. The term non-least-motion was born to design those reactions in which reactants follow, in their route to products, pathways longer than those intuitively expected. In this review we summarize the theoretical and experimental studies that describe and rationalize reactions following non-least-motion paths, starting with the dimerizations of carbenes and followed by additional processes of these and other reactive species (silylenes, carbynes) such as insertions into single bonds and additions to π-bonds. Other examples involving less reactive partners are also included.
The shortest reaction path is not always that of lowest activation energy. |
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| AbstractList | The reaction between two molecules is usually envisioned as following a least-motion path with both molecules travelling minimum distances to meet each other. However, the reaction path of lowest activation energy is not only determined by practicality but mainly by the orbital symmetry of the involved reactants and the efficiency of their mutual interaction. The term non-least-motion was born to design those reactions in which reactants follow, in their route to products, pathways longer than those intuitively expected. In this review we summarize the theoretical and experimental studies that describe and rationalize reactions following non-least-motion paths, starting with the dimerizations of carbenes and followed by additional processes of these and other reactive species (silylenes, carbynes) such as insertions into single bonds and additions to π-bonds. Other examples involving less reactive partners are also included.
The shortest reaction path is not always that of lowest activation energy. The reaction between two molecules is usually envisioned as following a least-motion path with both molecules travelling minimum distances to meet each other. However, the reaction path of lowest activation energy is not only determined by practicality but mainly by the orbital symmetry of the involved reactants and the efficiency of their mutual interaction. The term non-least-motion was born to design those reactions in which reactants follow, in their route to products, pathways longer than those intuitively expected. In this review we summarize the theoretical and experimental studies that describe and rationalize reactions following non-least-motion paths, starting with the dimerizations of carbenes and followed by additional processes of these and other reactive species (silylenes, carbynes) such as insertions into single bonds and additions to π-bonds. Other examples involving less reactive partners are also included. |
| Author | Reis, Marta Castiñeira Marin-Luna, Marta Alajarin, Mateo |
| AuthorAffiliation | Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen – name: Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Universidad de Murcia |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Marta Castiñeira surname: Reis fullname: Reis, Marta Castiñeira – sequence: 2 givenname: Mateo surname: Alajarin fullname: Alajarin, Mateo – sequence: 3 givenname: Marta surname: Marin-Luna fullname: Marin-Luna, Marta |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35322830$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Title | Violations to the principle of least motion: the shortest path is not always the fastest |
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