Impact of Phosphorus Fertilization on Leaching, Accumulation, and Microbial Cycling in New Apple Orchards

• Published in: Agronomy (Basel) Vol. 15; no. 4; p. 952
• Main Authors: Shen, Yuwen, Lin, Haitao, Xue, Rui, Ma, Yanan, Song, Yan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.04.2025
• Subjects: Accumulation; Acid phosphatase; Agricultural land; Agricultural practices; Agriculture; Alkaline soils; Aluminum; Bacterial leaching; Barren lands; Bioavailability; Calcium; Carbon content; Crops; Cycles; Efficiency; Electrical conductivity; Electrical resistivity; Environmental risk; Fertilization; Fertilizers; Field tests; Grasses; Intercropping; Irrigation; Leaching; Microorganisms; new apple orchard; Orchards; Organic carbon; Organic soils; Phosphatases; Phosphates; Phosphatic fertilizers; Phosphorus; Phosphorus content; phosphorus cycling genes; phosphorus fertilization; phosphorus fixation; Potassium; Runoff; Soil acidity; Soil amendments; Soil chemistry; Soil conditioners; Soil fertility; Soil pH; soil phosphorus leaching; Soils; United States; China; California

Field experiments spanning five years were conducted to convert barren mountainous land into apple orchards, testing five phosphorus (P) fertilization schemes: no inorganic P (NP0K), superphosphate (FP), water-soluble inorganic P (WSF), superphosphate with alkaline soil conditioner (SC), and superph...