Phytochemical Profiling and Compound Isolation of Cissus rhombifolia Vahl. Leaves Aqueous Methanolic Extract with the Evaluation of Its Anti‐Inflammatory Effect Using Lipopolysaccharide‐Induced Inflammation in RAW 264.7 Cells

• Published in: Chemistry & biodiversity Vol. 20; no. 7; pp. e202300307 - n/a
• Main Authors: Raslan, Mona A., Mounier, Marwa M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.07.2023
• Subjects: alliospiroside A; Cell viability; Chromatography; Cissus rhombifolia; Column chromatography; Cytokines; High performance liquid chromatography; Immunoassays; inflammation; Inflammatory diseases; Interleukin 6; Lipopolysaccharides; Liquid chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; Nitric oxide; Nitric-oxide synthase; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; phytochemistry; Prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase; RAW 264.7 macrophages; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Western blotting; alliospiroside A; RAW 264.7 macrophages; inflammation; Cissus rhombifolia; phytochemistry
• DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300307
• ISSN: 1612-1872

The inflammatory disorders represent a serious health issue. Certain Cissus species possess anti‐inflammatory effect. Cissus rhombifolia Vahl. leaves’ anti‐inflammatory activities and phytoconstituents are poorly characterized. In this study, 38 constituents were tentatively characterized in Cissus rhombifolia Vahl. leaves’ aqueous methanolic extract (CRLE) using high‐performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) and Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H‐NMR). Myricetin, β‐amyrin, and alliospiroside A, were isolated from CRLE using column chromatography. The anti‐inflammatory effect of CRLE and its isolated compounds were studied in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced RAW 264.7 cells. 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT assay) was used to assess how CRLE and its isolated compounds affected cell viability. Further, its effects on the production of intracellular NO, and inflammatory cytokines cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), and interleukin 6 (IL‐6) were assessed by the Griess test, and cytokine enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays, respectively. CRLE and its isolated compounds, myricetin, β‐amyrin, and alliospiroside A decreased the NO production. Western blotting was performed to assess the protein expression levels of the inflammatory cytokines inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Alliospiroside A downregulated IL‐6, TNF‐α, and COX‐2 and inhibited the expression of iNOS. CRLE and its compounds represent effective alternative candidate to treat inflammatory diseases.