A General Approach to Design Dual Ratiometric Fluorescent and Photoacoustic Probes for Quantitatively Visualizing Tumor Hypoxia Levels In Vivo

Herein, we describe an energy balance strategy between fluorescence and photoacoustic effects by sulfur substitution to transform existing hemicyanine dyes (Cy) into optimized NIRF/PA dual ratiometric scaffolds. Based on this optimized scaffold, we reported the first dual‐ratio response of nitroredu...

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Published inAngewandte Chemie International Edition Vol. 61; no. 7; pp. e202107076 - n/a
Main Authors Zhang, Shuping, Chen, Hua, Wang, Liping, Qin, Xue, Jiang, Bang‐Ping, Ji, Shi‐Chen, Shen, Xing‐Can, Liang, Hong
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published WEINHEIM Wiley 07.02.2022
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
EditionInternational ed. in English
Subjects
Animals
Biomarkers
Breast cancer
Carbocyanines - chemical synthesis
Carbocyanines - chemistry
Cell Line, Tumor
Chemistry
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Drug Design
Dual ratiometric platform
Energy balance
Fluorescence
Fluorescent Dyes - chemical synthesis
Fluorescent Dyes - chemistry
Fluorescent indicators
Hypoxia
In vivo imaging
Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental - diagnostic imaging
Medical imaging
Mice
Mice, Nude
Molecular Structure
Nitrobenzene
Nitrogen dioxide
Nitroreductase
Optical Imaging
Photoacoustic effect
Photoacoustic Techniques
Physical Sciences
Quantitative detection
Scaffolds
Science & Technology
Solid tumors
Sulfur
Thioxanthene
Tumor Hypoxia
Tumors
Xenografts
Xenotransplantation
Dual ratiometric platform
NANOPARTICLES
Nitroreductase
Tumor hypoxia
AGENTS
MICROSCOPY
Quantitative detection
In vivo imaging
NEAR-INFRARED FLUORESCENCE
Online AccessGet full text

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Abstract Herein, we describe an energy balance strategy between fluorescence and photoacoustic effects by sulfur substitution to transform existing hemicyanine dyes (Cy) into optimized NIRF/PA dual ratiometric scaffolds. Based on this optimized scaffold, we reported the first dual‐ratio response of nitroreductase probe AS‐Cy‐NO2, which allows quantitative visualization of tumor hypoxia in vivo. AS‐Cy‐NO2, composed of a new NIRF/PA scaffold thioxanthene‐hemicyanine (AS‐Cy‐1) and a 4‐nitrobenzene moiety, showed a 10‐fold ratiometric NIRF enhancement (I773/I733) and 2.4‐fold ratiometric PA enhancement (PA730/PA670) upon activation by a biomarker (nitroreductase, NTR) associated with tumor hypoxia. Moreover, the dual ratiometric NIRF/PA imaging accurately quantified the hypoxia extent with high sensitivity and high imaging depth in xenograft breast cancer models. More importantly, the 3D maximal intensity projection (MIP) PA images of the probe can precisely differentiate the highly heterogeneous oxygen distribution in solid tumor. Thus, this study provides a promising NIRF/PA scaffold that may be generalized for the dual ratiometric imaging of other disease‐relevant biomarkers. We have described a general energy balance approach by sulfur substitution to transform existing hemicyanine dyes (Cy) into optimized NIRF/PA dual ratiometric scaffolds. Based on this optimized platform, the first dual‐ratio NIRF/PA response probe AS‐Cy‐NO2 was designed for quantitatively and precisely monitoring of tumor hypoxia levels in vivo.
AbstractList Herein, we describe an energy balance strategy between fluorescence and photoacoustic effects by sulfur substitution to transform existing hemicyanine dyes (Cy) into optimized NIRF/PA dual ratiometric scaffolds. Based on this optimized scaffold, we reported the first dual-ratio response of nitroreductase probe AS-Cy-NO , which allows quantitative visualization of tumor hypoxia in vivo. AS-Cy-NO , composed of a new NIRF/PA scaffold thioxanthene-hemicyanine (AS-Cy-1) and a 4-nitrobenzene moiety, showed a 10-fold ratiometric NIRF enhancement (I /I ) and 2.4-fold ratiometric PA enhancement (PA /PA ) upon activation by a biomarker (nitroreductase, NTR) associated with tumor hypoxia. Moreover, the dual ratiometric NIRF/PA imaging accurately quantified the hypoxia extent with high sensitivity and high imaging depth in xenograft breast cancer models. More importantly, the 3D maximal intensity projection (MIP) PA images of the probe can precisely differentiate the highly heterogeneous oxygen distribution in solid tumor. Thus, this study provides a promising NIRF/PA scaffold that may be generalized for the dual ratiometric imaging of other disease-relevant biomarkers.
Herein, we describe an energy balance strategy between fluorescence and photoacoustic effects by sulfur substitution to transform existing hemicyanine dyes (Cy) into optimized NIRF/PA dual ratiometric scaffolds. Based on this optimized scaffold, we reported the first dual-ratio response of nitroreductase probe AS-Cy-NO2 , which allows quantitative visualization of tumor hypoxia in vivo. AS-Cy-NO2 , composed of a new NIRF/PA scaffold thioxanthene-hemicyanine (AS-Cy-1) and a 4-nitrobenzene moiety, showed a 10-fold ratiometric NIRF enhancement (I773 /I733 ) and 2.4-fold ratiometric PA enhancement (PA730 /PA670 ) upon activation by a biomarker (nitroreductase, NTR) associated with tumor hypoxia. Moreover, the dual ratiometric NIRF/PA imaging accurately quantified the hypoxia extent with high sensitivity and high imaging depth in xenograft breast cancer models. More importantly, the 3D maximal intensity projection (MIP) PA images of the probe can precisely differentiate the highly heterogeneous oxygen distribution in solid tumor. Thus, this study provides a promising NIRF/PA scaffold that may be generalized for the dual ratiometric imaging of other disease-relevant biomarkers.Herein, we describe an energy balance strategy between fluorescence and photoacoustic effects by sulfur substitution to transform existing hemicyanine dyes (Cy) into optimized NIRF/PA dual ratiometric scaffolds. Based on this optimized scaffold, we reported the first dual-ratio response of nitroreductase probe AS-Cy-NO2 , which allows quantitative visualization of tumor hypoxia in vivo. AS-Cy-NO2 , composed of a new NIRF/PA scaffold thioxanthene-hemicyanine (AS-Cy-1) and a 4-nitrobenzene moiety, showed a 10-fold ratiometric NIRF enhancement (I773 /I733 ) and 2.4-fold ratiometric PA enhancement (PA730 /PA670 ) upon activation by a biomarker (nitroreductase, NTR) associated with tumor hypoxia. Moreover, the dual ratiometric NIRF/PA imaging accurately quantified the hypoxia extent with high sensitivity and high imaging depth in xenograft breast cancer models. More importantly, the 3D maximal intensity projection (MIP) PA images of the probe can precisely differentiate the highly heterogeneous oxygen distribution in solid tumor. Thus, this study provides a promising NIRF/PA scaffold that may be generalized for the dual ratiometric imaging of other disease-relevant biomarkers.
Herein, we describe an energy balance strategy between fluorescence and photoacoustic effects by sulfur substitution to transform existing hemicyanine dyes (Cy) into optimized NIRF/PA dual ratiometric scaffolds. Based on this optimized scaffold, we reported the first dual‐ratio response of nitroreductase probe AS‐Cy‐NO2, which allows quantitative visualization of tumor hypoxia in vivo. AS‐Cy‐NO2, composed of a new NIRF/PA scaffold thioxanthene‐hemicyanine (AS‐Cy‐1) and a 4‐nitrobenzene moiety, showed a 10‐fold ratiometric NIRF enhancement (I773/I733) and 2.4‐fold ratiometric PA enhancement (PA730/PA670) upon activation by a biomarker (nitroreductase, NTR) associated with tumor hypoxia. Moreover, the dual ratiometric NIRF/PA imaging accurately quantified the hypoxia extent with high sensitivity and high imaging depth in xenograft breast cancer models. More importantly, the 3D maximal intensity projection (MIP) PA images of the probe can precisely differentiate the highly heterogeneous oxygen distribution in solid tumor. Thus, this study provides a promising NIRF/PA scaffold that may be generalized for the dual ratiometric imaging of other disease‐relevant biomarkers.
Herein, we describe an energy balance strategy between fluorescence and photoacoustic effects by sulfur substitution to transform existing hemicyanine dyes (Cy) into optimized NIRF/PA dual ratiometric scaffolds. Based on this optimized scaffold, we reported the first dual‐ratio response of nitroreductase probe AS‐Cy‐NO2, which allows quantitative visualization of tumor hypoxia in vivo. AS‐Cy‐NO2, composed of a new NIRF/PA scaffold thioxanthene‐hemicyanine (AS‐Cy‐1) and a 4‐nitrobenzene moiety, showed a 10‐fold ratiometric NIRF enhancement (I773/I733) and 2.4‐fold ratiometric PA enhancement (PA730/PA670) upon activation by a biomarker (nitroreductase, NTR) associated with tumor hypoxia. Moreover, the dual ratiometric NIRF/PA imaging accurately quantified the hypoxia extent with high sensitivity and high imaging depth in xenograft breast cancer models. More importantly, the 3D maximal intensity projection (MIP) PA images of the probe can precisely differentiate the highly heterogeneous oxygen distribution in solid tumor. Thus, this study provides a promising NIRF/PA scaffold that may be generalized for the dual ratiometric imaging of other disease‐relevant biomarkers. We have described a general energy balance approach by sulfur substitution to transform existing hemicyanine dyes (Cy) into optimized NIRF/PA dual ratiometric scaffolds. Based on this optimized platform, the first dual‐ratio NIRF/PA response probe AS‐Cy‐NO2 was designed for quantitatively and precisely monitoring of tumor hypoxia levels in vivo.
Herein, we describe an energy balance strategy between fluorescence and photoacoustic effects by sulfur substitution to transform existing hemicyanine dyes (Cy) into optimized NIRF/PA dual ratiometric scaffolds. Based on this optimized scaffold, we reported the first dual‐ratio response of nitroreductase probe AS‐Cy‐NO 2 , which allows quantitative visualization of tumor hypoxia in vivo. AS‐Cy‐NO 2 , composed of a new NIRF/PA scaffold thioxanthene‐hemicyanine (AS‐Cy‐1) and a 4‐nitrobenzene moiety, showed a 10‐fold ratiometric NIRF enhancement (I 773 /I 733 ) and 2.4‐fold ratiometric PA enhancement (PA 730 /PA 670 ) upon activation by a biomarker (nitroreductase, NTR) associated with tumor hypoxia. Moreover, the dual ratiometric NIRF/PA imaging accurately quantified the hypoxia extent with high sensitivity and high imaging depth in xenograft breast cancer models. More importantly, the 3D maximal intensity projection (MIP) PA images of the probe can precisely differentiate the highly heterogeneous oxygen distribution in solid tumor. Thus, this study provides a promising NIRF/PA scaffold that may be generalized for the dual ratiometric imaging of other disease‐relevant biomarkers.
Herein, we describe an energy balance strategy between fluorescence and photoacoustic effects by sulfur substitution to transform existing hemicyanine dyes (Cy) into optimized NIRF/PA dual ratiometric scaffolds. Based on this optimized scaffold, we reported the first dual-ratio response of nitroreductase probe AS-Cy-NO2, which allows quantitative visualization of tumor hypoxia in vivo. AS-Cy-NO2, composed of a new NIRF/PA scaffold thioxanthene-hemicyanine (AS-Cy-1) and a 4-nitrobenzene moiety, showed a 10-fold ratiometric NIRF enhancement (I-773/I-733) and 2.4-fold ratiometric PA enhancement (PA(730)/PA(670)) upon activation by a biomarker (nitroreductase, NTR) associated with tumor hypoxia. Moreover, the dual ratiometric NIRF/PA imaging accurately quantified the hypoxia extent with high sensitivity and high imaging depth in xenograft breast cancer models. More importantly, the 3D maximal intensity projection (MIP) PA images of the probe can precisely differentiate the highly heterogeneous oxygen distribution in solid tumor. Thus, this study provides a promising NIRF/PA scaffold that may be generalized for the dual ratiometric imaging of other disease-relevant biomarkers.
ArticleNumber 202107076
Author Qin, Xue
Ji, Shi‐Chen
Liang, Hong
Wang, Liping
Shen, Xing‐Can
Chen, Hua
Zhang, Shuping
Jiang, Bang‐Ping
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  surname: Zhang
  fullname: Zhang, Shuping
  organization: Guangxi Normal University
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Hua
  surname: Chen
  fullname: Chen, Hua
  email: xcshen@mailbox.gxnu.edu.cn
  organization: Guangxi Normal University
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Liping
  surname: Wang
  fullname: Wang, Liping
  organization: Guangxi Normal University
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  givenname: Xue
  surname: Qin
  fullname: Qin, Xue
  organization: Guangxi Normal University
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Bang‐Ping
  surname: Jiang
  fullname: Jiang, Bang‐Ping
  organization: Guangxi Normal University
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  givenname: Shi‐Chen
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  fullname: Ji, Shi‐Chen
  organization: Guangxi Normal University
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  orcidid: 0000-0002-7116-6919
  surname: Shen
  fullname: Shen, Xing‐Can
  email: chenhuagnu@gxnu.edu.cn
  organization: Guangxi Normal University
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Hong
  surname: Liang
  fullname: Liang, Hong
  organization: Guangxi Normal University
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34227715$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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1521-3773
IngestDate Thu Jul 10 22:12:08 EDT 2025
Sun Jul 13 05:43:17 EDT 2025
Wed Feb 19 02:26:44 EST 2025
Wed Jul 09 18:14:04 EDT 2025
Fri Aug 29 16:08:02 EDT 2025
Tue Jul 01 01:18:05 EDT 2025
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IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 7
Keywords Dual ratiometric platform
NANOPARTICLES
Nitroreductase
Tumor hypoxia
AGENTS
MICROSCOPY
Quantitative detection
In vivo imaging
NEAR-INFRARED FLUORESCENCE
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  article-title: Activatable Hybrid Nanotheranostics for Tetramodal Imaging and Synergistic Photothermal/Photodynamic Therapy
  publication-title: ADVANCED MATERIALS
  doi: 10.1002/adma.201704367
– volume: 14
  start-page: 9408
  year: 2020
  ident: WOS:000566341000012
  article-title: Engineering Plasmonic Nanoparticles for Enhanced Photoacoustic Imaging
  publication-title: ACS NANO
  doi: 10.1021/acsnano.0c05215
– volume: 130
  start-page: 7595
  year: 2018
  ident: 000734695800001.11
  publication-title: Angew. Chem.
SSID ssj0028806
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Snippet Herein, we describe an energy balance strategy between fluorescence and photoacoustic effects by sulfur substitution to transform existing hemicyanine dyes...
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StartPage e202107076
SubjectTerms Animals
Biomarkers
Breast cancer
Carbocyanines - chemical synthesis
Carbocyanines - chemistry
Cell Line, Tumor
Chemistry
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Drug Design
Dual ratiometric platform
Energy balance
Fluorescence
Fluorescent Dyes - chemical synthesis
Fluorescent Dyes - chemistry
Fluorescent indicators
Hypoxia
In vivo imaging
Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental - diagnostic imaging
Medical imaging
Mice
Mice, Nude
Molecular Structure
Nitrobenzene
Nitrogen dioxide
Nitroreductase
Optical Imaging
Photoacoustic effect
Photoacoustic Techniques
Physical Sciences
Quantitative detection
Scaffolds
Science & Technology
Solid tumors
Sulfur
Thioxanthene
Tumor Hypoxia
Tumors
Xenografts
Xenotransplantation
Title A General Approach to Design Dual Ratiometric Fluorescent and Photoacoustic Probes for Quantitatively Visualizing Tumor Hypoxia Levels In Vivo
URI https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002%2Fanie.202107076
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34227715
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2624096136
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2548905293
Volume 61
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