Incidence, management and outcome assessment of post operative infection following single bundle and double bundle acl reconstruction
Abstract Introduction Post-operative infection is a dreadful complication of ACL reconstruction with gray zone over management guidelines. We aimed to establish commonest etiology, assess incidence of infection and effect on outcome, individually for single and double bundle ACL reconstruction techn...
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Published in | Journal of clinical orthopaedics and trauma Vol. 9; no. 2; pp. 167 - 171 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
India
Elsevier
01.04.2018
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Abstract Introduction Post-operative infection is a dreadful complication of ACL reconstruction with gray zone over management guidelines. We aimed to establish commonest etiology, assess incidence of infection and effect on outcome, individually for single and double bundle ACL reconstruction techniques, so as to formulate appropriate management guidelines. Methods Our prospective study involved 1152 patients operated for ACL reconstruction (437– DBACL, 715– SBACL) from 2010–2013. Post-operative infection was diagnosed clinically supported by positive gram stain/ culture and increased cell count in knee aspirate. All patients were started on empirical antibiotics and arthroscopic lavage and debridement was done. Graft was retained if it was stable and intact. Data recorded at follow up was analysed statistically. Results In SBACL infection rate was 0.84% while in DBACL it was 2.52%. All patients with infection presented with pain, effusion, fever and increased WBC, ESR & CRP. Average time of presentation after the surgery was 2.27 weeks for DBACL and 2.16 weeks for SBACL. In both groups, S.aureus followed by S. epidermidis were commonest isolates. Patients were given IV antibiotics for 2 weeks and oral for further 4 weeks. Discussion Incidence of infection is higher with the double bundle technique, however, the functional outcome is not affected (p value 0.231). Joint aspirate is the gold standard diagnostic test for infection. CRP and ESR are the next dependable tests with high sensitivity but their specificity is low. A thorough debridement is necessary apart from recommended antibiotic cover of 2 weeks IV followed by 4 weeks oral antibiotics. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 0976-5662 2213-3445 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.jcot.2017.09.017 |