Arsenic contamination, impact and mitigation strategies in rice agro-environment: An inclusive insight

• Published in: The Science of the total environment Vol. 800; p. 149477
• Main Authors: Moulick, Debojyoti, Samanta, Suman, Sarkar, Sukamal, Mukherjee, Arkabanee, Pattnaik, Binaya Kumar, Saha, Saikat, Awasthi, Jay Prakash, Bhowmick, Subhamoy, Ghosh, Dibakar, Samal, Alok Chandra, Mahanta, Subrata, Mazumder, Muhammed Khairujjaman, Choudhury, Shuvasish, Bramhachari, Koushik, Biswas, Jayanta Kumar, Santra, Subhas Chandra
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 15.12.2021
• Subjects: Arsenic; Arsenic - analysis; Arsenic - toxicity; Food Contamination; Mitigation options; Molecular phytotoxicity; Oryza; Prospective Studies; Rice; Soil; Soil Pollutants - analysis; Soil Pollutants - toxicity; Mitigation options; Soil; Arsenic; Molecular phytotoxicity; Rice
• ISSN: 0048-9697; 1879-1026
• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149477

Arsenic (As) contamination and its adverse consequences on rice agroecosystem are well known. Rice has the credit to feed more than 50% of the world population but concurrently, rice accumulates a substantial amount of As, thereby compromising food security. The gravity of the situation lays in the fact that the population in theAs uncontaminated areas may be accidentally exposed to toxic levels of As from rice consumption. In this review, we are trying to summarize the documents on the impact of As contamination and phytotoxicity in past two decades. The unique feature of this attempt is wide spectrum coverages of topics, and that makes it truly an interdisciplinary review. Aprat from the behaviour of As in rice field soil, we have documented the cellular and molecular response of rice plant upon exposure to As. The potential of various mitigation strategies with particular emphasis on using biochar, seed priming technology, irrigation management, transgenic variety development and other agronomic methods have been critically explored. The review attempts to give a comprehensive and multidiciplinary insight into the behaviour of As in Paddy –Water – Soil – Plate prospective from molecular to post-harvest phase. From the comprehensive literature review, we may conclude that considerable emphasis on rice grain, nutritional and anti-nutritional components, and grain quality traits under arsenic stress condition is yet to be given. Besides these, some emerging mitigation options like seed priming technology, adoption of nanotechnological strategies, applications of biochar should be fortified in large scale without interfering with the proper use of biodiversity. [Display omitted] •Arsenic contamination in rice agro-ecosystem is considered as the biggest threat.•Paddy field environment can modulate stress response, accumulation in rice plant.•Phytotoxicity, yield reduction and alternation in grain quality are key issues.•Next to drinking water, transmission of arsenic through consumption of rice grain.•Emerging amelioration strategies can be effective in minimizing arsenic stress.