Effects of wetland depth and flow rate on residence time distribution characteristics
The residence time distribution (RTD) representing the hydraulics of a wetland is an important tool for modeling and designing treatment wetlands for optimal constituent removal. To correctly use RTD results, it is necessary to understand the conditions under which this distribution remains stable....
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| Published in | Ecological engineering Vol. 23; no. 3; pp. 189 - 203 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Elsevier B.V
01.11.2004
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0925-8574 1872-6992 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2004.09.003 |
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| Abstract | The residence time distribution (RTD) representing the hydraulics of a wetland is an important tool for modeling and designing treatment wetlands for optimal constituent removal. To correctly use RTD results, it is necessary to understand the conditions under which this distribution remains stable. Dye tracer experiments were conducted on a stormwater treatment wetland to investigate hydrologic factors affecting RTD characteristics. Dye was introduced into the inflow under normal flow conditions and during simulated storm flows, providing a range of flow rates and water levels. Dye distribution in the outlet was measured using an in situ fluorometer. Results indicate that flow rates did not have a significant effect on RTD characteristics. The RTDs normalized for volume and flow demonstrated a greater amount of short-circuiting and a larger mixing scale when water depth increased, demonstrating that water level can have a direct impact on the RTD of a wetland. This effect suggests that more than one RTD may be necessary for analyzing a wetland subject to changing water levels. For the wetland in this study, increasing the water depth elicited a decrease in hydraulic efficiency. Understanding such factors that affect hydraulic efficiency will aid in the design and management of wetlands. |
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| AbstractList | The residence time distribution (RTD) representing the hydraulics of a wetland is an important tool for modeling and designing treatment wetlands for optimal constituent removal. To correctly use RTD results, it is necessary to understand the conditions under which this distribution remains stable. Dye tracer experiments were conducted on a stormwater treatment wetland to investigate hydrologic factors affecting RTD characteristics. Dye was introduced into the inflow under normal flow conditions and during simulated storm flows, providing a range of flow rates and water levels. Dye distribution in the outlet was measured using an in situ fluorometer. Results indicate that flow rates did not have a significant effect on RTD characteristics. The RTDs normalized for volume and flow demonstrated a greater amount of short-circuiting and a larger mixing scale when water depth increased, demonstrating that water level can have a direct impact on the RTD of a wetland. This effect suggests that more than one RTD may be necessary for analyzing a wetland subject to changing water levels. For the wetland in this study, increasing the water depth elicited a decrease in hydraulic efficiency. Understanding such factors that affect hydraulic efficiency will aid in the design and management of wetlands. |
| Author | Holland, Jeff F. Martin, Jay F. Granata, Timothy Bouchard, Virginie Brown, Larry Quigley, Martin |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jeff F. surname: Holland fullname: Holland, Jeff F. email: holland.144@osu.edu organization: Department of Food, Agricultural, and Biological Engineering, The Ohio State University, 590 Woody Hayes Dr., Columbus, OH 43210, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Jay F. surname: Martin fullname: Martin, Jay F. organization: Department of Food, Agricultural, and Biological Engineering, The Ohio State University, 590 Woody Hayes Dr., Columbus, OH 43210, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Timothy surname: Granata fullname: Granata, Timothy organization: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Geodetic Science, The Ohio State University, 2070 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Virginie surname: Bouchard fullname: Bouchard, Virginie organization: School of Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, 2021 Coffey Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Martin surname: Quigley fullname: Quigley, Martin organization: Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, The Ohio State University, 2001 Fyffe Court, Columbus, OH 43210, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Larry surname: Brown fullname: Brown, Larry organization: Department of Food, Agricultural, and Biological Engineering, The Ohio State University, 590 Woody Hayes Dr., Columbus, OH 43210, USA |
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| Keywords | Rhodamine WT Hydrology Dye tracer Hydraulic efficiency Nonideal flow Moment analysis |
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| Title | Effects of wetland depth and flow rate on residence time distribution characteristics |
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