Development of an interactive ultra-high resolution magnetic resonance neurography atlas of the brachial plexus and upper extremity peripheral nerves

• Published in: Clinical imaging Vol. 119; p. 110400
• Main Authors: Colucci, Philip G., Gao, Madeleine A., Tan, Ek Tsoon, Queler, Sophie, Belanger, Marianne, Tsai, Joyce, Carrino, John A., Sneag, Darryl B.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.03.2025
• Subjects: Adult; Brachial plexus; Brachial Plexus - anatomy & histology; Brachial Plexus - diagnostic imaging; Education; Female; Humans; Interactive atlas; Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods; Male; Middle Aged; MR neurography; Peripheral Nerves - anatomy & histology; Peripheral Nerves - diagnostic imaging; Upper extremity; Upper Extremity - diagnostic imaging; Upper Extremity - innervation; Vascular suppression; Young Adult; Interactive atlas; Vascular suppression; MR neurography; Upper extremity; Education; Brachial plexus
• DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2024.110400
• ISSN: 0899-7071; 1873-4499

To develop an educational, interactive, ultra-high resolution, in vivo magnetic resonance (MR) neurography atlas for direct visualization of the brachial plexus and upper extremity. A total of 16 adult volunteers without known peripheral neuropathy underwent magnetic resonance (MR) neurography of the brachial plexus and upper extremity. To improve vascular suppression, subjects received an intravenous infusion of ferumoxytol. To improve image quality, MR neurography datasets were reconstructed using a deep learning algorithm. The atlas was then developed using a web-based user-interface software, which allowed for labeling of peripheral nerves and muscles, and mapping of muscles to their respective innervation. The user interface was optimized to maximize interactivity and user-friendliness. Fifteen subjects completed at least one scan with no reported adverse reactions from the ferumoxytol infusions. Adequate vascular suppression was observed in all MR neurography datasets. The images of the brachial plexus and upper extremity included in this atlas allowed for identification and labeling of 177 unique anatomical structures from the neck to the wrist. The atlas was made freely accessible on the internet. A detailed and interactive MR neurography atlas of the brachial plexus and upper extremity was successfully developed to depict small nerves and fascicular detail with unprecedented spatial and contrast resolution. This freely available online resource (https://www.hss.edu/MRNatlas) can be used as an educational tool and clinical reference. The techniques utilized in this project serve as a framework for continued work in expanding the atlas to cover other peripheral nerve territories. •Development of a MR neurography atlas of the brachial plexus and upper extremity.•IV ferumoxytol provides excellent qualitative vascular suppression.•This atlas is a framework for expansion to other peripheral nerve territories.