Oscillatory Behavior of the Solutions for a Parkinson’s Disease Model with Discrete and Distributed Delays

• Published in: Axioms Vol. 13; no. 2; p. 75
• Main Author: Feng, Chunhua
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Basel MDPI AG 01.01.2024
• Subjects: Analysis; Bifurcation theory; delay; Disease; Distributions, Theory of (Functional analysis); Equilibrium; instability; Linearization; Mathematical models; Neurons; Oscillation; oscillatory solution; Parkinson's disease; Parkinson’s disease model; Stability; Tests, problems and exercises; Time lag; United States
• DOI: 10.3390/axioms13020075
• ISSN: 2075-1680

In this paper, the oscillatory behavior of the solutions for a Parkinson’s disease model with discrete and distributed delays is discussed. The distributed delay terms can be changed to new functions such that the original model is equivalent to a system in which it only has discrete delays. Using Taylor’s expansion, the system can be linearized at the equilibrium to obtain both the linearized part and the nonlinearized part. One can see that the nonlinearized part is a disturbed term of the system. Therefore, the instability of the linearized system implies the instability of the whole system. If a system is unstable for a small delay, then the instability of this system will be maintained as the delay increased. By analyzing the linearized system at the smallest delay, some sufficient conditions to guarantee the existence of oscillatory solutions for a delayed Parkinson’s disease system can be obtained. It is found that under suitable conditions on the parameters, time delay affects the stability of the system. The present method does not need to consider a bifurcating equation. Some numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the theoretical result.