The depth of executive function: Depth information aids executive function under challenging task conditions
The present studies investigated how three core aspects of executive functioning may be influenced by the presence of depth information. Specifically, participants were assigned to one of three executive functioning tasks: working memory (i.e., a change detection task), selective attention (i.e., a...
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Published in | Attention, perception & psychophysics Vol. 84; no. 6; pp. 2060 - 2073 |
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Main Authors | , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
New York
Springer US
01.08.2022
Springer Nature B.V |
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Abstract | The present studies investigated how three core aspects of executive functioning may be influenced by the presence of depth information. Specifically, participants were assigned to one of three executive functioning tasks: working memory (i.e., a change detection task), selective attention (i.e., a visual search task), or inhibitory control (i.e., a flanker task). For all three tasks, participants completed trials where the items in the display were presented either all in one depth plane or the target item was isolated in depth. For the working memory and selective attention tasks, there was an additional condition where items were evenly distributed across two depth planes. Each task also had multiple levels of difficulty to explore if task conditions influence the effect of depth information. Results indicated that although depth information can improve both working memory and selective attention performance, this benefit is specific to the task difficulty and depth information can even hinder performance under certain circumstances. Depth information did not appear to influence inhibitory control performance. Future work is required to investigate if depth can improve inhibitory control performance, and how/what task conditions influence the benefit of depth information. Until further research is completed, researchers and designers should be cautious when implementing multidimensional (3D) displays, as it remains unclear if the performance benefits of including depth information outweigh the present costs. |
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AbstractList | The present studies investigated how three core aspects of executive functioning may be influenced by the presence of depth information. Specifically, participants were assigned to one of three executive functioning tasks: working memory (i.e., a change detection task), selective attention (i.e., a visual search task), or inhibitory control (i.e., a flanker task). For all three tasks, participants completed trials where the items in the display were presented either all in one depth plane or the target item was isolated in depth. For the working memory and selective attention tasks, there was an additional condition where items were evenly distributed across two depth planes. Each task also had multiple levels of difficulty to explore if task conditions influence the effect of depth information. Results indicated that although depth information can improve both working memory and selective attention performance, this benefit is specific to the task difficulty and depth information can even hinder performance under certain circumstances. Depth information did not appear to influence inhibitory control performance. Future work is required to investigate if depth can improve inhibitory control performance, and how/what task conditions influence the benefit of depth information. Until further research is completed, researchers and designers should be cautious when implementing multidimensional (3D) displays, as it remains unclear if the performance benefits of including depth information outweigh the present costs. The present studies investigated how three core aspects of executive functioning may be influenced by the presence of depth information. Specifically, participants were assigned to one ofthree executive functioning tasks: working memory (i.e., a change detection task), selective attention (i.e., a visual search task), or inhibitory control (i.e., a flanker task). For all three tasks, participants completed trials where the items in the display were presented either all in one depth plane or the target item was isolated in depth. For the working memory and selective attention tasks, there was an additional condition where items were evenly distributed across two depth planes. Each task also had multiple levels of difficulty to explore if task conditions influence the effect of depth information. Results indicated that although depth information can improve both working memory and selective attention performance, this benefit is specific to the task difficulty and depth information can even hinder performance under certain circumstances. Depth information did not appear to influence inhibitory control performance. Future work is required to investigate if depth can improve inhibitory control performance, and how/what task conditions influence the benefit of depth information. Until further research is completed, researchers and designers should be cautious when implementing multidimensional (3D) displays, as it remains unclear if the performance benefits of including depth information outweigh the present costs. |
Author | Sarno, Dawn M. Neider, Mark B. |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Dawn M. orcidid: 0000-0001-5605-5957 surname: Sarno fullname: Sarno, Dawn M. email: dmsarno@clemson.edu organization: Department of Psychology, Clemson University – sequence: 2 givenname: Mark B. surname: Neider fullname: Neider, Mark B. organization: Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35676553$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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Copyright | The Psychonomic Society, Inc. 2022 2022. The Psychonomic Society, Inc. Copyright Springer Nature B.V. Aug 2022 |
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SubjectTerms | Attention Behavioral Science and Psychology Cognitive Ability Cognitive Psychology Executive function Influence Memorization Memory Psychology Short Term Memory Visual Stimuli |
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Title | The depth of executive function: Depth information aids executive function under challenging task conditions |
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