Planting of alder trees at the edge of skid trails helps to stabilize forest topsoil structure against damage caused by heavy forestry machines
•Soil compaction reduces soil porosity and thus the rooting system of trees and plants.•The root system of grey alder can act as mechanical armouring against machine impact.•A reinforcement of skid trails reduces changes in soil bulk density and soil porosity. The regeneration and soil-mechanical re...
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Published in | Soil & tillage research Vol. 187; pp. 214 - 218 |
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Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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01.04.2019
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Abstract | •Soil compaction reduces soil porosity and thus the rooting system of trees and plants.•The root system of grey alder can act as mechanical armouring against machine impact.•A reinforcement of skid trails reduces changes in soil bulk density and soil porosity.
The regeneration and soil-mechanical reinforcement effect by the rooting system of grey alder (Alnus incana) were tested in an annually driven forest skid trail on a silty clay loam soil located in Southern Germany. One side of the skid trail was bordered by an eight-year-old alder plantation, on the other side, there were no trees. Soil physical properties (relative apparent gas diffusion coefficient (Ds/D0), bulk density and the coarse porosity) were measured in order to detect the effects on soil structure as well as on fine root densities, taken as a biological target variable.
Values of soil physical parameters linked to the soil aeration status did not show significant differences between planted and unplanted wheel track; however, low values of bulk density measured on the laterally planted wheel track indicated significant improvements in the topsoil compared to the unplanted one. Also, values for fine root density were higher in these plots. Strong relationships between Ds/D0, bulk density and the coarse porosity with fine root densities were also found, which give evidence of their mutual effects, either amplifying each other or reciprocal. In the top soil, root density positively affects soil gas permeability, while in the deeper horizons fewer macropores are found, which are partially blocked by fine roots for gas exchange.
In summary, the wheel track which is laterally planted with alder trees showed signs of an initial regeneration of soil structure as well as a reinforcement against further soil damage caused by annual wheeling. |
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AbstractList | •Soil compaction reduces soil porosity and thus the rooting system of trees and plants.•The root system of grey alder can act as mechanical armouring against machine impact.•A reinforcement of skid trails reduces changes in soil bulk density and soil porosity.
The regeneration and soil-mechanical reinforcement effect by the rooting system of grey alder (Alnus incana) were tested in an annually driven forest skid trail on a silty clay loam soil located in Southern Germany. One side of the skid trail was bordered by an eight-year-old alder plantation, on the other side, there were no trees. Soil physical properties (relative apparent gas diffusion coefficient (Ds/D0), bulk density and the coarse porosity) were measured in order to detect the effects on soil structure as well as on fine root densities, taken as a biological target variable.
Values of soil physical parameters linked to the soil aeration status did not show significant differences between planted and unplanted wheel track; however, low values of bulk density measured on the laterally planted wheel track indicated significant improvements in the topsoil compared to the unplanted one. Also, values for fine root density were higher in these plots. Strong relationships between Ds/D0, bulk density and the coarse porosity with fine root densities were also found, which give evidence of their mutual effects, either amplifying each other or reciprocal. In the top soil, root density positively affects soil gas permeability, while in the deeper horizons fewer macropores are found, which are partially blocked by fine roots for gas exchange.
In summary, the wheel track which is laterally planted with alder trees showed signs of an initial regeneration of soil structure as well as a reinforcement against further soil damage caused by annual wheeling. |
Author | Hartmann, P. Flores Fernández, J.L. von Wilpert, Klaus |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: J.L. surname: Flores Fernández fullname: Flores Fernández, J.L. email: juan.fernandez@forst.bwl.de – sequence: 2 givenname: P. surname: Hartmann fullname: Hartmann, P. – sequence: 3 givenname: Klaus surname: von Wilpert fullname: von Wilpert, Klaus |
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CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_3390_f10080668 crossref_primary_10_3390_f11090947 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_catena_2020_105140 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_foreco_2022_120105 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_geoderma_2020_114238 crossref_primary_10_1002_ldr_4902 crossref_primary_10_1007_s13199_019_00650_2 crossref_primary_10_1139_cjfr_2020_0419 |
Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.still.2014.05.006 10.1007/s10342-013-0776-0 10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.11.009 10.1016/S0167-1987(00)00126-4 10.1002/jpln.201000403 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.08.002 10.1007/s10342-005-0108-0 10.1007/s13595-017-0672-8 10.1080/02827589908540825 10.1016/j.foreco.2007.06.037 10.1007/s11104-014-2079-8 10.1007/BF00150346 10.1016/S0378-1127(01)00706-X 10.1002/jpln.19911540603 |
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Keywords | Bulk density Fine root density Alder trees Soil compaction Gas diffusion Soil-mechanical reinforcement Soil regeneration Macroporosity |
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SubjectTerms | Alder trees Bulk density Fine root density Gas diffusion Macroporosity Soil compaction Soil regeneration Soil-mechanical reinforcement |
Title | Planting of alder trees at the edge of skid trails helps to stabilize forest topsoil structure against damage caused by heavy forestry machines |
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