Are There Local Dynamos Acting in Sunspot Regions?

In solar physics, a long-unanswered question is whether or not there are local dynamos acting in sunspot regions. Here we report an observed pattern of magnetic evolution that makes the sunspots alive with ample complexity and energy. This anomalous pattern manifests as peculiar bipolar magnetic eme...

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Published inThe Astrophysical journal Vol. 975; no. 1; pp. 46 - 55
Main Authors Jin, Chunlan, Zhou, Guiping, Ji, Haisheng, Wang, Jingxiu
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Philadelphia The American Astronomical Society 01.11.2024
IOP Publishing
Subjects
Brightening
Evolution
Extreme ultraviolet radiation
Rotating generators
Solar activity
Solar dynamo
Solar magnetic fields
Solar physics
Sunspots
Ultraviolet radiation
Online AccessGet full text
ISSN0004-637X
1538-4357
DOI10.3847/1538-4357/ad7820

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Abstract In solar physics, a long-unanswered question is whether or not there are local dynamos acting in sunspot regions. Here we report an observed pattern of magnetic evolution that makes the sunspots alive with ample complexity and energy. This anomalous pattern manifests as peculiar bipolar magnetic emergences (BMEs), exhibiting the following characteristics: (1) the BMEs persistently appear beyond the penumbra, encircling the sunspot in an end-to-end configuration; (2) each BME gradually grows and separates its two polarities along an arc trajectory centered on the sunspot; (3) a circular brightening belt is manifested in the ultraviolet/extreme-ultraviolet radiations during the BMEs’ evolution; and (4) the sunspot regions with such an evolution pattern often exhibit vigorous solar activity, such as homogeneous major flares. The magnetic evolving pattern and relevant flare activity indicate the presence of a local dynamo, and we characterize it as a twisting-reconnecting dynamo.
AbstractList In solar physics, a long-unanswered question is whether or not there are local dynamos acting in sunspot regions. Here we report an observed pattern of magnetic evolution that makes the sunspots alive with ample complexity and energy. This anomalous pattern manifests as peculiar bipolar magnetic emergences (BMEs), exhibiting the following characteristics: (1) the BMEs persistently appear beyond the penumbra, encircling the sunspot in an end-to-end configuration; (2) each BME gradually grows and separates its two polarities along an arc trajectory centered on the sunspot; (3) a circular brightening belt is manifested in the ultraviolet/extreme-ultraviolet radiations during the BMEs’ evolution; and (4) the sunspot regions with such an evolution pattern often exhibit vigorous solar activity, such as homogeneous major flares. The magnetic evolving pattern and relevant flare activity indicate the presence of a local dynamo, and we characterize it as a twisting-reconnecting dynamo.
Author Ji, Haisheng
Jin, Chunlan
Wang, Jingxiu
Zhou, Guiping
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SubjectTerms Brightening
Evolution
Extreme ultraviolet radiation
Rotating generators
Solar activity
Solar dynamo
Solar magnetic fields
Solar physics
Sunspots
Ultraviolet radiation
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Title Are There Local Dynamos Acting in Sunspot Regions?
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