Reproductive assessment of the great hornbill (Buceros bicornis) by fecal hormone analysis
The population of great hornbills (Buceros bicornis) in the United States is rapidly aging, and captive breeding efforts have not met population managers' expectations for a sustainable captive group. Little is known about the reproductive physiology of these birds. This study reports the first...
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Published in | Zoo biology Vol. 22; no. 2; pp. 135 - 145 |
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Language | English |
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Abstract | The population of great hornbills (Buceros bicornis) in the United States is rapidly aging, and captive breeding efforts have not met population managers' expectations for a sustainable captive group. Little is known about the reproductive physiology of these birds. This study reports the first data on the re‐productive endocrinology of the great hornbill. The hormone profiles of the only pair of these birds that hatched a chick in the 1999–2000 breeding season are compared to the profiles of six other pairs of hornbills, from different institutions in the United States, that did not reproduce successfully that season. The study investigates the estradiol, corticosterone, and testosterone profiles of these seven pairs of birds, establishing a base of knowledge from which endocrine data may be used to improve the success of captive breeding programs. The estradiol profiles from this study indicate a difference in hormonal patterns between laying and non‐laying female great hornbills. Egg‐laying females had significantly higher estradiol concentrations during the breeding season than the non‐laying females (P<0.003). Testosterone concentrations of the males were not significantly different between the mates of egg‐laying and non‐egg‐laying females. The corticosterone concentrations tended to be lower in the females that laid eggs vs. the non‐egg‐laying group. The males of the egg‐laying pairs showed a significantly lower (P<0.036) corticosterone concentration than the non‐egg‐laying male pairs. This, combined with the extremely low corticosterone levels (compared to the other birds in the study) of the pair of hornbills that hatched a chick in the 1999–2000 breeding season, suggests that adrenal activity may play a role in the reproductive failure of some captive great hornbills. Zoo Biol 22:135–145, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. |
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AbstractList | The population of great hornbills (Buceros bicornis) in the United States is rapidly aging, and captive breeding efforts have not met population managers' expectations for a sustainable captive group. Little is known about the reproductive physiology of these birds. This study reports the first data on the re-productive endocrinology of the great hornbill. The hormone profiles of the only pair of these birds that hatched a chick in the 1999-2000 breeding season are compared to the profiles of six other pairs of hornbills, from different institutions in the United States, that did not reproduce successfully that season. The study investigates the estradiol, corticosterone, and testosterone profiles of these seven pairs of birds, establishing a base of knowledge from which endocrine data may be used to improve the success of captive breeding programs. The estradiol profiles from this study indicate a difference in hormonal patterns between laying and non-laying female great hornbills. Egg-laying females had significantly higher estradiol concentrations during the breeding season than the non-laying females (P<0.003). Testosterone concentrations of the males were not significantly different between the mates of egg-laying and non-egg-laying females. The corticosterone concentrations tended to be lower in the females that laid eggs vs. the non-egg- laying group. The males of the egg-laying pairs showed a significantly lower (P<0.036) corticosterone concentration than the non-egg-laying male pairs. This, combined with the extremely low corticosterone levels (compared to the other birds in the study) of the pair of hornbills that hatched a chick in the 1999-2000 breeding season, suggests that adrenal activity may play a role in the reproductive failure of some captive great hornbills. The population of great hornbills ( Buceros bicornis ) in the United States is rapidly aging, and captive breeding efforts have not met population managers' expectations for a sustainable captive group. Little is known about the reproductive physiology of these birds. This study reports the first data on the re‐productive endocrinology of the great hornbill. The hormone profiles of the only pair of these birds that hatched a chick in the 1999–2000 breeding season are compared to the profiles of six other pairs of hornbills, from different institutions in the United States, that did not reproduce successfully that season. The study investigates the estradiol, corticosterone, and testosterone profiles of these seven pairs of birds, establishing a base of knowledge from which endocrine data may be used to improve the success of captive breeding programs. The estradiol profiles from this study indicate a difference in hormonal patterns between laying and non‐laying female great hornbills. Egg‐laying females had significantly higher estradiol concentrations during the breeding season than the non‐laying females ( P <0.003). Testosterone concentrations of the males were not significantly different between the mates of egg‐laying and non‐egg‐laying females. The corticosterone concentrations tended to be lower in the females that laid eggs vs. the non‐egg‐laying group. The males of the egg‐laying pairs showed a significantly lower ( P <0.036) corticosterone concentration than the non‐egg‐laying male pairs. This, combined with the extremely low corticosterone levels (compared to the other birds in the study) of the pair of hornbills that hatched a chick in the 1999–2000 breeding season, suggests that adrenal activity may play a role in the reproductive failure of some captive great hornbills. Zoo Biol 22:135–145, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. The population of great hornbills (Buceros bicornis) in the United States is rapidly aging, and captive breeding efforts have not met population managers' expectations for a sustainable captive group. Little is known about the reproductive physiology of these birds. This study reports the first data on the re‐productive endocrinology of the great hornbill. The hormone profiles of the only pair of these birds that hatched a chick in the 1999–2000 breeding season are compared to the profiles of six other pairs of hornbills, from different institutions in the United States, that did not reproduce successfully that season. The study investigates the estradiol, corticosterone, and testosterone profiles of these seven pairs of birds, establishing a base of knowledge from which endocrine data may be used to improve the success of captive breeding programs. The estradiol profiles from this study indicate a difference in hormonal patterns between laying and non‐laying female great hornbills. Egg‐laying females had significantly higher estradiol concentrations during the breeding season than the non‐laying females (P<0.003). Testosterone concentrations of the males were not significantly different between the mates of egg‐laying and non‐egg‐laying females. The corticosterone concentrations tended to be lower in the females that laid eggs vs. the non‐egg‐laying group. The males of the egg‐laying pairs showed a significantly lower (P<0.036) corticosterone concentration than the non‐egg‐laying male pairs. This, combined with the extremely low corticosterone levels (compared to the other birds in the study) of the pair of hornbills that hatched a chick in the 1999–2000 breeding season, suggests that adrenal activity may play a role in the reproductive failure of some captive great hornbills. Zoo Biol 22:135–145, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. |
Author | Czekala, N.M. Mace, M. Azua, J. Crofoot, M. MacDonald, E. |
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Cites_doi | 10.1006/gcen.1999.7252 10.1002/(SICI)1097-010X(19980215)280:3<238::AID-JEZ5>3.0.CO;2-O 10.1111/j.1748-1090.1985.tb02548.x |
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References | de Ruiter M. 1998. The great Indian hornbill: a breeding attempt. AFA Watchbird 25:34-5. Bohmke BW. 1987. Breeding the great Indian hornbill at the St. Louis Zoological Park, USA. Avicult Mag 93:159-61. Kannan R, James DA. 1997. Breeding biology of the great pied hornbill (Buceros bicornis) in the Anaimalai Hills of southern India. J Bomb Nat Hist Soc 94:451-65. Choy PK. 1978. Breeding the great pied hornbill at Jurong Bird Park. Avicult Mag 84:180-3. Sockman KW, Schwabl H. 1999. Daily estradiol and progesterone levels relative to laying and onset of incubation in canaries. Gen Comp Endocrinol 114:257-68. Medler KF, Lance VA. 1998. Sex difference in plasma corticosterone levels in alligator embryos. J Exp Zool 280:238-44. Golding RR, Williams MG. 1986. Breeding the great Indian hornbill at the Cotswold Wild Life Park. Int Zoo Yearb 24/25:248-52. 1996 1998; 280 1997; 94 1999; 114 1987; 93 2001 1978; 84 1998; 25 1986; 24/25 Bohmke BW (e_1_2_1_2_1) 1987; 93 e_1_2_1_7_1 de Ruiter M (e_1_2_1_5_1) 1998; 25 e_1_2_1_6_1 e_1_2_1_3_1 Choy PK (e_1_2_1_4_1) 1978; 84 Kannan R (e_1_2_1_8_1) 1997; 94 e_1_2_1_10_1 e_1_2_1_9_1 |
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Snippet | The population of great hornbills (Buceros bicornis) in the United States is rapidly aging, and captive breeding efforts have not met population managers'... The population of great hornbills ( Buceros bicornis ) in the United States is rapidly aging, and captive breeding efforts have not met population managers'... |
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SubjectTerms | Buceros bicornis corticosterone estradiol steroid hormones testosterone |
Title | Reproductive assessment of the great hornbill (Buceros bicornis) by fecal hormone analysis |
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