Recent Advances in Carbon Anodes for Sodium‐Ion Batteries

• Published in: Chemical record Vol. 22; no. 10; pp. e202200083 - n/a
• Main Authors: Zhang, Tengfei, Li, Chen, Wang, Fan, Noori, Abolhassan, Mousavi, Mir F., Xia, Xinhui, Zhang, Yongqi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.10.2022
• Subjects: Allotropy; Anodes; Carbon; carbon anodes; Carbonaceous materials; Electrode materials; Energy storage; Geographical distribution; Ions; Lithium; Lithium-ion batteries; material design; Physical properties; Porosity; precursors; Sodium; Sodium-ion batteries; Storage batteries; storage mechanism; synthetic carbon allotropes; material design; synthetic carbon allotropes; sodium-ion batteries; carbon anodes; precursors; storage mechanism
• DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200083
• ISSN: 1527-8999; 1528-0691

Sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) have gained tremendous attention for large‐scale energy storage applications due to the natural abundance, low cost, and even geographic distribution of sodium resources as well as a similar working mechanism to lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). One of the critical bottlenecks, however, is the design of high‐performance and low‐cost anode materials. Graphite anode that has dominated the market share of LIBs does not properly intercalate sodium ions. However, other carbonaceous materials are still considered as one of the most promising anode materials for SIBs in virtue of their high electronic conductivity, abundant active sites, hierarchical porosity, and excellent mechanical stability. In this review, we have tried to summarize the latest progresses made on the development of carbon‐based negative electrodes (including hard carbons, soft carbons, and synthetic carbon allotropes) for SIBs. We also have provided a comprehensive understanding of their physical properties, the sodium ions storage mechanisms, and the improvement measures to cope with the current challenges. In addition, we have proposed future research directions for SIBs that will provide important insights into further development of carbon‐based materials for SIBs. Recent progresses on the development of carbon‐based negative electrodes including graphic, amorphous carbon and nanocarbon were summarized for sodium ion batteries. A comprehensive understanding of their physical properties, the sodium ions storage mechanisms, and the improvement measures to cope with the current challenges were provided.