Sensing system for salinity testing using laser-induced graphene sensors
•A low-cost salinity system was developed and implemented.•Laser ablated graphene was formed from commercial polyimide films.•The photo-thermally induced graphene was transferred to Kapton tapes to form sensor patches.•Salt samples with different concentrations were tested with these sensor patches...
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| Published in | Sensors and actuators. A. Physical. Vol. 264; pp. 107 - 116 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Lausanne
Elsevier B.V
01.09.2017
Elsevier BV |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | •A low-cost salinity system was developed and implemented.•Laser ablated graphene was formed from commercial polyimide films.•The photo-thermally induced graphene was transferred to Kapton tapes to form sensor patches.•Salt samples with different concentrations were tested with these sensor patches via serial dilution.•A microcontroller based system was formed to enhance the signal conditioning circuit.
The paper presents the development and implementation of a low-cost salinity sensing system. Commercial polymer films were laser ablated at specific conditions to form graphene-based sensors on flexible Kapton substrates. Sodium chloride was considered as the primary constituent for testing due to its prominent presence in water bodies. The sensor was characterized by testing different concentrations of sodium chloride. A standard curve was developed to perform real-time testing with a sample taken from sea water of unknown concentration. The sensitivity and resolution of these graphene sensors for the experimental solutions were 1.07Ω/ppm and 1ppm respectively. The developed system was validated by testing it with a real sample and cross checking it on the calibration curve. The signal conditioning circuit was further enhanced by embedding a microcontroller to the designed system. The obtained results did provide a platform for implementation of a low-cost salinity sensing system that could be used in marine applications. |
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| AbstractList | The paper presents the development and implementation of a low-cost salinity sensing system. Commercial polymer films were laser ablated at specific conditions to form graphene-based sensors on flexible Kapton substrates. Sodium chloride was considered as the primary constituent for testing due to its prominent presence in water bodies. The sensor was characterized by testing different concentrations of sodium chloride. A standard curve was developed to perform real-time testing with a sample taken from sea water of unknown concentration. The sensitivity and resolution of these graphene sensors for the experimental solutions were 1.07 Ω/ppm and 1 ppm respectively. The developed system was validated by testing it with a real sample and cross checking it on the calibration curve. The signal conditioning circuit was further enhanced by embedding a microcontroller to the designed system. The obtained results did provide a platform for implementation of a low-cost salinity sensing system that could be used in marine applications. •A low-cost salinity system was developed and implemented.•Laser ablated graphene was formed from commercial polyimide films.•The photo-thermally induced graphene was transferred to Kapton tapes to form sensor patches.•Salt samples with different concentrations were tested with these sensor patches via serial dilution.•A microcontroller based system was formed to enhance the signal conditioning circuit. The paper presents the development and implementation of a low-cost salinity sensing system. Commercial polymer films were laser ablated at specific conditions to form graphene-based sensors on flexible Kapton substrates. Sodium chloride was considered as the primary constituent for testing due to its prominent presence in water bodies. The sensor was characterized by testing different concentrations of sodium chloride. A standard curve was developed to perform real-time testing with a sample taken from sea water of unknown concentration. The sensitivity and resolution of these graphene sensors for the experimental solutions were 1.07Ω/ppm and 1ppm respectively. The developed system was validated by testing it with a real sample and cross checking it on the calibration curve. The signal conditioning circuit was further enhanced by embedding a microcontroller to the designed system. The obtained results did provide a platform for implementation of a low-cost salinity sensing system that could be used in marine applications. |
| Author | Nag, Anindya Mukhopadhyay, Subhas Chandra Kosel, Jürgen |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Anindya surname: Nag fullname: Nag, Anindya email: anindya1991@gmail.com organization: Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University Sydney, NSW, Australia – sequence: 2 givenname: Subhas Chandra surname: Mukhopadhyay fullname: Mukhopadhyay, Subhas Chandra organization: Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University Sydney, NSW, Australia – sequence: 3 givenname: Jürgen surname: Kosel fullname: Kosel, Jürgen organization: Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences & Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Saudi Arabia |
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| Snippet | •A low-cost salinity system was developed and implemented.•Laser ablated graphene was formed from commercial polyimide films.•The photo-thermally induced... The paper presents the development and implementation of a low-cost salinity sensing system. Commercial polymer films were laser ablated at specific conditions... |
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| SubjectTerms | Circuit design Detection Embedded systems Graphene Kapton (trademark) Laser-induced Lasers Polyimide Polyimide resins Polymer films Salinity Salinity measurement Salt concentration Seawater Sensors Sodium chloride Substrates |
| Title | Sensing system for salinity testing using laser-induced graphene sensors |
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