Old age and anti-cytomegalovirus immunity are associated with altered T-cell reconstitution in HIV-1-infected patients

• Published in: AIDS (London) Vol. 25; no. 15; pp. 1813 - 1822
• Main Authors: Appay, Victor, Fastenackels, Solène, Katlama, Christine, Ait-Mohand, Hocine, Schneider, Luminita, Guihot, Amélie, Keller, Michael, Grubeck-Loebenstein, Beatrix, Simon, Anne, Lambotte, Olivier, Hunt, Peter W., Deeks, Steven G., Costagliola, Dominique, Autran, Brigitte, Sauce, Delphine
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hagerstown, MD Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 24.09.2011
• Subjects: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - blood; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - drug therapy; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - immunology; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Aging - immunology; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - blood; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - drug therapy; AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections - immunology; Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use; Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents; Antiviral agents; Biological and medical sciences; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology; Cellular Senescence - immunology; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections - blood; Cytomegalovirus Infections - drug therapy; Cytomegalovirus Infections - immunology; Female; Flow Cytometry; HIV-1 - immunology; Human immunodeficiency virus 1; Human viral diseases; Humans; Immunodeficiencies; Immunodeficiencies. Immunoglobulinopathies; Immunopathology; Infectious diseases; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Pharmacology. Drug treatments; RNA, Viral - blood; Viral diseases; Viral diseases of the lymphoid tissue and the blood. Aids; Viral Load; Immunopathology; Antiretroviral agent; Herpesviridae; antiretroviral therapy; immunosenescence, lymphocytes; AIDS; Betaherpesvirinae; Immune deficiency; Immunity; Human cytomegalovirus; Infection; Virus; Chemotherapy; Treatment; cytomegalovirus; Immunological investigation; Viral disease; T-Lymphocyte; Antiviral; Age
• DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32834640e6
• ISSN: 0269-9370; 1473-5571

Increasing evidence supports a parallel between HIV-1 infection and immune aging, which is particularly apparent with common changes in naive versus memory T-cell proportions. Here, we aimed at refining the value of common T-cell-associated markers of immunosenescence during HIV disease progression or aging, and at exploring further the impact in this context of old age as well as cytomegalovirus (CMV) co-infection, which is predominant in HIV-1-infected individuals. Frequencies of naive or CD57(+) memory T cells as well as the magnitude of CMV-pp65 T cells were measured in HIV-1-infected patients grouped according to disease progression status, treatment and age. Our results indicate that the decline in naive T-cell levels rather than the accumulation of CD57(+) senescent T cells identifies best the premature development of an immunosenescence phenotype with HIV disease progression. Moreover, advanced age or mounting of strong CMV-specific responses impact independently on CD4(+) T-cell counts and recovery with antiretroviral therapy. The present findings indicate that HIV-1 infection amplifies the effect of age on naive T-cell levels, and highlight the constraint on the capacity of treated patients to reconstitute their CD4(+) T-cell compartment due to age and CMV co-infection.