Design of a Franz–Keldysh effect electroabsorption waveguide modulator for millimetre-wave generation
An analysis of the generation of harmonics for millimetre-wave signals using a Franz–Keldysh effect waveguide modulator is presented. The Franz–Keldysh electroabsorption is obtained via a method known to provide accurate results in comparison with experimental data. This is followed by an optimisati...
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| Published in | Optics and laser technology Vol. 34; no. 6; pp. 475 - 478 |
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| Main Author | |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
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Oxford
Elsevier Ltd
01.09.2002
Elsevier Science |
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| Abstract | An analysis of the generation of harmonics for millimetre-wave signals using a Franz–Keldysh effect waveguide modulator is presented. The Franz–Keldysh electroabsorption is obtained via a method known to provide accurate results in comparison with experimental data. This is followed by an optimisation of the drive voltage in terms of the d.c. bias for a sinusoidal input. A spectrum rich in harmonics is produced and the fifth is considered in detail for device optimisation. The modulator considered is based on a large core multimode waveguide designed to yield a high coupling efficiency to single-mode fibres. The confinement factor, and hence the length, of the structure are determined via the effective index method. The resulting device could be used for the cost-effective production of millimetre-wave carriers via the harmonics generated whilst enabling the employment of electronics running at the speed of the fundamental. |
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| AbstractList | An analysis of the generation of harmonics for millimetre-wave signals using a Franz–Keldysh effect waveguide modulator is presented. The Franz–Keldysh electroabsorption is obtained via a method known to provide accurate results in comparison with experimental data. This is followed by an optimisation of the drive voltage in terms of the d.c. bias for a sinusoidal input. A spectrum rich in harmonics is produced and the fifth is considered in detail for device optimisation. The modulator considered is based on a large core multimode waveguide designed to yield a high coupling efficiency to single-mode fibres. The confinement factor, and hence the length, of the structure are determined via the effective index method. The resulting device could be used for the cost-effective production of millimetre-wave carriers via the harmonics generated whilst enabling the employment of electronics running at the speed of the fundamental. The generation of harmonics for millimetre-wave signals is analysed using a Franz-Keldysh effect waveguide modulator. The Franz-Keldysh electroabsorption is obtained by an accurate method and this is followed by optimization of the drive voltage, in terms of the d.c. bias for a sinusoidal input. A spectrum rich in harmonics is produced and the fifth is considered in detail for device optimization. The modulator considered is based on a large core multimode waveguide designed to yield a high coupling efficiency for single-mode fibres. The confinement factor and hence the length of the structure are determined via the effective index method. The resulting device could be used for the cost-effective production of millimetre-wave carriers via the harmonics generated, while enabling the employment of electronics running at the speed of the fundamental. (Original abstract - amended) |
| Author | Leeson, M.S |
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| Keywords | Waveguide modulator Millimetre waves Franz–Keldysh electroabsorption Millimeter wave radiation Mode coupling Electroabsorption modulators Franz-Keldysh effect Theoretical study Multimode waveguide Optical harmonic generation Nonlinear optics Optical waveguides |
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| References | Leeson, Payne (BIB15) 1994; 141 Johansson, Seeds (BIB6) 2001; 13 Wight, Keir, Pryce, Birbeck, Heaton, Norcross, Wright (BIB14) 1988; 135 Moodie, Wake, Walker, Nesset (BIB10) 1995; 7 O'Reilly, Lane (BIB7) 1994; 30 Rees (BIB13) 1968; 29 Keefe (BIB16) 2001; 205 Scott, Plant, Fetterman (BIB5) 1992; 61 Li, Liu, Welstand, Sun, Chen, Zhu, Pappert, Yu (BIB11) 1999; 11 Nagarajan, Levy, Bowers (BIB4) 1994; 12 Kawanishi, Sasaki, Shimotsu, Oikawa, Izutsu (BIB9) 2001; 13 Komaki, Ogawa (BIB2) 1996; E79-C Chin (BIB12) 1995; 142 Sun, Orazi, Pappert, Burns (BIB8) 1996; 8 Wake, Westbrook, Walker, Smith (BIB1) 1993; 11 Adachi (BIB18) 1982; 53 Chin, Chang (BIB17) 1993; 29 Dupont, Loyez, Rolland, Rolland, Lafond, Cadiou (BIB3) 2001; 30 Nagarajan (10.1016/S0030-3992(02)00045-2_BIB4) 1994; 12 Chin (10.1016/S0030-3992(02)00045-2_BIB17) 1993; 29 Rees (10.1016/S0030-3992(02)00045-2_BIB13) 1968; 29 Keefe (10.1016/S0030-3992(02)00045-2_BIB16) 2001; 205 Wake (10.1016/S0030-3992(02)00045-2_BIB1) 1993; 11 Adachi (10.1016/S0030-3992(02)00045-2_BIB18) 1982; 53 Komaki (10.1016/S0030-3992(02)00045-2_BIB2) 1996; E79-C O'Reilly (10.1016/S0030-3992(02)00045-2_BIB7) 1994; 30 Wight (10.1016/S0030-3992(02)00045-2_BIB14) 1988; 135 Dupont (10.1016/S0030-3992(02)00045-2_BIB3) 2001; 30 Johansson (10.1016/S0030-3992(02)00045-2_BIB6) 2001; 13 Sun (10.1016/S0030-3992(02)00045-2_BIB8) 1996; 8 Scott (10.1016/S0030-3992(02)00045-2_BIB5) 1992; 61 Chin (10.1016/S0030-3992(02)00045-2_BIB12) 1995; 142 Li (10.1016/S0030-3992(02)00045-2_BIB11) 1999; 11 Kawanishi (10.1016/S0030-3992(02)00045-2_BIB9) 2001; 13 Moodie (10.1016/S0030-3992(02)00045-2_BIB10) 1995; 7 Leeson (10.1016/S0030-3992(02)00045-2_BIB15) 1994; 141 |
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| Snippet | An analysis of the generation of harmonics for millimetre-wave signals using a Franz–Keldysh effect waveguide modulator is presented. The Franz–Keldysh... The generation of harmonics for millimetre-wave signals is analysed using a Franz-Keldysh effect waveguide modulator. The Franz-Keldysh electroabsorption is... |
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| SubjectTerms | Applied sciences Circuit properties Electric, optical and optoelectronic circuits Electronics Exact sciences and technology Franz–Keldysh electroabsorption Frequency conversion ; harmonic generation, including high-order harmonic generation Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications) Harmonic generation, frequency conversion Integrated optics. Optical fibers and wave guides Millimetre waves Nonlinear optics Optical and optoelectronic circuits Optical elements, devices, and systems Optical processors, correlators, and modulators Optical waveguides and couplers Optics Physics Waveguide modulator |
| Title | Design of a Franz–Keldysh effect electroabsorption waveguide modulator for millimetre-wave generation |
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