Benefits of Biochars and NPK Fertilizers for Soil Quality and Growth of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) in an Acid Arenosol

Fertilization is required for optimum plant growth, particularly in unfertile soils, while optimizing nutrient use efficiency is an alternative to reduce inorganic fertilizer needs and reduce environmental problems caused by nutrient leaching. This study investigated soil properties and cowpea yield...

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Published inPedosphere Vol. 29; no. 3; pp. 311 - 333
Main Authors RAFAEL, Rogério Borguete Alves, FERNÁNDEZ-MARCOS, Maria Luisa, COCCO, Stefania, RUELLO, Maria Letizia, FORNASIER, Flavio, CORTI, Giuseppe
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Beijing Elsevier Ltd 01.06.2019
Elsevier Science Ltd
Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131 Italy%Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo 27002 Spain
Department of Rural Engineering, Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry Engineering, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo 257 Mozambique
Instituto de Biodiversidade Agraria e Desenvolvimento Rural, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo 27002 Spain%Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131 Italy%Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131 Italy%Centro di Ricerca Viticoltura ed Enologia, Gorizia 34170 Italy
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Abstract Fertilization is required for optimum plant growth, particularly in unfertile soils, while optimizing nutrient use efficiency is an alternative to reduce inorganic fertilizer needs and reduce environmental problems caused by nutrient leaching. This study investigated soil properties and cowpea yield responses to biochars (BCs) made from different feedstocks, baby corn peel biochar (BC1), branches of mango tree biochar (BC2), and rice husk biochar (BC3), applied in combination with nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK) fertilizers. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, using an acid sandy soil (Arenosol) that was submitted for 70 d to the following eight treatments: i) control; ii) full dose of NPK (a commercial compound fertilizer (12-24-12 of N-P2O5-K2O) + urea (46% N)); iii) BC1 + half dose of NPK; iv) BC1 + full dose of NPK; v) BC2 + half dose of NPK; vi) BC2 + full dose of NPK; vii) BC3 + half dose of NPK; and viii) BC3 + full dose of NPK. All biochars were applied at a rate of 0.9% (weight/weight), and each type of biochar was combined with half and full doses of NPK fertilizers. Soil pH increased significantly (P < 0.05) in treatments with BC1 and BC2, while cation exchange capacity (CEC) and available P were higher in the treatments with BC1; BC1 and BC2 also induced higher activity of enzymes related to the P cycle and higher cowpea yield. Similar soil properties and cowpea yield parameters were obtained with the full and half doses of NPK fertilizers for each type of biochar used. In conclusion, biochars in the combination with NPK fertilizers improved soil chemistry and enzymatic activities, allowing reduced fertilizer application and food production costs in the acid soil studied.
AbstractList Fertilization is required for optimum plant growth, particularly in unfertile soils, while optimizing nutrient use efficiency is an alternative to reduce inorganic fertilizer needs and reduce environmental problems caused by nutrient leaching. This study investigated soil properties and cowpea yield responses to biochars (BCs) made from different feedstocks, baby corn peel biochar (BC1), branches of mango tree biochar (BC2), and rice husk biochar (BC3), applied in combination with nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK) fertilizers. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, using an acid sandy soil (Arenosol) that was submitted for 70 d to the following eight treatments: i) control; ii) full dose of NPK (a commercial compound fertilizer (12-24-12 of N-P2O5-K2O) + urea (46% N)); iii) BC1 + half dose of NPK; iv) BC1 + full dose of NPK; v) BC2 + half dose of NPK; vi) BC2 + full dose of NPK; vii) BC3 + half dose of NPK; and viii) BC3 + full dose of NPK. All biochars were applied at a rate of 0.9% (weight/weight), and each type of biochar was combined with half and full doses of NPK fertilizers. Soil pH increased significantly (P < 0.05) in treatments with BC1 and BC2, while cation exchange capacity (CEC) and available P were higher in the treatments with BC1; BC1 and BC2 also induced higher activity of enzymes related to the P cycle and higher cowpea yield. Similar soil properties and cowpea yield parameters were obtained with the full and half doses of NPK fertilizers for each type of biochar used. In conclusion, biochars in the combination with NPK fertilizers improved soil chemistry and enzymatic activities, allowing reduced fertilizer application and food production costs in the acid soil studied.
Fertilization is required for optimum plant growth,particularly in unfertile soils,while optimizing nutrient use efficiency is an alternative to reduce inorganic fertilizer needs and reduce environmental problems caused by nutrient leaching.This study investigated soil properties and cowpea yield responses to biochars (BCs) made from different feedstocks,baby corn peel biochar (BC1),branches of mango tree biochar (BC2),and rice husk biochar (BC3),applied in combination with nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK) fertilizers.The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse,using an acid sandy soil (Arenosol) that was submitted for 70 d to the following eight treatments:i) control;ii) full dose of NPK (a commercial compound fertilizer (12-24-12 of N-P2Os-K2O) + urea (46% N));iii) BC1 + half dose of NPK;iv) BC1 + full dose of NPK;v) BC2 + half dose of NPK;vi) BC2 + full dose of NPK;vii) BC3 + half dose of NPK;and viii) BC3 + full dose of NPK.All biochars were applied at a rate of 0.9% (weight/weight),and each type of biochar was combined with half and full doses of NPK fertilizers.Soil pH increased significantly (P < 0.05) in treatments with BC1 and BC2,while cation exchange capacity (CEC) and available P were higher in the treatments with BC1;BC1 and BC2 also induced higher activity of enzymes related to the P cycle and higher cowpea yield.Similar soil properties and cowpea yield parameters were obtained with the full and half doses of NPK fertilizers for each type of biochar used.In conclusion,biochars in the combination with NPK fertilizers improved soil chemistry and enzymatic activities,allowing reduced fertilizer application and food production costs in the acid soil studied.
Author RUELLO, Maria Letizia
FERNÁNDEZ-MARCOS, Maria Luisa
RAFAEL, Rogério Borguete Alves
COCCO, Stefania
CORTI, Giuseppe
FORNASIER, Flavio
AuthorAffiliation Department of Rural Engineering, Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry Engineering, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo 257 Mozambique;Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131 Italy%Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo 27002 Spain;Instituto de Biodiversidade Agraria e Desenvolvimento Rural, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo 27002 Spain%Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131 Italy%Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131 Italy%Centro di Ricerca Viticoltura ed Enologia, Gorizia 34170 Italy
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Keywords plant growth
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organic amendment
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potential enzyme activity
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PublicationTitle Pedosphere
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Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131 Italy%Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo 27002 Spain
Department of Rural Engineering, Faculty of Agronomy and Forestry Engineering, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo 257 Mozambique
Instituto de Biodiversidade Agraria e Desenvolvimento Rural, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo 27002 Spain%Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131 Italy%Department of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona 60131 Italy%Centro di Ricerca Viticoltura ed Enologia, Gorizia 34170 Italy
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Snippet Fertilization is required for optimum plant growth, particularly in unfertile soils, while optimizing nutrient use efficiency is an alternative to reduce...
Fertilization is required for optimum plant growth,particularly in unfertile soils,while optimizing nutrient use efficiency is an alternative to reduce...
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SubjectTerms acid soil
Acidic soils
Acids
Branches
Cation exchange
Cation exchanging
Charcoal
Compound fertilizers
Corn
Cowpeas
Dosage
Enzymatic activity
Fertilization
Fertilizer application
Fertilizers
Food production
Leaching
Nitrogen
nutrient use efficiency
Nutrients
Optimization
organic amendment
Organic chemistry
Phosphorus
Phosphorus pentoxide
Plant growth
Potassium
potential enzyme activity
Production costs
Sandy soils
Sediment yield
Soil chemistry
Soil fertility
Soil improvement
Soil investigations
Soil pH
Soil properties
Soil quality
Urea
Vigna unguiculata
Weight
Title Benefits of Biochars and NPK Fertilizers for Soil Quality and Growth of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) in an Acid Arenosol
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0160(19)60805-2
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https://d.wanfangdata.com.cn/periodical/trq-e201903004
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