Evaluation of Pig Manure for Environmental or Agricultural Applications through Gasification and Soil Leaching Experiments

The current study aimed at evaluating an untreated pig manure, firstly for its suitability for soil amendment in combination with an agricultural/bio-solid biochar, and secondly for its potential to be used for adsorption of hazardous species, replacing expensive activated carbons. Column soil leach...

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Published inApplied sciences Vol. 11; no. 24; p. 12011
Main Authors Vamvuka, Despina, Raftogianni, Adamantia
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.12.2021
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Abstract The current study aimed at evaluating an untreated pig manure, firstly for its suitability for soil amendment in combination with an agricultural/bio-solid biochar, and secondly for its potential to be used for adsorption of hazardous species, replacing expensive activated carbons. Column soil leaching experiments were designed to simulate field conditions, and physical, chemical and mineralogical analyses were performed for raw materials and/or leachates. For activated carbon production, the manure was gasified by steam or carbon dioxide at high temperatures. Biochars were analyzed for organic and mineral matter, structural characteristics and organic functional groups. Activation by steam or carbon dioxide greatly enhanced specific surface area, reaching values of 231.4 and 233.3 m2/g, respectively. Application of manure to the soil promoted leaching of nitrates and phosphates and raised COD values of water extracts. Biochar addition retained these ions and reduced COD values up to 10 times at the end of the three-month period. The concentrations of heavy metals in the leachates were low and, in the presence of biochar in soil blends, they were significantly reduced by 50–70%. The manure presents a significant potential for adsorption of various pollutants or improvement of soil amendment if carefully managed.
AbstractList The current study aimed at evaluating an untreated pig manure, firstly for its suitability for soil amendment in combination with an agricultural/bio-solid biochar, and secondly for its potential to be used for adsorption of hazardous species, replacing expensive activated carbons. Column soil leaching experiments were designed to simulate field conditions, and physical, chemical and mineralogical analyses were performed for raw materials and/or leachates. For activated carbon production, the manure was gasified by steam or carbon dioxide at high temperatures. Biochars were analyzed for organic and mineral matter, structural characteristics and organic functional groups. Activation by steam or carbon dioxide greatly enhanced specific surface area, reaching values of 231.4 and 233.3 m2/g, respectively. Application of manure to the soil promoted leaching of nitrates and phosphates and raised COD values of water extracts. Biochar addition retained these ions and reduced COD values up to 10 times at the end of the three-month period. The concentrations of heavy metals in the leachates were low and, in the presence of biochar in soil blends, they were significantly reduced by 50–70%. The manure presents a significant potential for adsorption of various pollutants or improvement of soil amendment if carefully managed.
Author Vamvuka, Despina
Raftogianni, Adamantia
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  surname: Raftogianni
  fullname: Raftogianni, Adamantia
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CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_3390_app13031482
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Snippet The current study aimed at evaluating an untreated pig manure, firstly for its suitability for soil amendment in combination with an agricultural/bio-solid...
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SubjectTerms Activated carbon
active carbon
Adsorption
biochar
Carbon dioxide
Charcoal
Composting
Cotton
Experiments
Functional groups
Gases
Gasification
Heavy metals
High temperature
Leachates
Leaching
manure
Manures
Metal concentrations
Mineralogy
Nitrogen
Particle size
Phosphates
Pig manure
Pollutants
Porous materials
Raw materials
Sediment pollution
soil
Soil amendment
Soil improvement
Soil management
Soil pollution
Steam
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Title Evaluation of Pig Manure for Environmental or Agricultural Applications through Gasification and Soil Leaching Experiments
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https://doaj.org/article/c40cb3c735ef48928cd640850cc44ab6
Volume 11
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