Multi-station investigation of spread F over Europe during low to high solar activity

• Published in: Journal of space weather and space climate Vol. 8; p. A27
• Main Authors: Paul, Krishnendu Sekhar, Haralambous, Haris, Oikonomou, Christina, Paul, Ashik, Belehaki, Anna, Ioanna, Tsagouri, Kouba, Daniel, Buresova, Dalia
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: les Ulis EDP Sciences 2018
• Subjects: Dependence; effects of solar activity over spread F occurrence; Electric fields; Equatorial regions; F region; Geomagnetic storms; Geomagnetism; Gravitational waves; Growth rate; Instability; Ionosphere; Ionospheric disturbances; longitudinal and latitudinal dependence of spread F occurrence; Magnetic storms; Morphology; nighttime midlatitude ionosphere over Europe; Plasma; Radar; Solar activity; Solar cycle; Southern Hemisphere; Spread F; Stability; Statistical analysis; Storms; Traveling ionospheric disturbances; Wind

Spread F is an ionospheric phenomenon which has been reported and analyzed extensively over equatorial regions on the basis of the Rayleigh-Taylor (R-T) instability. It has also been investigated over midlatitude regions, mostly over the Southern Hemisphere with its generation attributed to the Perk...