New Interpretations for Sprouting, Intussusception, Ansiform, and Coalescent Types of Angiogenesis

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 25; no. 16; p. 8575
• Main Authors: Korablev, Alexander V, Sesorova, Irina S, Sesorov, Vitaly V, Vavilov, Pavel S, Mironov, Anna, Zaitseva, Anna V, Bedyaev, Eugeny V, Mironov, Alexander A
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 06.08.2024; MDPI
• Subjects: Angiogenesis; Animals; Blood vessels; Cell cycle; Collagen; endothelial cell; Endothelium; Enzymes; Growth factors; Humans; inhibitors of angiogenesis; intussusception; Intussusception - pathology; Kinases; Ligands; loop-based; Neovascularization, Pathologic - pathology; Neovascularization, Physiologic; Opinion; Physiology; Polymerization; Proteins; sprouting; sprouting; invadopodia; angiogenesis; endothelial cell; inhibitors of angiogenesis; intussusception; loop-based; filopodia
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168575

Angiogenesis, or the development of blood vessels by growing from already-formed vessels, is observed in embryonic development, physiological cyclical processes such as wound healing, the encapsulation of foreign bodies, tumor growth, and some other situations. In this review, we analyze the cellular mechanisms of angiogenesis, namely, angiogenesis by sprouting, ansiform (by loop formation) angiogenesis, coalescent angiogenesis, and angiogenesis by intussusception (splitting the capillary into two channels). The analysis of data revealed a lot of unanswered questions and contradictions. Here, we propose several new models of angiogenesis explaining these contradictions.