Ecological intensification measures to improve productivity and decrease nitrogen surplus in wheat-maize/watermelon intercropping system

Intercropping is a promising ecological intensification practice thanks to its improved crop yield and nutrient use efficiency compared with mono-cropping. However, there are constraints for achieving higher yields and efficiencies, and little is known about how to address such constraints. We condu...

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Published inInternational journal of sustainable development and world ecology Vol. 30; no. 2; pp. 140 - 151
Main Authors Yanjie, Chen, Xiaotong, Yang, Yi, Zhang, Zhan, Xu, Cross, Paul, Chaochun, Zhang
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Abingdon Taylor & Francis 17.02.2023
Taylor & Francis Ltd
Subjects
Agricultural practices
Agricultural production
chicory
Cichorium intybus
continuous cropping
Corn
cover crop
Cover crops
Crop diversity
Crop planting
Crop yield
Crops
ecological enhancement
ecology
Evaluation
Fruit set
fruit yield
Fruits
Growing season
Intercropping
Nitrogen
nutrient use efficiency
Plant reproduction
Planting
Pollination
pollination service
Productivity
Soil depth
soil inorganic nitrogen
Soils
sustainable development
Water melons
watermelons
Wheat
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Abstract Intercropping is a promising ecological intensification practice thanks to its improved crop yield and nutrient use efficiency compared with mono-cropping. However, there are constraints for achieving higher yields and efficiencies, and little is known about how to address such constraints. We conducted two experiments in a wheat-maize/watermelon intercropping study and examined the impacts of pollination services and cover crop addition on productivity and nitrogen (N) surplus, respectively. During the watermelon growing season, we investigated pollination services using three treatments (full cover, semi-cover, no cover) and evaluated fruit set rate, yield and pollination service index. During the maize growing season, we evaluated the impact of cover crop chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) on maize growth and soil residual inorganic N using three treatments (no cover crop, one row and two rows cover crop). Compared with the full cover treatment, semi-cover and no cover treatments increased the fruit set rate of watermelon by 42.95% and 73.85%, and fruit yield by 10.84 Mg·ha −1 and 11.48 Mg·ha −1 , respectively. Pollination services accounted for 57.5% of relative watermelon yield. Compared with the control (no cover crops), planting cover crops increased yield and N uptake of the maize while reducing the apparent N surplus by 25.9-26.0 kg·ha −1 . After the maize was harvested, inorganic N was largely distributed below the 60 cm soil depth. Providing pollination services and planting cover crops can be promising ecological intensification measures that improve productivity and decrease the N surplus of the intercropping system.
AbstractList Intercropping is a promising ecological intensification practice thanks to its improved crop yield and nutrient use efficiency compared with mono-cropping. However, there are constraints for achieving higher yields and efficiencies, and little is known about how to address such constraints. We conducted two experiments in a wheat-maize/watermelon intercropping study and examined the impacts of pollination services and cover crop addition on productivity and nitrogen (N) surplus, respectively. During the watermelon growing season, we investigated pollination services using three treatments (full cover, semi-cover, no cover) and evaluated fruit set rate, yield and pollination service index. During the maize growing season, we evaluated the impact of cover crop chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) on maize growth and soil residual inorganic N using three treatments (no cover crop, one row and two rows cover crop). Compared with the full cover treatment, semi-cover and no cover treatments increased the fruit set rate of watermelon by 42.95% and 73.85%, and fruit yield by 10.84 Mg·ha⁻¹ and 11.48 Mg·ha⁻¹, respectively. Pollination services accounted for 57.5% of relative watermelon yield. Compared with the control (no cover crops), planting cover crops increased yield and N uptake of the maize while reducing the apparent N surplus by 25.9–26.0 kg·ha⁻¹. After the maize was harvested, inorganic N was largely distributed below the 60 cm soil depth. Providing pollination services and planting cover crops can be promising ecological intensification measures that improve productivity and decrease the N surplus of the intercropping system.
Intercropping is a promising ecological intensification practice thanks to its improved crop yield and nutrient use efficiency compared with mono-cropping. However, there are constraints for achieving higher yields and efficiencies, and little is known about how to address such constraints. We conducted two experiments in a wheat-maize/watermelon intercropping study and examined the impacts of pollination services and cover crop addition on productivity and nitrogen (N) surplus, respectively. During the watermelon growing season, we investigated pollination services using three treatments (full cover, semi-cover, no cover) and evaluated fruit set rate, yield and pollination service index. During the maize growing season, we evaluated the impact of cover crop chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) on maize growth and soil residual inorganic N using three treatments (no cover crop, one row and two rows cover crop). Compared with the full cover treatment, semi-cover and no cover treatments increased the fruit set rate of watermelon by 42.95% and 73.85%, and fruit yield by 10.84 Mg·ha−1 and 11.48 Mg·ha−1, respectively. Pollination services accounted for 57.5% of relative watermelon yield. Compared with the control (no cover crops), planting cover crops increased yield and N uptake of the maize while reducing the apparent N surplus by 25.9–26.0 kg·ha−1. After the maize was harvested, inorganic N was largely distributed below the 60 cm soil depth. Providing pollination services and planting cover crops can be promising ecological intensification measures that improve productivity and decrease the N surplus of the intercropping system.
Intercropping is a promising ecological intensification practice thanks to its improved crop yield and nutrient use efficiency compared with mono-cropping. However, there are constraints for achieving higher yields and efficiencies, and little is known about how to address such constraints. We conducted two experiments in a wheat-maize/watermelon intercropping study and examined the impacts of pollination services and cover crop addition on productivity and nitrogen (N) surplus, respectively. During the watermelon growing season, we investigated pollination services using three treatments (full cover, semi-cover, no cover) and evaluated fruit set rate, yield and pollination service index. During the maize growing season, we evaluated the impact of cover crop chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) on maize growth and soil residual inorganic N using three treatments (no cover crop, one row and two rows cover crop). Compared with the full cover treatment, semi-cover and no cover treatments increased the fruit set rate of watermelon by 42.95% and 73.85%, and fruit yield by 10.84 Mg·ha −1 and 11.48 Mg·ha −1 , respectively. Pollination services accounted for 57.5% of relative watermelon yield. Compared with the control (no cover crops), planting cover crops increased yield and N uptake of the maize while reducing the apparent N surplus by 25.9-26.0 kg·ha −1 . After the maize was harvested, inorganic N was largely distributed below the 60 cm soil depth. Providing pollination services and planting cover crops can be promising ecological intensification measures that improve productivity and decrease the N surplus of the intercropping system.
Author Yi, Zhang
Cross, Paul
Chaochun, Zhang
Xiaotong, Yang
Yanjie, Chen
Zhan, Xu
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Chen
  surname: Yanjie
  fullname: Yanjie, Chen
  organization: China Agricultural University
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Yang
  surname: Xiaotong
  fullname: Xiaotong, Yang
  organization: Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University
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  fullname: Yi, Zhang
  organization: China Agricultural University
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  surname: Zhan
  fullname: Zhan, Xu
  organization: China Agricultural University
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  surname: Cross
  fullname: Cross, Paul
  organization: Bangor University
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  givenname: Zhang
  surname: Chaochun
  fullname: Chaochun, Zhang
  email: zhangcc@cau.edu.cn
  organization: China Agricultural University
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Snippet Intercropping is a promising ecological intensification practice thanks to its improved crop yield and nutrient use efficiency compared with mono-cropping....
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SubjectTerms Agricultural practices
Agricultural production
chicory
Cichorium intybus
continuous cropping
Corn
cover crop
Cover crops
Crop diversity
Crop planting
Crop yield
Crops
ecological enhancement
ecology
Evaluation
Fruit set
fruit yield
Fruits
Growing season
Intercropping
Nitrogen
nutrient use efficiency
Plant reproduction
Planting
Pollination
pollination service
Productivity
Soil depth
soil inorganic nitrogen
Soils
sustainable development
Water melons
watermelons
Wheat
Title Ecological intensification measures to improve productivity and decrease nitrogen surplus in wheat-maize/watermelon intercropping system
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