Antibacterial Broad‐Spectrum Dendritic/Gellan Gum Hybrid Hydrogels with Rapid Shape‐Forming and Self‐Healing for Wound Healing Application

• Published in: Macromolecular bioscience Vol. 23; no. 12; pp. e2300224 - n/a
• Main Authors: Biscari, Giuseppina, Fan, Yanmiao, Namata, Faridah, Fiorica, Calogero, Malkoch, Michael, Palumbo, Fabio Salvatore, Pitarresi, Giovanna
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.12.2023
• Subjects: adhesive catechol-gellan gum; Alanine; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antibiotics; antimicrobial; Calcium chloride; Cell viability; Crosslinking; Dendrimers - pharmacology; dendritic hybrid hydrogels; Dopamine; E coli; Gellan gum; Humans; Hydrogels; Hydrogels - chemistry; Hydrogels - pharmacology; Imines; Keratinocytes; Mice; Microorganisms; Monocytes; Polyelectrolytes; self-healing hydrogel; Substrates; Swine; Wound Healing; Wound infection; antimicrobial; self-healing hydrogel; wound healing; adhesive catechol-gellan gum; gellan gum; dendritic hybrid hydrogels; dopamine
• ISSN: 1616-5187; 1616-5195; 1616-5195
• DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300224

Treating wound infections is a difficult task ever since pathogenic bacteria started to develop resistance to common antibiotics. The present study develops hybrid hydrogels based on the formation of a polyelectrolyte complex between the anionic charges of dopamine‐functionalized Gellan Gum (GG‐DA) and the cationic moieties of the TMP‐G2‐alanine dendrimer. The hydrogels thus obtained can be doubly crosslinked with CaCl2, obtaining solid hydrogels. Or, by oxidizing dopamine to GG‐DA, possibly causing further interactions such as Schiff Base and Michael addition to take place, hydrogels called injectables can be obtained. The latter have shear‐thinning and self‐healing properties (efficiency up to 100%). Human dermal fibroblasts (HDF), human epidermal keratinocytes (HaCaT), and mouse monocyte cells (RAW 264.7), after incubation with hydrogels, in most cases show cell viability up to 100%. Hydrogels exhibit adhesive behavior on various substrates, including porcine skin. At the same time, the dendrimer serves to crosslink the hydrogels and endows them with excellent broad‐spectrum microbial eradication activity within four hours, evaluated using Staphylococcus aureus 2569 and Escherichia coli 178. Using the same GG‐DA/TMP‐G2‐alanine ratios hybrid hydrogels with tunable properties and potential for wound dressing applications can be produced. In this work, antibacterial hydrogels with low cytotoxicity are produced by hybridizing negatively charged dopamine‐functionalized Gellan Gum and the positively‐charged amine‐functionalized polyester dendrimers. The hydrogels showcase intriguing self‐healing and adhesive properties to a wide variety of substrates. Collectivelly, the developed hydrogels fulfill critical criteria for intended use as innovative antibacterial wound dressings.