Impedance based bolt pre-load monitoring using piezoceramic smart washer - Huo, Linsheng; Chen, Dongdong; Liang, Yabin; Li, Hongnan; Feng, Xin; Song, Gangbing (Smart materials and structures, 2017)
Keywords: bolt pre-load monitoring; electro-mechanical impedance (EMI); lead zirconate titanate (PZT) transducer; smart washe