Investigation of injector coking effects on spray characteristic and engine performance in gasoline direct injection engines

• Published in: Applied energy Vol. 220; pp. 375 - 394
• Main Authors: Badawy, Tawfik, Attar, Mohammadreza Anbari, Hutchins, Peter, Xu, Hongming, Krueger Venus, Jens, Cracknell, Roger
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 15.06.2018
• Subjects: Coked injector; Diffusion flame; GDI; SEM; Spray; PDPA; MFB; HRR; BL; Spray; GDI; BTDC; ULG; ASOI; ETBE; TDC; EDS; IH; ST; DCA; EH; OS; SOC; CAD; IMOP; EMOP; Coked injector; COV; SMD; ATDC; SOI; IMEP; Diffusion flame; ECU; SEM; HC; PM; PN

[Display omitted] •Injector tip deposits effects on spray characteristics and atomization were examined.•Injector tip deposits effects on mass flow rate reduction were investigated.•Injector tip deposits impacts on diffusion flame formation were examined. Spray and droplet characteristics of a coked...