Outcome, incidence and risk factors for stroke after pediatric heart transplantation: An analysis of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation Registry
In the registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT), cerebrovascular accidents are the fifth most common cause for mortality after pediatric heart transplantation (PHTx), but details are lacking in the literature. The purpose of this analysis of the ISHLT registry...
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Published in | The Journal of heart and lung transplantation Vol. 35; no. 5; pp. 597 - 602 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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United States
Elsevier Inc
01.05.2016
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Abstract | In the registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT), cerebrovascular accidents are the fifth most common cause for mortality after pediatric heart transplantation (PHTx), but details are lacking in the literature. The purpose of this analysis of the ISHLT registry was to determine the prevalence, risk factors and outcomes of stroke after PHTx.
Data from the ISHLT registry (1998 to 2010) were used to identify all patients whose primary transplantation was performed at <18 years of age. Of the 10,441 transplants reviewed, 9,837 primary transplants and 604 retransplants were analyzed.
Three hundred thirty-three (3%) patients had a stroke after PHTx; 54% were male, median age at PHTx was 6 years (0 to 17 years), and 44% had a diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD). Freedom from stroke was 99% at 1 month, 97% at 5 years, 95% at 10 years and 91% at 20 years post-PHTx. After a stroke, survival at 1 month, 1 year and 5 years was 83%, 69% and 55%, respectively. Multivariable independent risk factors for stroke included a primary diagnosis of congenital heart disease [hazard ratio (HR) 1.4 (1.1 to 1.7), p = 0.01], previous stroke [HR 4.5 (3.2 to 6.2), p < 0.001], history of aborted sudden death [HR 1.5 (1.1 to 2), p = 0.01], ventricular assist device [HR 1.5 (1.1 to 2.2), p = 0.03] or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation [HR 1.7 (1.2 to 2.2), p = 0.01], post-operative dialysis [HR 3.3 (2.3 to 4.7), p < 0.001], infection requiring antibiotics before discharge [HR 1.9 (1.4 to 2.5), p < 0.001], pacemaker implantation [HR 1.6 (1 to 2.5), p = 0.04] or drug-treated hypertension [HR 1.4 (1.1 to 1.8), p = 0.003] during follow-up.
Stroke after pediatric heart transplantation is associated with increased mortality. Congenital heart disease and mechanical support both portend greater risk, in addition to markers of increased pre- and post-transplant medical acuity. |
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AbstractList | In the registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT), cerebrovascular accidents are the fifth most common cause for mortality after pediatric heart transplantation (PHTx), but details are lacking in the literature. The purpose of this analysis of the ISHLT registry was to determine the prevalence, risk factors and outcomes of stroke after PHTx.
Data from the ISHLT registry (1998 to 2010) were used to identify all patients whose primary transplantation was performed at <18 years of age. Of the 10,441 transplants reviewed, 9,837 primary transplants and 604 retransplants were analyzed.
Three hundred thirty-three (3%) patients had a stroke after PHTx; 54% were male, median age at PHTx was 6 years (0 to 17 years), and 44% had a diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD). Freedom from stroke was 99% at 1 month, 97% at 5 years, 95% at 10 years and 91% at 20 years post-PHTx. After a stroke, survival at 1 month, 1 year and 5 years was 83%, 69% and 55%, respectively. Multivariable independent risk factors for stroke included a primary diagnosis of congenital heart disease [hazard ratio (HR) 1.4 (1.1 to 1.7), p = 0.01], previous stroke [HR 4.5 (3.2 to 6.2), p < 0.001], history of aborted sudden death [HR 1.5 (1.1 to 2), p = 0.01], ventricular assist device [HR 1.5 (1.1 to 2.2), p = 0.03] or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation [HR 1.7 (1.2 to 2.2), p = 0.01], post-operative dialysis [HR 3.3 (2.3 to 4.7), p < 0.001], infection requiring antibiotics before discharge [HR 1.9 (1.4 to 2.5), p < 0.001], pacemaker implantation [HR 1.6 (1 to 2.5), p = 0.04] or drug-treated hypertension [HR 1.4 (1.1 to 1.8), p = 0.003] during follow-up.
Stroke after pediatric heart transplantation is associated with increased mortality. Congenital heart disease and mechanical support both portend greater risk, in addition to markers of increased pre- and post-transplant medical acuity. BACKGROUNDIn the registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT), cerebrovascular accidents are the fifth most common cause for mortality after pediatric heart transplantation (PHTx), but details are lacking in the literature. The purpose of this analysis of the ISHLT registry was to determine the prevalence, risk factors and outcomes of stroke after PHTx.METHODSData from the ISHLT registry (1998 to 2010) were used to identify all patients whose primary transplantation was performed at <18 years of age. Of the 10,441 transplants reviewed, 9,837 primary transplants and 604 retransplants were analyzed.RESULTSThree hundred thirty-three (3%) patients had a stroke after PHTx; 54% were male, median age at PHTx was 6 years (0 to 17 years), and 44% had a diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD). Freedom from stroke was 99% at 1 month, 97% at 5 years, 95% at 10 years and 91% at 20 years post-PHTx. After a stroke, survival at 1 month, 1 year and 5 years was 83%, 69% and 55%, respectively. Multivariable independent risk factors for stroke included a primary diagnosis of congenital heart disease [hazard ratio (HR) 1.4 (1.1 to 1.7), p = 0.01], previous stroke [HR 4.5 (3.2 to 6.2), p < 0.001], history of aborted sudden death [HR 1.5 (1.1 to 2), p = 0.01], ventricular assist device [HR 1.5 (1.1 to 2.2), p = 0.03] or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation [HR 1.7 (1.2 to 2.2), p = 0.01], post-operative dialysis [HR 3.3 (2.3 to 4.7), p < 0.001], infection requiring antibiotics before discharge [HR 1.9 (1.4 to 2.5), p < 0.001], pacemaker implantation [HR 1.6 (1 to 2.5), p = 0.04] or drug-treated hypertension [HR 1.4 (1.1 to 1.8), p = 0.003] during follow-up.CONCLUSIONSStroke after pediatric heart transplantation is associated with increased mortality. Congenital heart disease and mechanical support both portend greater risk, in addition to markers of increased pre- and post-transplant medical acuity. |
Author | Morgan, Conall T. Manlhiot, Cedric McCrindle, Brian W. Dipchand, Anne I. |
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Keywords | mechanical support heart transplantation mortality congenital heart disease stroke outcome pediatric |
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Snippet | In the registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT), cerebrovascular accidents are the fifth most common cause for... BACKGROUNDIn the registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT), cerebrovascular accidents are the fifth most common cause... |
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SubjectTerms | Child Child, Preschool congenital heart disease Heart Transplantation Humans Incidence Infant Infant, Newborn Lung Transplantation Male mechanical support mortality outcome pediatric Registries Risk Factors Stroke |
Title | Outcome, incidence and risk factors for stroke after pediatric heart transplantation: An analysis of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation Registry |
URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2016.01.1226 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26996929 https://search.proquest.com/docview/1790464438 |
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