Preliminary results of a randomized, equivalence trial of fluoroscopic caudal epidural injections in managing chronic low back pain: Part 1--Discogenic pain without disc herniation or radiculitis

• Published in: Pain physician Vol. 11; no. 6; pp. 785 - 800
• Main Authors: Manchikanti, Laxmaiah, Cash, Kimberly A, McManus, Carla D, Pampati, Vidyasagar, Smith, Howard S
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States 01.11.2008
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Analgesics, Opioid - therapeutic use; Anesthetics, Local - administration & dosage; Chronic Disease - drug therapy; Disability Evaluation; Double-Blind Method; Female; Fluoroscopy - methods; Fluoroscopy - statistics & numerical data; Humans; Injections, Epidural - methods; Injections, Epidural - statistics & numerical data; Intervertebral Disc - innervation; Intervertebral Disc - physiopathology; Low Back Pain - drug therapy; Low Back Pain - etiology; Low Back Pain - physiopathology; Male; Middle Aged; Nerve Block - instrumentation; Nerve Block - methods; Nerve Block - statistics & numerical data; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) - methods; Pain Measurement; Steroids - administration & dosage; Treatment Outcome

Intervertebral discs, facet joints, ligaments, fascia, muscles, and nerve root dura have been described as tissues capable of transmitting pain in the low back. The pathophysiology of spinal radicular pain is the subject of ongoing research and controversy with discogenic pain assuming a major role...